抽象类和接口

    C++中抽象类是带一个或者多个纯虚函数的类，纯虚函数没有函数体。

    接口基础：一组定义了参数和返回类型，没有实现的函数。

    在客户端，客户使用的是接口指针，而不是具体的类指针。

实例：

DLL.dll

// CreditVerification.h
#pragma once

#ifdef _DLL
#define DLLSPEC __declspec (dllexport)
#else
#define DLLSPEC __declspec (dllimport)
#endif

struct ICreditVerification
{
 virtual void SetCardType(char* s) = 0;
 virtual bool VerifyCardNumber(long n) = 0;
};

DLLSPEC ICreditVerification* GetCreditVerificationObject(); 

// CreditVerification.cpp

#define _DLL
#include "creditverification.h"
#include <windows.h>

BOOL APIENTRY DllMain(HANDLE hModule,
 DWORD  ul_reason_for_call, LPVOID lpReserved)
{
    return TRUE;
}

class CCreditVerification : public ICreditVerification
{
private:
 enum CardType {Visa, MasterCard, Amex} m_type;
public:
 void SetCardType(char* s)
 {
  if (0 == strcmp("Visa", s))
   m_type = Visa;
  else if (0 == strcmp("MasterCard", s))
   m_type = MasterCard;
  else m_type = Amex;
 }
 bool VerifyCardNumber(long n)
 {
  if (m_type == Visa)
   return (n % 2);
  else if (m_type == MasterCard)
   return (n % 3);
  else if (m_type == Amex)
   return (n % 5);
  else return false;
 }
};

DLLSPEC ICreditVerification* GetCreditVerificationObject()
{
 return new CCreditVerification;
}

DLLTest.exe

// Test.cpp
#include "CreditVerification.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"DLL.lib")

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
 ICreditVerification* c = GetCreditVerificationObject();
 c->SetCardType("MasterCard");
 if (c->VerifyCardNumber(1234))
  MessageBox(0, "Card Verified", "OK", 0);
 else
  MessageBox(0, "Card Rejected", 0, 0);

 return 0;
}