winform 利用 NPOI导入，导出excel

一，引用npoi

按 工具->NuGet 包管理器->程序包管理控制台 顺序依次点击，在 VS2015 界面的弹出的 程序包管理控制台输入 Install-Package NPOI -Version 2.4.1

二、编写npoi工具类

	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.Text;
	using System.IO;
	using System.Data;
	using System.Windows.Forms;
	using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
	using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
	using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
	
	/**
	**利用 NPOI导入导出excel
	**/
	namespace XXX.Util
	{
	    class ExcelHelperForCs
	    {
	        #region 私有方法

    /// <summary>
    /// 获取要保存的文件名称（含完整路径）
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static string GetSaveFilePath()
    {
        SaveFileDialog saveFileDig = new SaveFileDialog();
        saveFileDig.Filter = "Excel Office97-2003(*.xls)|.xls|Excel Office2007及以上(*.xlsx)|*.xlsx";
        saveFileDig.FilterIndex = 0;
        saveFileDig.OverwritePrompt = true;
        saveFileDig.InitialDirectory = "c://";
        string filePath = null;
        if (saveFileDig.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
        {
            filePath = saveFileDig.FileName;
        }

        return filePath;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 判断是否为兼容模式
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="filePath"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static bool GetIsCompatible(string filePath)
    {
        return filePath.EndsWith(".xls", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
    }



    /// <summary>
    /// 创建工作薄
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="isCompatible"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static IWorkbook CreateWorkbook(bool isCompatible)
    {
        if (isCompatible)
        {
            return new HSSFWorkbook();
        }
        else
        {
            return new XSSFWorkbook();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 创建工作薄(依据文件流)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="isCompatible"></param>
    /// <param name="stream"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static IWorkbook CreateWorkbook(bool isCompatible, dynamic stream)
    {
        if (isCompatible)
        {
            return new HSSFWorkbook(stream);
        }
        else
        {
            return new XSSFWorkbook(stream);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 创建表格头单元格
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sheet"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static ICellStyle GetCellStyle(IWorkbook workbook)
    {
        ICellStyle style = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
        style.FillPattern = FillPattern.SolidForeground;
        style.FillForegroundColor = NPOI.HSSF.Util.HSSFColor.Grey25Percent.Index;

        return style;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 从工作表中生成DataTable
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sheet"></param>
    /// <param name="headerRowIndex"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static DataTable GetDataTableFromSheet(ISheet sheet, int headerRowIndex)
    {
        DataTable table = new DataTable();

        IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(headerRowIndex);
        int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;

        for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; i++)
        {
            if (headerRow.GetCell(i) == null || headerRow.GetCell(i).StringCellValue.Trim() == "")
            {
                // 如果遇到第一个空列，则不再继续向后读取
                cellCount = i + 1;
                break;
            }
            DataColumn column = new DataColumn(headerRow.GetCell(i).StringCellValue);
            table.Columns.Add(column);
        }

        for (int i = (headerRowIndex + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
        {
            IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);

            if (row != null && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(row.Cells[0].StringCellValue))
            {
                DataRow dataRow = table.NewRow();

                for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
                {
                    if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
                    {
                        dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
                    }
                }

                table.Rows.Add(dataRow);
            }
        }

        return table;
    }

    #endregion

    #region 公共导出方法

    /// <summary>
    /// 由DataSet导出Excel
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>
    /// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>
    public static string ExportToExcel(DataSet sourceDs, string filePath = null)
    {

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
        {
            filePath = GetSaveFilePath();
        }

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath)) return null;

        bool isCompatible = GetIsCompatible(filePath);

        IWorkbook workbook = CreateWorkbook(isCompatible);
        ICellStyle cellStyle = GetCellStyle(workbook);

        for (int i = 0; i < sourceDs.Tables.Count; i++)
        {
            DataTable table = sourceDs.Tables[i];
            string sheetName = "result" + i.ToString();
            ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);
            IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
            // handling header.
            foreach (DataColumn column in table.Columns)
            {
                ICell cell = headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);
                cell.SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
                cell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
            }

            // handling value.
            int rowIndex = 1;

            foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
            {
                IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);

                foreach (DataColumn column in table.Columns)
                {
                    dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue((row[column] ?? "").ToString());
                }

                rowIndex++;
            }
        }

        FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
        workbook.Write(fs);
        fs.Dispose();
        workbook = null;

        return filePath;

    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 由DataTable导出Excel
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>
    /// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>
    public static string ExportToExcel(DataTable sourceTable, string sheetName = "result", string filePath = null)
    {
        if (sourceTable.Rows.Count <= 0) return null;

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
        {
            filePath = GetSaveFilePath();
        }

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath)) return null;

        bool isCompatible = GetIsCompatible(filePath);

        IWorkbook workbook = CreateWorkbook(isCompatible);
        ICellStyle cellStyle = GetCellStyle(workbook);

        ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);
        IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
        // handling header.
        foreach (DataColumn column in sourceTable.Columns)
        {
            ICell headerCell = headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);
            headerCell.SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
            headerCell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
        }

        // handling value.
        int rowIndex = 1;

        foreach (DataRow row in sourceTable.Rows)
        {
            IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);

            foreach (DataColumn column in sourceTable.Columns)
            {
                dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue((row[column] ?? "").ToString());
            }

            rowIndex++;
        }
        FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
        workbook.Write(fs);
        fs.Dispose();

        sheet = null;
        headerRow = null;
        workbook = null;

        return filePath;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 由List导出Excel
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">类型</typeparam>
    /// <param name="data">在导出的List</param>
    /// <param name="sheetName">sheet名称</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string ExportToExcel<T>(List<T> data, IList<KeyValuePair<string, string>> headerNameList, string sheetName = "result", string filePath = null) where T : class
    {
        if (data.Count <= 0) return null;

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
        {
            filePath = GetSaveFilePath();
        }

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath)) return null;

        bool isCompatible = GetIsCompatible(filePath);

        IWorkbook workbook = CreateWorkbook(isCompatible);
        ICellStyle cellStyle = GetCellStyle(workbook);
        ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);
        IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);

        for (int i = 0; i < headerNameList.Count; i++)
        {
            ICell cell = headerRow.CreateCell(i);
            cell.SetCellValue(headerNameList[i].Value);
            cell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
        }

        Type t = typeof(T);
        int rowIndex = 1;
        foreach (T item in data)
        {
            IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
            for (int n = 0; n < headerNameList.Count; n++)
            {
                object pValue = t.GetProperty(headerNameList[n].Key).GetValue(item, null);
                dataRow.CreateCell(n).SetCellValue((pValue ?? "").ToString());
            }
            rowIndex++;
        }
        FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
        workbook.Write(fs);
        fs.Dispose();

        sheet = null;
        headerRow = null;
        workbook = null;

        return filePath;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 由DataGridView导出
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="grid"></param>
    /// <param name="sheetName"></param>
    /// <param name="filePath"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public  string ExportToExcel(DataGridView grid, string sheetName = "result", string filePath = null)
    {
        if (grid.Rows.Count <= 0) return null;

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
        {
            filePath = GetSaveFilePath();
        }

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath)) return null;

        bool isCompatible = GetIsCompatible(filePath);

        IWorkbook workbook = CreateWorkbook(isCompatible);
        ICellStyle cellStyle = GetCellStyle(workbook);
        ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);

        IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);

        for (int i = 0; i < grid.Columns.Count; i++)
        {
            ICell cell = headerRow.CreateCell(i);
            cell.SetCellValue(grid.Columns[i].Name);
            cell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
        }

        int rowIndex = 1;
        foreach (DataGridViewRow row in grid.Rows)
        {
            IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
            for (int n = 0; n < grid.Columns.Count; n++)
            {
                dataRow.CreateCell(n).SetCellValue((row.Cells[n].Value ?? "").ToString());
            }
            rowIndex++;
        }

        FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
        workbook.Write(fs);
        fs.Dispose();

        sheet = null;
        headerRow = null;
        workbook = null;

        return filePath;
    }

    #endregion

    #region 公共导入方法

    /// <summary>
    /// 由Excel导入DataTable
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="excelFileStream">Excel文件流</param>
    /// <param name="sheetName">Excel工作表名称</param>
    /// <param name="headerRowIndex">Excel表头行索引</param>
    /// <param name="isCompatible">是否为兼容模式</param>
    /// <returns>DataTable</returns>
    public static DataTable ImportFromExcel(Stream excelFileStream, string sheetName, int headerRowIndex, bool isCompatible)
    {
        IWorkbook workbook = CreateWorkbook(isCompatible, excelFileStream);
        ISheet sheet = null;
        int sheetIndex = -1;
        if (int.TryParse(sheetName, out sheetIndex))
        {
            sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(sheetIndex);
        }
        else
        {
            sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName);
        }

        DataTable table = GetDataTableFromSheet(sheet, headerRowIndex);

        excelFileStream.Close();
        workbook = null;
        sheet = null;
        return table;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 由Excel导入DataTable
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="excelFilePath">Excel文件路径，为物理路径。</param>
    /// <param name="sheetName">Excel工作表名称</param>
    /// <param name="headerRowIndex">Excel表头行索引</param>
    /// <returns>DataTable</returns>
    public static DataTable ImportFromExcel(string excelFilePath, string sheetName, int headerRowIndex)
    {
        using (FileStream stream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(excelFilePath))
        {
            bool isCompatible = GetIsCompatible(excelFilePath);
            return ImportFromExcel(stream, sheetName, headerRowIndex, isCompatible);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 由Excel导入DataSet，如果有多个工作表，则导入多个DataTable
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="excelFileStream">Excel文件流</param>
    /// <param name="headerRowIndex">Excel表头行索引</param>
    /// <param name="isCompatible">是否为兼容模式</param>
    /// <returns>DataSet</returns>
    public static DataSet ImportFromExcel(Stream excelFileStream, int headerRowIndex, bool isCompatible)
    {
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        IWorkbook workbook = CreateWorkbook(isCompatible, excelFileStream);
        for (int i = 0; i < workbook.NumberOfSheets; i++)
        {
            ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(i);
            DataTable table = GetDataTableFromSheet(sheet, headerRowIndex);
            ds.Tables.Add(table);
        }

