处理sql server的死锁

--第一篇

--检测死锁

--如果发生死锁了，我们怎么去检测具体发生死锁的是哪条SQL语句或存储过程？

--这时我们可以使用以下存储过程来检测，就可以查出引起死锁的进程和SQL语句。SQL Server自带的系统存储过程sp_who和sp_lock也可以用来查找阻塞和死锁, 但没有这里介绍的方法好用。

use master
go
create procedure sp_who_lock
as
begin
declare @spid int,@bl int,
@intTransactionCountOnEntry int,
@intRowcount int,
@intCountProperties int,
@intCounter int

create table #tmp_lock_who (
id int identity(1,1),
spid smallint,
bl smallint)

IF @@ERROR<>0 RETURN @@ERROR

insert into #tmp_lock_who(spid,bl) select 0 ,blocked
from (select * from sysprocesses where blocked>0 ) a
where not exists(select * from (select * from sysprocesses where blocked>0 ) b
where a.blocked=spid)
union select spid,blocked from sysprocesses where blocked>0

IF @@ERROR<>0 RETURN @@ERROR

-- 找到临时表的记录数
select @intCountProperties = Count(*),@intCounter = 1
from #tmp_lock_who

IF @@ERROR<>0 RETURN @@ERROR

if @intCountProperties=0
select '现在没有阻塞和死锁信息' as message

-- 循环开始
while @intCounter <= @intCountProperties
begin
-- 取第一条记录
select @spid = spid,@bl = bl
from #tmp_lock_who where Id = @intCounter
begin
if @spid =0
select '引起数据库死锁的是: '+ CAST(@bl AS VARCHAR(10)) + '进程号,其执行的SQL语法如下'
else
select '进程号SPID：'+ CAST(@spid AS VARCHAR(10))+ '被' + '进程号SPID：'+ CAST(@bl AS VARCHAR(10)) +'阻塞,其当前进程执行的SQL语法如下'
DBCC INPUTBUFFER (@bl )
end

-- 循环指针下移
set @intCounter = @intCounter + 1
end

drop table #tmp_lock_who

return 0
end

--杀死锁和进程

--如何去手动的杀死进程和锁？最简单的办法，重新启动服务。但是这里要介绍一个存储过程，通过显式的调用，可以杀死进程和锁。

use master
go

if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_killspid]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_killspid]
GO

create proc p_killspid
@dbname varchar(200) --要关闭进程的数据库名
as
declare @sql nvarchar(500)
declare @spid nvarchar(20)

declare #tb cursor for
select spid=cast(spid as varchar(20)) from master..sysprocesses where dbid=db_id(@dbname)
open #tb
fetch next from #tb into @spid
while @@fetch_status=0
begin
exec('kill '+@spid)
fetch next from #tb into @spid
end
close #tb
deallocate #tb
go

--用法
exec p_killspid 'newdbpy'

--查看锁信息

--如何查看系统中所有锁的详细信息？在企业管理管理器中，我们可以看到一些进程和锁的信息，这里介绍另外一种方法。

--查看锁信息
create table #t(req_spid int,obj_name sysname)

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
,@rid int,@dbname sysname,@id int,@objname sysname

declare tb cursor for
select distinct req_spid,dbname=db_name(rsc_dbid),rsc_objid
from master..syslockinfo where rsc_type in(4,5)
open tb
fetch next from tb into @rid,@dbname,@id
while @@fetch_status=0
begin
set @s='select @objname=name from ['+@dbname+']..sysobjects where id=@id'
exec sp_executesql @s,N'@objname sysname out,@id int',@objname out,@id
insert into #t values(@rid,@objname)
fetch next from tb into @rid,@dbname,@id
end
close tb
deallocate tb

select 进程id=a.req_spid
,数据库=db_name(rsc_dbid)
,类型=case rsc_type when 1 then 'NULL 资源（未使用）'
when 2 then '数据库'
when 3 then '文件'
when 4 then '索引'
when 5 then '表'
when 6 then '页'
when 7 then '键'
when 8 then '扩展盘区'
when 9 then 'RID（行 ID)'
when 10 then '应用程序'
end
,对象id=rsc_objid
,对象名=b.obj_name
,rsc_indid
from master..syslockinfo a left join #t b on a.req_spid=b.req_spid

