SpringBoot入门（三）—— redis的使用

一、pom.xml中加入redis依赖。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.springboot.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringBootDemo</artifactId>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>SpringBootDemo Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- test -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jdbc -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jpa -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mysql -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- redis -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>SpringBootDemo</finalName>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

二、 定义redis配置类

@Configuration
public class RedisConfiguration {

    @Autowired
    private RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory;

    @Bean
    public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisTemplate<String ,Object> redisTemplate) {
        CacheManager cacheManager = new RedisCacheManager(redisTemplate);
        return cacheManager;
    }

    /***
     * 默认jdk序列方式，一般存储对象
     * @param factory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
        return redisTemplate;
    }

    /**
     * 默认String序列方式，一般存储String
     * @param factory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
        StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate = new StringRedisTemplate();
        stringRedisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
        return stringRedisTemplate;
    }
}

三、定义redis业务实现类

@Service
public class RedisService {
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String ,Object> redisTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    /**
     * 往redis中存对象
     * @param key
     * @param obj
     */
    public void putRedis(String key,Object obj){
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key,obj);
    }

    /**
     * 从redis中取对象
     * @param key
     * @return
     */
    public Object popRedis(String key){
        return redisTemplate.boundValueOps(key).get();
    }

    /**
     * 往redis中存String
     * @param key
     * @param value
     */
    public void putString(String key,String value){
        stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key,value);
    }

    /**
     * 从redis中取String
     * @param key
     * @return
     */
    public String popString(String key){
        return stringRedisTemplate.boundValueOps(key).get();
    }
}

四、在controller中定义往redis中存数据和从redis中取数据的方法

@RestController
public class SampleController {
    @Autowired
    private RedisService redisService;

    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    @GetMapping("/home")
    public String home(){
        return "Hello Spring Boot!";
    }

    @GetMapping("/putString")
    public void putString(String key,String value){
        redisService.putString(key,value);
    }

    @GetMapping("/popString")
    public String popString(String key){
        String value = redisService.popString(key);
        if(value == null || "".equals(value)){
            value = userDao.findByUserName(key).getPassword();
        }
        return value;
    }
}

五、dos下切换到redis安装目录，使用redis-server.exe redis.windows.conf命令启动redis

六、启动springboot应用，在postman下首先访问localhost:8081/SpringBootDemo/popString?key=zhangsan，可以看到取出的是数据库中存放的值654321。

接下来访问localhost:8081/SpringBootDemo/putString?key=zhangsan&value=123456，将数据放到redis缓存中。

此时再次访问localhost:8081/SpringBootDemo/popString?key=zhangsan时，可以看到数据是从redis缓存中取的。

番外篇：

基于注解实现，1.@Cacheable:应用到读取数据的方法上，先从缓存中读取，没有再从数据库中获取，然后把数据添加到缓存中。2.@CachePut:应用到写数据的方法上，如新增/修改，在数据发生改变时会自动把相应数据放入缓存。@CacheEvict:应用到删除数据的方法上，当删除数据时会相应从redis缓存中删除。