一,概念
1、定义:是一个开放源代码的对象关系映射框架,它对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装。可以通过操作实体类对象来进行操作数据库。
2、优势:跨越数据库的无缝衔接
二、Hibernate框架的使用:
1、先创建一个Maven项目,将web的版本改为3.1,pom的配置进行修改
pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.T269</groupId>
<artifactId>ZJ_Hibernate</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ZJ_Hibernate Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<servlet.version>4.0.0</servlet.version>
<hibernate.version>5.3.0.Final</hibernate.version>
<mysql.driver.version>8.0.19</mysql.driver.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.driver.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ZJ_Hibernate</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、之后导入Hibernate的相关依赖,创建两个xml文件一个名叫Hibernate.cfg.xml,另一个则是映射文件(按实体类的名字命名 )User.hbm.xml:
Hibernate.cfg.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 1. 数据库相关 -->
<!-- <property name="connection.username">root</property> -->
<!-- <property name="connection.password">123456</property> -->
<!-- <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://47.100.191.44:3308/lx?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8</property> -->
<!-- <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">password</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/zj?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT&useSSL=true</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property> -->
<!-- 配置本地事务(No CurrentSessionContext configured!) -->
<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<!-- 2. 调试相关 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 配置映射文件 -->
<mapping resource="com/zking/one/entity/User.hbm.xml" />
<!-- 主键生成策略 -->
<!-- <mapping resource="com/zking/two/entity/Student.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- <mapping resource="com/zking/two/entity/Worker.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 一对多 -->
<!-- <mapping resource="com/zking/four/entity/Order.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- <mapping resource="com/zking/four/entity/OrderItem.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 一对多的自关联 -->
<!-- <mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/TreeNode.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 多对多 -->
<!-- <mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/Category.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- <mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/Book.hbm.xml" /> -->
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
User.hbm.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.zking.one.entity.User" table="t_hibernate_user">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer" column="id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="userName" type="java.lang.String" column="user_name">
</property>
<property name="userPwd" type="java.lang.String" column="user_pwd">
</property>
<property name="realName" type="java.lang.String" column="real_name">
</property>
<property name="sex" type="java.lang.String" column="sex">
</property>
<property name="birthday" type="java.sql.Date" column="birthday">
</property>
<property insert="false" update="false" name="create_datetime"
type="java.sql.Timestamp" column="create_datetime">
</property>
<property name="remark" type="java.lang.String" column="remark">
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
三、Hibernate的crud:
使用hibernate框架进行操作的七大步骤
1.对框架核心配置文件进行建模
2.获取sessionFctoty工厂
3、获取session会话
4、开启事务(查询不用事务)
5、session操作对象
6、提交事务(查询不用事务)
7、关闭session
1、增加:AddDemo:
public class AddDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/**
* 1.对框架核心配置文件进行建模
* 2.获取sessionFctoty工厂
* 3。获取session会话
* 4、开启事务(查询不用事务)
* 5、session操作对象
* 6、提交事务(查询不用事务)
* 7、关闭session
*
*/
Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
SessionFactory SessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
Session session = SessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction beginTransaction = session.beginTransaction();
User user=new User();
user.setId(19);
user.setBirthday(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));
user.setUserName("zs");
user.setUserPwd("999999999");
user.setCreate_datetime(new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
user.setRealName("陆小凤");
user.setSex("男");
user.setRemark("武侠剧");
session.save(user);
beginTransaction.commit();
session.close();
}
效果展示:
2、删除:DelDemo:
public class DelDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/**
* 1.对框架核心配置文件进行建模
* 2.获取sessionFactory工厂
* 3.获取session会话
* 4.开启事务(查询不需要事务)
* 5.session操作对象
* 6.提交事务(查询不需要事务)
* 7.关闭session
*/
Configuration configure=new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
SessionFactory sessionFactory= configure.buildSessionFactory();
Session session =sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
/*第一种:查询出来,删掉
* User user = session.get(User.class,58);
session.delete(user);*/
//第二种:new一个对象,删掉
User user=new User();
user.setId(34);
session.delete(user);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
3、修改:EditDemo:
public class EditDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/**
* 1.对框架核心配置文件进行建模
* 2.获取sessionFactory工厂
* 3.获取session会话
* 4.开启事务(查询不需要事务)
* 5.session操作对象
* 6.提交事务(查询不需要事务)
* 7.关闭session
*/
Configuration configure=new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
SessionFactory sessionFactory= configure.buildSessionFactory();
Session session =sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
User user = session.get(User.class,14);
user.setRealName("hhhh");
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
4、查询:QueryDemo:
public class QueryDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/**
* 1.对框架核心配置文件进行建模
* 2.获取sessionFactory工厂
* 3.获取session会话
* 4.开启事务(查询不需要事务)
* 5.session操作对象
* 6.提交事务(查询不需要事务)
* 7.关闭session
*/
Configuration configure=new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
SessionFactory sessionFactory= configure.buildSessionFactory();
Session session =sessionFactory.openSession();
List list = session.createQuery("form User").list();
for (Object object : list) {
System.out.println(object);
}
session.close();
}
效果展示: