1.sshd简介
sshd= secure shell
可以通过网络在主机中开机shell的服务
客户端软件
sshd
连接方式:
ssh username@ip 文本模式的链接
ssh -X username@ip 可以在链接成功后开机图形
#server(172.25.254.161) 为服务端 连接172.25.254.160的用户端
注意:
第一次链接陌生主机是要建立认证文件
所以会询问是否建立,需要树入yes
在次链接此台主机时,因为已经生成~/.ssh/know_hosts文件所以不需要再次输入yes
远程复制:
scp file root@ip:dir 上传
scp root@ip:file dir 下载
#
#下载/root/Desktop/shuang 到当前桌面
#上传 xie到172.25.254.160桌面上
#
!
#将用户172.25.254.160 切换到无图标模式(init3)效果如下
#将用户172.25.254.160 切换到有图标模式(init 5)
2.sshd 的key认证
1.生成认证KEY
ssh-keygen ##生成密钥的命令
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): ##指定保存加密字符的文件(使用默认)
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): ##设定密码(使用空密码)
Enter same passphrase again: ##确认密码
Your identification has been saved in “/root/.ssh/id_rsa”. ##私钥(钥匙)
Your public key has been saved in “/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub”. ##公钥(锁)
#私钥 cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa
#公钥 cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
2.加密服务
[root@server .ssh]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.161 ##加密sshd服务
The authenticity of host ‘172.25.254.161 (172.25.254.161)’ can’t be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is eb:24:0e:07:96:26:b1:04:c2:37:0c:78:2d:bc:b0:08.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed – if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@172.25.254.161’s password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: “ssh ‘root@172.25.254.161’”
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[root@server .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts
^
此文件出现表示加密完成
#自定义不用输入空格
#修改文件服务端加密权限 使用服务端连接不上用户端
删除用户端172.25.254.161中的钥匙,则服务端172.25.254.160链接被拒
!
3.分发钥匙
scp /root/.ssh/id_rsa root@172.25.254.160:/root/.ssh/
##连接时发现直接登陆不需要root登陆系统的密码认证
4.sshd的安全设定
文件:vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
5.添加sshd登陆登陆信息
vim /etc/motd 文件内容就是登陆后显示的信息(此文件在用户端写入),等待服务端链接后内容直接出现在服务端桌面上
如:在用户端172.25.254.160 ***vim /etc/motd***上写入 欢迎您的到来
服务端172.25.254.161链接成功会自动出现“欢迎您的到来”字样