springboot如何注册web三大组件

1.web三大组件包含哪些？

（1） Servlet

（2） Filter: 过滤器

（3） Listener ：监听器

由于springboot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的servlet容器来启动springboot的web应用，没有web.xml文件。注册三大组件用以下方式：

（1）Servlet注册，先创建一个自定义的servlet类

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {


    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("经过了doGet方法");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("经过了doPost方法");
    }
}

然后创建一个配置类，注册Servlet到Springboot容器中，Servlet要添加进容器需要以ServletRegistrationBean的形式，

@Configuration //表示该类为配置类  等价于spring的配置文件 
public class MyConfig {


    @Bean //ServletRegistrationBean serlvet的注册器  <bean class="">
    public ServletRegistrationBean servletBean(){

        ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean=new ServletRegistrationBean();
        servletRegistrationBean.setServlet(new MyServlet());
        servletRegistrationBean.setName("myServlet");
        servletRegistrationBean.addUrlMappings("/my");
        return servletRegistrationBean;

    }
}

（2）注册Filter，创建一个自定义的过滤器类，Fliter要添加进容器需要以FilterRegistrationBean的形式，

public class MyFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("~~~~~经过了过滤器");

        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);//放行
    }
}

注册该过滤器到Springboot容器中

    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean filterBean(){
        FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean=new FilterRegistrationBean();
        filterRegistrationBean.setName("myFilter");
        filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
        filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*");
        return filterRegistrationBean;
    }

（3）注册Listener，创建一个自定义的监听器类

public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener {
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("开始监听");
    }

    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("结束监听");
    }

注册该监听器到Springboot容器中，Listener添加进容器需要以ServletListenerRegistrationBean的形式

    @Bean
    public ServletListenerRegistrationBean listenerBean(){
        ServletListenerRegistrationBean servletListenerRegistrationBean=new ServletListenerRegistrationBean();
        servletListenerRegistrationBean.setListener(new MyListener());
        return servletListenerRegistrationBean;
    }