        excelFileStream.Close();
        workbook = null;

        return ds;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 由Excel导入DataSet，如果有多个工作表，则导入多个DataTable
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="excelFilePath">Excel文件路径，为物理路径。</param>
    /// <param name="headerRowIndex">Excel表头行索引</param>
    /// <returns>DataSet</returns>
    public static DataSet ImportFromExcel(string excelFilePath, int headerRowIndex)
    {
        using (FileStream stream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(excelFilePath))
        {
            bool isCompatible = GetIsCompatible(excelFilePath);
            return ImportFromExcel(stream, headerRowIndex, isCompatible);
        }
    }

    #endregion

    #region 公共转换方法

    /// <summary>
    /// 将Excel的列索引转换为列名，列索引从0开始，列名从A开始。如第0列为A，第1列为B...
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="index">列索引</param>
    /// <returns>列名，如第0列为A，第1列为B...</returns>
    public static string ConvertColumnIndexToColumnName(int index)
    {
        index = index + 1;
        int system = 26;
        char[] digArray = new char[100];
        int i = 0;
        while (index > 0)
        {
            int mod = index % system;
            if (mod == 0) mod = system;
            digArray[i++] = (char)(mod - 1 + 'A');
            index = (index - 1) / 26;
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(i);
        for (int j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--)
        {
            sb.Append(digArray[j]);
        }
        return sb.ToString();
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 转化日期
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="date">日期</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static DateTime ConvertDate(object date)
    {
        string dtStr = (date ?? "").ToString();

        DateTime dt = new DateTime();

        if (DateTime.TryParse(dtStr, out dt))
        {
            return dt;
        }

        try
        {
            string spStr = "";
            if (dtStr.Contains("-"))
            {
                spStr = "-";
            }
            else if (dtStr.Contains("/"))
            {
                spStr = "/";
            }
            string[] time = dtStr.Split(spStr.ToCharArray());
            int year = Convert.ToInt32(time[2]);
            int month = Convert.ToInt32(time[0]);
            int day = Convert.ToInt32(time[1]);
            string years = Convert.ToString(year);
            string months = Convert.ToString(month);
            string days = Convert.ToString(day);
            if (months.Length == 4)
            {
                dt = Convert.ToDateTime(date);
            }
            else
            {
                string rq = "";
                if (years.Length == 1)
                {
                    years = "0" + years;
                }
                if (months.Length == 1)
                {
                    months = "0" + months;
                }
                if (days.Length == 1)
                {
                    days = "0" + days;
                }
                rq = "20" + years + "-" + months + "-" + days;
                dt = Convert.ToDateTime(rq);
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            throw new Exception("日期格式不正确，转换日期失败！");
        }
        return dt;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 转化数字
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="d">数字字符串</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static decimal ConvertDecimal(object d)
    {
        string dStr = (d ?? "").ToString();
        decimal result = 0;
        if (decimal.TryParse(dStr, out result))
        {
            return result;
        }
        else
        {
            throw new Exception("数字格式不正确，转换数字失败！");
        }

    }

    #endregion
}
}

三、使用导出、导入

		 /**
        **导出excel
        **/
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ExcelHelperForCs ehf = new ExcelHelperForCs();
            ehf.ExportToExcel(dataGridView1, "代码", null);
        }
		/**
        **导入数据
        **/
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //打开一个文件选择框
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Title = "Excel文件";
            ofd.FileName = "";
            ofd.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);//为了获取特定的系统文件夹，可以使用System.Environment类的静态方法GetFolderPath()。该方法接受一个Environment.SpecialFolder枚举，其中可以定义要返回路径的哪个系统目录
            ofd.Filter = "Excel文件| *.xlsx;*.xls";
            ofd.ValidateNames = true;     //文件有效性验证ValidateNames，验证用户输入是否是一个有效的Windows文件名
            ofd.CheckFileExists = true;  //验证路径有效性
            ofd.CheckPathExists = true; //验证文件有效性
            string strName = string.Empty;
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                strName = ofd.FileName;
            }

            if (strName == "")
            {
                MessageBox.Show("没有选择Excel文件！无法进行数据导入");
                return;
            }
            try {
                DataTable dt = ExcelHelperForCs.ImportFromExcel(strName, "合金代码", 0);
               this.dataGridView1.dataSource = dt.defaultView;
                MessageBox.Show("导入成功！");
            }
            catch () {
 				MessageBox.Show("导入失败！");
            }
            
        }