go
drop table #t

--第二篇

-- ----------------版本1： 邹建写的 ---------------------------------- -- http://www.blogjava.net/parable-myth/archive/2007/10/15/153010.html sqlserver 解除死锁 if exists ( select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id (N ' [dbo].[p_lockinfo] ' ) and OBJECTPROPERTY (id, N ' IsProcedure ' ) = 1 ) drop procedure [ dbo ] . [ p_lockinfo ] GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO /* --处理死锁 查看当前进程,或死锁进程,并能自动杀掉死进程 因为是针对死的,所以如果有死锁进程,只能查看死锁进程 当然,你可以通过参数控制,不管有没有死锁,都只查看死锁进程 感谢: caiyunxia,jiangopen 两位提供的参考信息 --邹建 2004.4-- */ /* --调用示例 exec p_lockinfo -- */ create proc p_lockinfo @kill_lock_spid bit = 1 , -- 是否杀掉死锁的进程,1 杀掉, 0 仅显示 @show_spid_if_nolock bit = 1 -- 如果没有死锁的进程,是否显示正常进程信息,1 显示,0 不显示 as declare @count int , @s nvarchar ( 1000 ), @i int select id = identity ( int , 1 , 1 ),标志, 进程ID = spid,线程ID = kpid,块进程ID = blocked,数据库ID = dbid, 数据库名 = db_name (dbid),用户ID = uid,用户名 = loginame,累计CPU时间 = cpu, 登陆时间 = login_time,打开事务数 = open_tran, 进程状态 = status, 工作站名 = hostname,应用程序名 = program_name,工作站进程ID = hostprocess, 域名 = nt_domain,网卡地址 = net_address into #t from ( select 标志 = ' 死锁的进程 ' , spid,kpid,a.blocked,dbid,uid,loginame,cpu,login_time,open_tran, status,hostname,program_name,hostprocess,nt_domain,net_address, s1 = a.spid,s2 = 0 from master..sysprocesses a join ( select blocked from master..sysprocesses group by blocked )b on a.spid = b.blocked where a.blocked = 0 union all select ' |_牺牲品_> ' , spid,kpid,blocked,dbid,uid,loginame,cpu,login_time,open_tran, status,hostname,program_name,hostprocess,nt_domain,net_address, s1 = blocked,s2 = 1 from master..sysprocesses a where blocked <> 0 )a order by s1,s2 select @count = @@rowcount , @i = 1 if @count = 0 and @show_spid_if_nolock = 1 begin insert #t select 标志 = ' 正常的进程 ' , spid,kpid,blocked,dbid, db_name (dbid),uid,loginame,cpu,login_time, open_tran,status,hostname,program_name,hostprocess,nt_domain,net_address from master..sysprocesses set @count = @@rowcount end if @count > 0 begin create table #t1(id int identity ( 1 , 1 ),a nvarchar ( 30 ),b Int ,EventInfo nvarchar ( 255 )) if @kill_lock_spid = 1 begin declare @spid varchar ( 10 ), @标志 varchar ( 10 ) while @i <= @count begin select @spid = 进程ID, @标志 = 标志 from #t where id = @i insert #t1 exec ( ' dbcc inputbuffer( ' + @spid + ' ) ' ) if @标志 = ' 死锁的进程 ' exec ( ' kill ' + @spid ) set @i = @i + 1 end end else while @i <= @count begin select @s = ' dbcc inputbuffer( ' + cast (进程ID as varchar ) + ' ) ' from #t where id = @i insert #t1 exec ( @s ) set @i = @i + 1 end select a. * ,进程的SQL语句 = b.EventInfo from #t a join #t1 b on a.id = b.id end GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO -- --------版本2： 我在邹建的基础上改写的(KILL 死锁时间超过15秒的死锁进程 --------------- /* exec p_lockinfo 0,1; */ alter proc p_lockinfo @kill_lock_spid bit = 1 , -- 是否杀掉死锁的进程,1 杀掉, 0 仅显示 @show_spid_if_nolock bit = 1 -- 如果没有死锁的进程,是否显示正常进程信息,1 显示,0 不显示 as declare @count int , @s nvarchar ( 1000 ), @i int select id = identity ( int , 1 , 1 ),标志, 进程ID = spid,线程ID = kpid,块进程ID = blocked,数据库ID = dbid, 数据库名 = db_name (dbid),用户ID = uid,用户名 = loginame,累计CPU时间 = cpu,等待时间 = waittime, 登陆时间 = login_time,打开事务数 = open_tran, 进程状态 = status, 工作站名 = hostname,应用程序名 = program_name,工作站进程ID = hostprocess, 域名 = nt_domain,网卡地址 = net_address into #t from ( select 标志 = ' 死锁的进程 ' , spid,kpid,a.blocked,dbid,uid,loginame,cpu,waittime,login_time,open_tran, status,hostname,program_name,hostprocess,nt_domain,net_address, s1 = a.spid,s2 = 0 from master..sysprocesses a join ( select blocked from master..sysprocesses group by blocked )b on a.spid = b.blocked where a.blocked = 0 union all select ' |_牺牲品_> ' , spid,kpid,blocked,dbid,uid,loginame,cpu,waittime,login_time,open_tran, status,hostname,program_name,hostprocess,nt_domain,net_address, s1 = blocked,s2 = 1 from master..sysprocesses a where blocked <> 0 )a order by s1,s2 select @count = @@rowcount , @i = 1 if @count = 0 and @show_spid_if_nolock = 1 begin insert #t select 标志 = ' 正常的进程 ' , spid,kpid,blocked,dbid, db_name (dbid),uid,loginame,cpu,waittime,login_time, open_tran,status,hostname,program_name,hostprocess,nt_domain,net_address from master..sysprocesses set @count = @@rowcount end if @count > 0 begin create table #t1(id int identity ( 1 , 1 ),a nvarchar ( 30 ),b Int ,EventInfo nvarchar ( 4000 )) if @kill_lock_spid = 1 begin declare @spid varchar ( 10 ), @标志 varchar ( 10 ), @等待时间 int while @i <= @count begin select @spid = 进程ID, @标志 = 标志, @等待时间 = 等待时间 from #t where id = @i insert #t1 exec ( ' dbcc inputbuffer( ' + @spid + ' ) ' ) if @标志 = ' 死锁的进程 ' and @等待时间 >= 15000 exec ( ' kill ' + @spid ) set @i = @i + 1 end end else while @i <= @count begin select @s = ' dbcc inputbuffer( ' + cast (进程ID as varchar ) + ' ) ' from #t where id = @i insert #t1 exec ( @s ) set @i = @i + 1 end select a. * ,进程的SQL语句 = b.EventInfo from #t a join #t1 b on a.id = b.id end GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO