Java Swing（二）

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-04 16:56:37 发布

jinangailiuzi

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-04 16:56:37 发布

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jinangailiuzi

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/y20190609/article/details/104014541

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一、界面组件

布局
流式布局：所有组件都放在一行上（居中显示），若一行空间不够，就显示在下一行。
边框布局：分为东、西、南、北、中，与流布局不同，边框布局会扩展所有组件的尺寸以便填满可用空间。
网格布局：像电子数据表一样，按行列排列所有组件，它的每个单元大小都是也一样的。

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(() ->{
            JFrame frame = new JFrame();
            frame.setContentPane(new CalculatorPanel());
            frame.setSize(300, 200);
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        });
    }



    private JButton display;
    private JPanel panel;
    private double result;
    private String lastCommand;
    private boolean start;

    public CalculatorPanel() {
        setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        result = 0;
        lastCommand = "=";
        start = true;

        display = new JButton("0");
        display.setEnabled(true);
        add(display, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
        ActionListener command = new CommandAction();

        panel = new JPanel();
        panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

        addButton("7", insert);
        addButton("8", insert);
        addButton("9", insert);
        addButton("/", command);

        addButton("4", insert);
        addButton("5", insert);
        addButton("6", insert);
        addButton("*", command);

        addButton("1", insert);
        addButton("2", insert);
        addButton("3", insert);
        addButton("-", command);

        addButton("0", insert);
        addButton(".", insert);
        addButton("=", command);
        addButton("+", command);

        add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    }

    private void addButton(String label, ActionListener ac) {
        JButton button = new JButton(label);
        button.addActionListener(ac);
        panel.add(button);
    }

    private class InsertAction implements ActionListener {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
            String input = event.getActionCommand();
            if (start) {
                display.setText("");
                start = false;
            }
            display.setText(display.getText() + input);
        }
    }

    private class CommandAction implements ActionListener {
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            String command = e.getActionCommand();
            if(start) {
                if (command.equals("-")) {
                    display.setText(command);
                    start = false;
                } else {
                    lastCommand = command;
                }
            } else {
                calculate(Double.parseDouble(display.getText()));
                lastCommand = command;
                start = true;
            }
        }

        public void calculate(double x) {
            if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
            else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
            else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
            else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
            else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;

            display.setText("" + result);
        }
    }
}

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文本输入
文本域JTextField、文本区JTextArea、密码域JPassword，获取（get）、设置（set）操作文本方法，例如getText()，setText(String text)，isEditable()，setEditable(boolean b)是否允许编辑。
标签JLabel显示文本和图标。
密码域JPassword，用户输入的字符不显示出来，每个输入的字符都用回显字符（echo character）表示，典型的回显字符是（*），可以设置setEchoChar(char echo)。
文本区JTextArea，输入回车"/n"换行，开启自动换行setLineWrap(true)。配合滚动窗格JScrollPane，如果文本超出了文本区可以显示的范围，滚动条就会自动出现，并且在删除部分文本后，当文本能够显示在文本区范围内时，
JEditorPane可以显示格式化文本，例如HTML。

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TextComponentFrame extends JFrame {
    public static final int TEXTAREA_ROWS = 8;
    public static final int TEXTAREA_COLUMNS = 20;

    public TextComponentFrame() {
        JTextField textField = new JFormattedTextField();
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();

        JPanel northPanel = new JPanel();
        northPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2));
        northPanel.add(new JLabel("User name:", SwingConstants.RIGHT));
        northPanel.add(textField);
        northPanel.add(new JLabel("Password:", SwingConstants.RIGHT));
        northPanel.add(passwordField);


        add(northPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(TEXTAREA_ROWS, TEXTAREA_COLUMNS);
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        JPanel southPanel = new JPanel();
        JButton insertButton = new JButton("Insert");
        southPanel.add(insertButton);
        insertButton.addActionListener(event -> {
            textArea.append("User name: " + textField.getText() + " Password: "
                    + new String(passwordField.getPassword()) + "\n");
        });

        add(southPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        pack();
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(()-> {
            TextComponentFrame frame = new TextComponentFrame();
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        });
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

