MTD原始设备源码

mtd.h

MTD_CHAR_MAJOR

#define MTD_CHAR_MAJOR 90         MTD字符设备的主设备号

#define MTD_BLOCK_MAJOR 31       MTD块设备的主设备号

MAX_MTD_DEVICES

#define MAX_MTD_DEVICES 16       最大MTD原始设备数

 

 

mtd_info

表示MTD原始设备的结构，每个分区也被实现为一个mtd_info，如果有两个MTD原始设备，每个上有三个分区，在系统中就一共有6个mtd_info结构，这些mtd_info的指针被存放在名为mtd_table的数组里。

struct mtd_info {         

       u_char type;          内存技术的类型

       u_int32_t flags;      标志位

       u_int32_t size; // Total size of the MTD             mtd设备的大小

 

       /* "Major" erase size for the device. Na飗e users may take this

        * to be the only erase size available, or may use the more detailed

        * information below if they desire

        */

       u_int32_t erasesize;“主要的”erasesize（同一个mtd设备可能有数种不同的erasesize）

 

       u_int32_t oobblock;  // Size of OOB blocks (e.g. 512)             oob块大小

       u_int32_t oobsize;   // Amount of OOB data per block (e.g. 16)              oob特别数据大小

       u_int32_t ecctype;         ecc类型

       u_int32_t eccsize;          自动ecc可以工作的范围

 

       // Kernel-only stuff starts here.

       char *name;

       int index;

 

       /* Data for variable erase regions. If numeraseregions is zero,

        * it means that the whole device has erasesize as given above.

        */不同的erasesize的区域

       int numeraseregions; 不同erasesize的区域的数目（通常是1）

       struct mtd_erase_region_info *eraseregions;

 

       /* This really shouldn't be here. It can go away in 2.5 */

       u_int32_t bank_size;

 

       struct module *module;

       int (*erase) (struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr);

                     此routine用于将一个erase_info加入erase queue

       /* This stuff for eXecute-In-Place */

       int (*point) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char **mtdbuf);

 

       /* We probably shouldn't allow XIP if the unpoint isn't a NULL */

       void (*unpoint) (struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char * addr);

 

 

       int (*read) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf);

       int (*write) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf);

 

       int (*read_ecc) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf, u_char *eccbuf);

       int (*write_ecc) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf, u_char *eccbuf);

 

       int (*read_oob) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf);

       int (*write_oob) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf);

 

       /* iovec-based read/write methods. We need these especially for NAND flash,

          with its limited number of write cycles per erase.

          NB: The 'count' parameter is the number of _vectors_, each of

          which contains an (ofs, len) tuple.

       */

       int (*readv) (struct mtd_info *mtd, struct iovec *vecs, unsigned long count, loff_t from, size_t *retlen);

       int (*writev) (struct mtd_info *mtd, const struct iovec *vecs, unsigned long count, loff_t to, size_t *retlen);

 

       /* Sync */

       void (*sync) (struct mtd_info *mtd);

 

       /* Chip-supported device locking */

       int (*lock) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, size_t len);

       int (*unlock) (struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, size_t len);

 

       /* Power Management functions */

       int (*suspend) (struct mtd_info *mtd);

       void (*resume) (struct mtd_info *mtd);

 

       void *priv;                    //指向map_info结构

}

 

mtd_info.type的取值

#define MTD_ABSENT        0

#define MTD_RAM                     1

#define MTD_ROM                     2

#define MTD_NORFLASH           3

#define MTD_NANDFLASH        4

#define MTD_PEROM          5

#define MTD_OTHER          14

#define MTD_UNKNOWN           15

 

mtd_info.flags的取值

#define MTD_CLEAR_BITS        1       // Bits can be cleared (flash)

#define MTD_SET_BITS             2       // Bits can be set

#define MTD_ERASEABLE          4       // Has an erase function

#define MTD_WRITEB_WRITEABLE 8       // Direct IO is possible

#define MTD_VOLATILE            16      // Set for RAMs

#define MTD_XIP                32    // eXecute-In-Place possible

#define MTD_OOB                     64    // Out-of-band data (NAND flash)

#define MTD_ECC               128  // Device capable of automatic ECC

 

// Some common devices / combinations of capabilities

#define MTD_CAP_ROM            0

#define MTD_CAP_RAM             (MTD_CLEAR_BITS|MTD_SET_BITS|MTD_WRITEB_WRITEABLE)

#define MTD_CAP_NORFLASH        (MTD_CLEAR_BITS|MTD_ERASEABLE)

#define MTD_CAP_NANDFLASH       (MTD_CLEAR_BITS|MTD_ERASEABLE|MTD_OOB)

#define MTD_WRITEABLE         (MTD_CLEAR_BITS|MTD_SET_BITS)

 

mtd_info.ecctype的取值

#define MTD_ECC_NONE           0     // No automatic ECC available

#define MTD_ECC_RS_DiskOnChip    1     // Automatic ECC on DiskOnChip

#define MTD_ECC_SW        2     // SW ECC for Toshiba & Samsung devices

 

erase_info

表示erase动作的结构，由设备层调用mtd_info->erase函数传递给原始设备层

struct erase_info {        

       struct mtd_info *mtd;    被操作的MTD原始设备

       u_int32_t addr;              被操作的地址（byte）

       u_int32_t len;                长度

       u_long time;

       u_long retries;

       u_int dev;

       u_int cell;

       void (*callback) (struct erase_info *self);   

callback函数指针，当erase结束后该函数被调用

       u_long priv;                  user模块提供的private数据

       u_char state;                 当前状态

       struct erase_info *next;  erase队列中的下一个erase_info

};

 

erase_info.state的取值

#define MTD_ERASE_PENDING          0x01

#define MTD_ERASING                                   0x02

#define MTD_ERASE_SUSPEND               0x04

#define MTD_ERASE_DONE             0x08

#define MTD_ERASE_FAILED            0x10

驱动模块在erase要求进入erase 队列时将state设置为MTD_ERASE_PENDING，当callback被调用时设置为MTD_ERASE_DONE或MTD_ERASE_FAILED。

 

 

mtd_notifier

MTD通知器（这个名字很古怪，但我找不到更好的词来翻译），加入/删除MTD设备和原始设备时调用的函数，在设备层，当MTD字符设备或块设备注册时，如果定义了CONFIG_DEVFS_FS，则会将一个mtd_notifier加入MTD原始设备层的mtd_notifiers链表，其中的函数会在两种情况下被调用,一是加入/删除新的MTD字符/块设备时，此时调用该MTD字符/块设备的notifier对下层所有的MTD原始设备操作一遍，二是加入/删除新的MTD原始设备时，此时调用所有的notifier对该原始设备执行一遍。

struct mtd_notifier {                   

void (*add)(struct mtd_info *mtd);      加入时调用

void (*remove)(struct mtd_info *mtd); 删除时调用

       struct mtd_notifier *next;      指向mtd_notifiers队列中的下一个mtd_notifier

};