MySQL-常用函数

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-20 15:48:57 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-20 15:48:57 发布

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分类专栏： mysql 文章标签： mysql 函数

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/y472360651/article/details/87890458

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常用关键字

binary: 强制区分大小写。我们知道MySQL是不区分大小写的，我们可以使用binary关键字来强制MySQL区分大小写

mysql> select username from user where username = 'laozhang';
+----------+
| username |
+----------+
| laozhang |
| laozhang |
| LAOZHANG |
+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select username from user where binary username = 'laozhang';
+----------+
| username |
+----------+
| laozhang |
| laozhang |
+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

distinct: 最小化输出，每个唯一的输出记录一次。若搜索多列数据，则组合输出的唯一记录一次，并且无需在每列中添加关键字distinct！

mysql> select username from user;
+----------+
| username |
+----------+
| laozhang |
| laoyang  |
| laowang  |
| laohe    |
| laozhang |
| laoli    |
| laoliang |
| laoyang  |
+----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select distinct username from user;
+----------+
| username |
+----------+
| laozhang |
| laoyang  |
| laowang  |
| laohe    |
| laoli    |
| laoliang |
+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

interval: 间隔

# 2018-11-11加1个月
mysql> select "2018-11-11" + interval 1 month as date;
+------------+
| date       |
+------------+
| 2018-12-11 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select "2018-11-11" - interval 1 month;
+---------------------------------+
| "2018-11-11" - interval 1 month |
+---------------------------------+
| 2018-10-11                      |
+---------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

常用函数

version(): 获取当前MySQL版本

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.7.18    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

user(): 获取当前登录用户

mysql> select user();
+----------------+
| user()         |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

last_insert_id(): 获取上一次插入得到的ID

mysql> insert into student(name, age) values("laoliang", 20);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> select last_insert_id();
+------------------+
| last_insert_id() |
+------------------+
|               10 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

coalesce(value, …): 返回列表中的第一个非空值，如果没有非空值，则返回null

# 如果age为空，则取score，若score也为空，则返回1
mysql> select coalesce(age, score, 1) from student;

greatest(value1, value2, …): 使用两个或多个参数，返回最大值，若参数中包含null，则返回null。使用如下：

mysql> select greatest(1, 2, 0, 4, 3);
+-------------------------+
| greatest(1, 2, 0, 4, 3) |
+-------------------------+
|                       4 |
+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select greatest(1, 2, 0, null, 3);
+----------------------------+
| greatest(1, 2, 0, null, 3) |
+----------------------------+
|                       NULL |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

isnull(expr): 判断expr是否为null，为null返回1，不为空返回0，使用如下：

mysql> select isnull(1 + 1), isnull(1 / 0), isnull(null);
+---------------+---------------+--------------+
| isnull(1 + 1) | isnull(1 / 0) | isnull(null) |
+---------------+---------------+--------------+
|             0 |             1 |            1 |
+---------------+---------------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

interval(N, N1, N2, N3, …): 如果N < N1则返回0，N < N2返回1，N < N3则返回2，以此类推。使用如下：

mysql> select interval(1, 2, 3, 4, 5), interval(2, 2, 3, 4, 5), interval(3, 2, 3, 4, 5), interval(4, 2, 3, 4, 5);
+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| interval(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) | interval(2, 2, 3, 4, 5) | interval(3, 2, 3, 4, 5) | interval(4, 2, 3, 4, 5) |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
|                       0 |                       1 |                       2 |                       3 |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

least(value1, value2, …): 使用两个或多个参数，返回最小值参数。如果有任何参数为null，则结果为null。使用如下：

mysql> select least(1, 0.1, 2, 4, 3);
+------------------------+
| least(1, 0.1, 2, 4, 3) |
+------------------------+
|                    0.1 |
+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select least(1, 0.1, 2, 4, null);
+---------------------------+
| least(1, 0.1, 2, 4, null) |
+---------------------------+
|                      NULL |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

