Linux安装python

Python安装

1、下载安装包

官网地址：https://www.python.org/

2、安装依赖

 yum -y update
 yum install -y gcc patch libffi-devel python-devel  zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
 yum install readline-devel sqlite-devel bzip2-devel.i686 openssl-devel.i686 gdbm-devel.i686 libdbi-devel.i686 ncurses-libs zlib-devel.i686 -y
 yum groupinstall "Development Tools" -y

3、安装openssl1.1.1[python3.10需要openssl11以上]

yum remove openssl -y                                                                   # 将原openssl卸载
wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1q.tar.gz
tar zxvf openssl-1.1.1q.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.1.1q
./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl                                                     # 将openssl安装到/usr/local/openssl下
make -j4 && make install               
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/openssl/bin' >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile   # 将openssl bin加入环境变量
echo '/usr/local/openssl/lib' >> /etc/ld.so.conf && ldconfig /etc/ld.so.conf             # 将openssl动态库加载到系统

4、规避make时报generate-posix-vars failed错误

export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
写入/etc/profile并source /etc/profile

cat >>/etc/profile<<EOF
export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
EOF
source /etc/profile

5、进行安装【推荐使用gcc8以上。参考：https://blog.csdn.net/y1009559496/article/details/132099565?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502】

解压tar包并进入python目录

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.4/Python-3.11.4.tgz
tar zxvf Python-3.11.4.tgz && cd Python-3.11.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl --enable-optimizations --with-openssl-rpath=auto  
make -j4 && make install
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/python3/bin' >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile

6、配置pip3源

mkdir ~/.pip
cat > ~/.pip/pip.conf <<EOF
[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
EOF