scala基础语法-1变量、类型、循环、方法、函数

变量

val t = 1
val tt: Int = 11
var s = "hello scala"
var str: String = "hello world!"

val相当于java的final

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类型

• 7种数值类型：Byte, Char, Short, Int, Long, Float, Double
• 1种布尔类型：Boolean
• Any相当于java中的Object
• Unit写做(),相当于java中的void

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循环

• 循环Range

scala> 1 to 10
res0: scala.collection.immutable.Range.Inclusive = Range(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)

for(i <- 1 to 10)
  println(i)

• 循环数组

val arr = Array(1,2,3,4,5)
for(t <- arr)
  println(t)

• 带条件循环

for(i<- 1 to 3; j<- 1 to 3 if i!=j)
  println(10 * i + j)

• yield关键字

scala> val seq = for(i<- 1 to 10 if(i%2==0)) yield i*10
seq: scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq[Int] = Vector(20, 40, 60, 80, 100)

• filter函数

scala> val arr = Array(1,2,3,4,5)
arr: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

scala> arr.filter(_%2==0).map(_*10)
res0: Array[Int] = Array(20, 40)

• until关键字

scala> val arr = Array(1,2,3,4,5)
scala> for(i<- 0 until arr.length) println(arr(i))

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方法

def methodName(paramOne: Int, paramTwo: String): String={
	...
}

函数

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• 函数定义

val funName = (paramOne: Int, paramTwo: String) => {
	...
}

val funName : Int => String = {
	x => x.toString
}

val funName: (Int, Double) => (Double, Int) = {
	(a, b) => (b, a)
}

• 函数可以作为方法的参数

val fun1 = (x: Int) => x * 10

def m1(x: Int, f: Int => Int) = {
  f(x)
}

def main(args: Array[String]) {
  val res = m1(2, fun1)
  println(res)
}