concat(str1, str2, …): 返回参数连接所产生的字符串，如果参数包含null，则返回null。使用如下：

mysql> select concat(19.04, 'laozhang'), concat(19.04), concat('a', 'b', null, 'c');
+---------------------------+---------------+-----------------------------+
| concat(19.04, 'laozhang') | concat(19.04) | concat('a', 'b', null, 'c') |
+---------------------------+---------------+-----------------------------+
| 19.04laozhang             | 19.04         | NULL                        |
+---------------------------+---------------+-----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

concat_ws(separator, str1, str2, …): 一个特殊形式的concat，第一个参数为分隔符。使用如下：

mysql> select concat_ws(",", 19.04, 'hhaha');
+--------------------------------+
| concat_ws(",", 19.04, 'hhaha') |
+--------------------------------+
| 19.04,hhaha                    |
+--------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

elt(n, str1, str2, …): 返回字符串列表中的第n个字符串，如n=1，则返回str1，如n=2，则返回str2，以此类推。使用如下：

mysql> select elt(1, 'a', 'c', 'd', 'b'), elt(2, 'a', 'c', 'd', 'b'), elt(0, 'a', 'c', 'd', 'b');
+----------------------------+----------------------------+----------------------------+
| elt(1, 'a', 'c', 'd', 'b') | elt(2, 'a', 'c', 'd', 'b') | elt(0, 'a', 'c', 'd', 'b') |
+----------------------------+----------------------------+----------------------------+
| a                          | c                          | NULL                       |
+----------------------------+----------------------------+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

field(str, str1, str2, str3, str4, …): 如果str=str1，返回1，str=str2，返回2，以此类推；如果str为null，则返回0, 如果未找到相等的也等于0。使用如下：

mysql> select field('a', 'a', 'c', 'b'), field('b', 'a', 'c', 'b'), field('d', 'a', 'c', 'b'), field(null, 'a', 'c', 'b', null);
+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------------+
| field('a', 'a', 'c', 'b') | field('b', 'a', 'c', 'b') | field('d', 'a', 'c', 'b') | field(null, 'a', 'c', 'b', null) |
+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------------+
|                         1 |                         3 |                         0 |                                0 |
+---------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

find_in_set(str, strlist): 获取str串在strlist字符串的位置，1为起始位置，找不到返回0；strlist为多个字符串以逗号隔开连接的字符串；如果str或者strlist中有一个为空，则返回空。使用如下：

mysql> select find_in_set("a", "a,b,c"), find_in_set("d", "a,b,c"), find_in_set(null, "a,b,c");
+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| find_in_set("a", "a,b,c") | find_in_set("d", "a,b,c") | find_in_set(null, "a,b,c") |
+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------+
|                         1 |                         0 |                       NULL |
+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

format(x, d): 格式化字符串，返回一个字符串，d为保留的小数位数。使用如下：

mysql> select format(19.04, 1), format(19.05, 1);
+------------------+------------------+
| format(19.04, 1) | format(19.05, 1) |
+------------------+------------------+
| 19.0             | 19.1             |
+------------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

insert(str, pos, len, newstr): 返回字符串str, 在pos开始长度为len的字符替换成为newstr。如果pos不在字符串的长度内，则返回原始字符串；如果pos开始len长度中，不在字符串的长度内，则从位置替换字符串的其余部分。使用如下：

mysql> select insert("123456", 2, 2, "what"), insert("123456", -1, 4, "what"), insert("123456", 2, 6, "what");
+--------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| insert("123456", 2, 2, "what") | insert("123456", -1, 4, "what") | insert("123456", 2, 6, "what") |
+--------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| 1what456                       | 123456                          | 1what                          |
+--------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

instr(str, substr): 返回substr字符串在str字符串中第一次出现的位置，不存在返回0。使用如下：

mysql> select instr('basketball', 'ball'), instr('football', 'basket');
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| instr('basketball', 'ball') | instr('football', 'basket') |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|                           7 |                           0 |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

lcase(str): 将str的小写形式返回，与lower()作用一样。使用如下：

mysql> select lcase('JDK'), lcase(''), lcase(null);
+--------------+-----------+-------------+
| lcase('JDK') | lcase('') | lcase(null) |
+--------------+-----------+-------------+
| jdk          |           | NULL        |
+--------------+-----------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

left(str, len): 在str字符串中从最左边开始截取len个字符返回，str或len为null，则返回null。使用如下：

mysql> select left("abcdefg", 2), left("abcdefg", -2), left("abcdefg", null), left(null, 2);
+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+
| left("abcdefg", 2) | left("abcdefg", -2) | left("abcdefg", null) | left(null, 2) |
+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+
| ab                 |                     | NULL                  | NULL          |
+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------------+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

length(str): 获取str字符串的长度，str为null则返回null，使用如下：

mysql> select length('abcdefg'), length(null), length(0);
+-------------------+--------------+-----------+
| length('abcdefg') | length(null) | length(0) |
+-------------------+--------------+-----------+
|                 7 |         NULL |         1 |
+-------------------+--------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

locate(substr, str), locate(substr, str, pos): 第一种：获取substr在str中第一次出现的位置；第二种：获取substr在str中从pos位置开始第一次出现的位置。如果substr不存在，则返回0，如果substr活着str为null，则返回null。第一种方式功能等同于instr。使用如下：

mysql> select locate('asd', '123asd123asd'), locate('df', '123asd123asd'), locate(null, '123asd123asd'), locate('df', null), locate('asd', '123asd123asd', 11);
+-------------------------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------------+
| locate('asd', '123asd123asd') | locate('df', '123asd123asd') | locate(null, '123asd123asd') | locate('df', null) | locate('asd', '123asd123asd', 11) |
+-------------------------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------------+
|                             4 |                            0 |                         NULL |               NULL |                                 0 |
+-------------------------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

lower(str): 将str字符串的小写形式返回，使用如下：

mysql> select lower('JDK'), lower(''), lower(null);
+--------------+-----------+-------------+
| lower('JDK') | lower('') | lower(null) |
+--------------+-----------+-------------+
| jdk          |           | NULL        |
+--------------+-----------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ltrim(str): 去除字符串str左边的空格后返回，使用如下：

mysql> select ltrim('   foot ball  ');
+-------------------------+
| ltrim('   foot ball  ') |
+-------------------------+
| foot ball               |
+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mid(str, pos, len): 字符串截取，从pos位置开始，截取len个长度，效果与substring()方法一样。使用如下：

mysql> select mid('hello world', 1, 5), mid('hello world', 3, 6);
+--------------------------+--------------------------+
| mid('hello world', 1, 5) | mid('hello world', 3, 6) |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+
| hello                    | llo wo                   |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

position(substr in str): 获取substr在str字符串中第一次出现的位置。效果与locate()和instr()方法一样，使用如下：

mysql> select position('asd' in '123asd123asd'), position('df' in '123asd123asd'), position(null in '123asd123asd'), position('asd' in null);
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| position('asd' in '123asd123asd') | position('df' in '123asd123asd') | position(null in '123asd123asd') | position('asd' in null) |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------+
|                                 4 |                                0 |                             NULL |                    NULL |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

repeat(str, count): 返回由str重复count次数的字符串组成的新字符串。如果count小于或等于0，将返回空字符串；str或count为null，则返回null，使用如下：

mysql> select repeat('mysql', 3), repeat('mysql', -1), repeat('mysql', 0), repeat(null, 2), repeat('mysql', null);
+--------------------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-----------------------+
| repeat('mysql', 3) | repeat('mysql', -1) | repeat('mysql', 0) | repeat(null, 2) | repeat('mysql', null) |
+--------------------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-----------------------+
| mysqlmysqlmysql    |                     |                    | NULL            | NULL                  |
+--------------------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

replace(str, from_str, to_str): 将str字符串中的所有from_str替换成为to_str后返回。如果from_str不在str字符串中存在，则原样返回；如果str、from_str和to_str中有一个字符串为null，则返回null。使用如下：

mysql> select replace('123asd123asd', 'asd', 'ggg'), replace('123asd123asd', '-1', '30'), replace(null, 'asd', 'ggg'), replace('123asd123asd', null, 'ggg'), replace('123asd123sad', 'asd', null);
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| replace('123asd123asd', 'asd', 'ggg') | replace('123asd123asd', '-1', '30') | replace(null, 'asd', 'ggg') | replace('123asd123asd', null, 'ggg') | replace('123asd123sad', 'asd', null) |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 123ggg123ggg                          | 123asd123asd                        | NULL                        | NULL                                 | NULL                                 |
+---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