选择组件
复选框JCheckBox，setSelected方法设置选定或取消选定，isSelected返回是否选中

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class CheckBoxFrame extends JFrame {
    private JLabel label;
    private JCheckBox bold;
    private JCheckBox italic;
    private static final int FONTSIZE = 24;

    public CheckBoxFrame() {
        label = new JLabel("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
        label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.BOLD, FONTSIZE));
        add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        ActionListener listener = event -> {
            int mode = 0;
            if (bold.isSelected()) mode += Font.BOLD;
            if (italic.isSelected()) mode += Font.ITALIC;
            label.setFont(new Font("Serif", mode, FONTSIZE));
        };

        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();

        bold = new JCheckBox("Bold");
        bold.addActionListener(listener);
        bold.setSelected(true);
        buttonPanel.add(bold);

        italic = new JCheckBox("Italic");
        italic.addActionListener(listener);
        buttonPanel.add(italic);

        add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        pack();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(()-> {
            CheckBoxFrame frame = new CheckBoxFrame();
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        });
    }

}

在这里插入图片描述

单选框JRadioBox


package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class RadioButtonFrame extends JFrame {
    private JPanel buttonPanel;
    private ButtonGroup group;
    private JLabel label;
    private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 36;

    public RadioButtonFrame() {
        label = new JLabel("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
        label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, DEFAULT_SIZE));
        add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        buttonPanel = new JPanel();
        group = new ButtonGroup();

        addRadioButton("Small", 18);
        addRadioButton("Medium", 12);
        addRadioButton("Large", 18);
        addRadioButton("Extra large", 36);

        add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        pack();

    }

    private void addRadioButton(String name, int size) {
        boolean selected = size == DEFAULT_SIZE;
        JRadioButton button = new JRadioButton(name, selected);
        group.add(button);
        buttonPanel.add(button);

        ActionListener listener = event -> label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, size));
        button.addActionListener(listener);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
            RadioButtonFrame frame = new RadioButtonFrame();
            frame.setTitle("radioButton Test");
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        });
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述
下拉列表JComboBox

package gui;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class ComboBoxFrame extends JFrame {
    private JComboBox<String> faceCombo;
    private JLabel label;
    private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 24;

    public ComboBoxFrame() {
        label = new JLabel("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
        label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, DEFAULT_SIZE));
        add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        faceCombo = new JComboBox<>();
        faceCombo.addItem("Serif");
        faceCombo.addItem("SansSerif");
        faceCombo.addItem("Monospaced");
        faceCombo.addItem("Dialog");
        faceCombo.addItem("DialogInput");

        faceCombo.addActionListener(event -> {
            label.setFont(new Font(faceCombo.getItemAt(faceCombo.getSelectedIndex()), Font.PLAIN,
                    DEFAULT_SIZE));
           
        });
        JPanel comboPanel = new JPanel();
        comboPanel.add(faceCombo);
        add(comboPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        pack();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
            ComboBoxFrame frame = new ComboBoxFrame();
            frame.setTitle("ComboBox Test");
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        });
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

菜单
窗口顶部为菜单栏（menu bar），下拉菜单项（menu items）和子菜单（submenus）,各个菜单项的分隔符（addSeparator）。
菜单项又有复选框和单选钮：

弹出菜单：
JPopupMenu popup = new JPopupMenu();
popup.show(panel, x, y);// 必须调用show方法显示
component.setComponentPopupMenu(popup);// 设置某一组件弹出菜单
对话框
1）选择对话框（JOptionPane)
showMessageDialog只有确认/showConfirmDialog选择确定或者取消/showOptionDialog定制选项/showInputDialog提示输入一行文本

        Object[] options = {"OK", "CANCEL", "OTHERS", "APPEND"};
        JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(null, "Click OK to continue", "Warning",
                JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION, JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE,
                null, options, options[0]);