reverse(str): 反转。使用如下：

mysql> select reverse('abc'), reverse('123');
+----------------+----------------+
| reverse('abc') | reverse('123') |
+----------------+----------------+
| cba            | 321            |
+----------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

right(str, len): 返回str字符串中最右边的len长度的字符。如果len不在str字符串的长度内，则返回空字符串；如果str或者count为null，则返回null。使用如下：

mysql> select right('football', 4), right('football', 0), right('football', -1), right('football', 10), right('football', null), right(null, 4);
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------+----------------+
| right('football', 4) | right('football', 0) | right('football', -1) | right('football', 10) | right('football', null) | right(null, 4) |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------+----------------+
| ball                 |                      |                       | football              | NULL                    | NULL           |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

rtrim(str): 去除str字符串右边的空格而后返回，str为null则返回null。使用如下：

mysql> select rtrim('foot ball  '), rtrim(null);
+----------------------+-------------+
| rtrim('foot ball  ') | rtrim(null) |
+----------------------+-------------+
| foot ball            | NULL        |
+----------------------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

space(n): 返回n个空格，如果n为null则返回null。使用如下：

mysql> select space(5), space(null);
+----------+-------------+
| space(5) | space(null) |
+----------+-------------+
|          | NULL        |
+----------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

substring(str, pos), substring(str from pos), substring(str, pos, len), substring(str from pos for len): 字符串截取，如果len小于1，将会返回空字符串
- substring(str, pos)：在pos位置开始截取，到末尾
- substring(str from pos)：在pos位置开始截取，到末尾
- substring(str, pos, len)：在pos位置开始截取，截取len个长度
- substring(str from pos for len)：在pos位置开始截取，截取len个长度

mysql> select substring('abcdefg', 2), substring('abcdefg' from 2), substring('abcdefg', 2, 2), substring('abcdefg' from 2 for 2);
+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| substring('abcdefg', 2) | substring('abcdefg' from 2) | substring('abcdefg', 2, 2) | substring('abcdefg' from 2 for 2) |
+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| bcdefg                  | bcdefg                      | bc                         | bc                                |
+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

substr(str, pos), substr(str from pos), substr(str, pos, len), substr(str from pos for len)：字符串截取，效果与substring()一样
substring_index(str, delim, count)：str字符串中delim出现count次位置开始截取，如果count为正数，往左边截取；如果为负数，往右边开始截取；如果为零，则返回空字符串。使用如下：

mysql> select substring_index('www.baidu.com', '.', 2), substring_index('www.baidu.com', '.', '-2'), substring_index('www.baidu.com', '.', 0);
+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| substring_index('www.baidu.com', '.', 2) | substring_index('www.baidu.com', '.', '-2') | substring_index('www.baidu.com', '.', 0) |
+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| www.baidu                                | baidu.com                                   |                                          |
+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

trim(str), trim(remstr from str), trim(leading remstr from str), trim(trailing remstr from str), trim(both remstr from str): 去除空格或指定字符串
- trim(str)：去除str字符串中左右两边的空格
- trim(remstr from str)：去除str字符串中左右两边的字符串remstr
- trim(leading remstr from str)：去除str字符串中最左边的字符串remstr
- trim(trailing remstr from str)：去除str字符串中最右边的字符串remstr
- trim(both remstr from str)：去除str字符串中左右两边的字符串remstr。效果与trim(remstr from str)一样

msyql> select trim(' a b '), trim('123' from '123a123a123'), trim(leading '123' from '123a123a123'), trim(trailing '123' from '123a123a123'), trim(both '123' from '123a123a123');
+---------------+--------------------------------+----------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
| trim(' a b ') | trim('123' from '123a123a123') | trim(leading '123' from '123a123a123') | trim(trailing '123' from '123a123a123') | trim(both '123' from '123a123a123') |
+---------------+--------------------------------+----------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
| a b           | a123a                          | a123a123                               | 123a123a                                | a123a                               |
+---------------+--------------------------------+----------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ucase(str): 将str字符串的大写形式返回，使用如下：

mysql> select ucase('asd');
+--------------+
| ucase('asd') |
+--------------+
| ASD          |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

upper(str): 将str字符串的大写形式返回，使用如下

mysql> select upper('asd');
+--------------+
| upper('asd') |
+--------------+
| ASD          |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

strcmp(expr1, expr2): 如果expr1与expr2相同，则返回0；如果expr1比expr2小，则返回-1；如果expr1比expr2大，则返回1。使用如下：

mysql> select strcmp('0', '0'), strcmp('test', 'test'), strcmp('0', '1'), strcmp('test', 'test1'), strcmp('1', '0'), strcmp('test1', 'test');
+------------------+------------------------+------------------+-------------------------+------------------+-------------------------+
| strcmp('0', '0') | strcmp('test', 'test') | strcmp('0', '1') | strcmp('test', 'test1') | strcmp('1', '0') | strcmp('test1', 'test') |
+------------------+------------------------+------------------+-------------------------+------------------+-------------------------+
|                0 |                      0 |               -1 |                      -1 |                1 |                       1 |
+------------------+------------------------+------------------+-------------------------+------------------+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

abs(x): 返回x的绝对值，使用如下：

mysql> select abs(-2), abs(-32);
+---------+----------+
| abs(-2) | abs(-32) |
+---------+----------+
|       2 |       32 |
+---------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ceiling(x): 返回不小于x的最小整数

mysql> select ceiling(1.32), ceiling(-1.32);
+---------------+----------------+
| ceiling(1.32) | ceiling(-1.32) |
+---------------+----------------+
|             2 |             -1 |
+---------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ceil(x): 返回不小于x的最小整数，效果与ceiling()方法一样
mod(n, m), n % m, n mod m: 取模运算

mysql> select mod(9, 2), 9 % 2, 9 mod 2;
+-----------+-------+---------+
| mod(9, 2) | 9 % 2 | 9 mod 2 |
+-----------+-------+---------+
|         1 |     1 |       1 |
+-----------+-------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

rand(): 返回一个0 <= value < 1的随机浮点数。使用如下：

mysql> select rand(), rand();
+--------------------+-------------------+
| rand()             | rand()            |
+--------------------+-------------------+
| 0.2508203557234447 | 0.608450261511328 |
+--------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

round(x), round(x, d): 四舍五入运算
- round(x)：保留整数位
- round(x, d)：将x保留d位小数

mysql> select round(1.4), round(1.5), round(1.24, 1), round(1.25, 1), round(1.25, 0);
+------------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
| round(1.4) | round(1.5) | round(1.24, 1) | round(1.25, 1) | round(1.25, 0) |
+------------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
|          1 |          2 |            1.2 |            1.3 |              1 |
+------------+------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

sqrt(x): 返回x的开平方值。使用如下：

mysql> select sqrt(4), sqrt(9), sqrt(2), sqrt(-16);
+---------+---------+--------------------+-----------+
| sqrt(4) | sqrt(9) | sqrt(2)            | sqrt(-16) |
+---------+---------+--------------------+-----------+
|       2 |       3 | 1.4142135623730951 |      NULL |
+---------+---------+--------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

truncate(x, d): 截断x到小数点后d位。使用如下：

mysql> select truncate(1.23, 1), truncate(1.25, 1);
+-------------------+-------------------+
| truncate(1.23, 1) | truncate(1.25, 1) |
+-------------------+-------------------+
|               1.2 |               1.2 |
+-------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

常用属性

current_date: 获取当前日期

mysql> select current_date;
+--------------+
| current_date |
+--------------+
| 2018-11-10   |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

current_time: 获取当前时间

mysql> select current_time;
+--------------+
| current_time |
+--------------+
| 10:22:15     |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

localtime: 获取当前日期时间

mysql> select localtime;
+---------------------+
| localtime           |
+---------------------+
| 2019-01-02 13:41:47 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

localtimestamp: 获取当前日期时间，作用与localtime一样

mysql> select localtimestamp;
+---------------------+
| localtimestamp      |
+---------------------+
| 2019-01-02 13:42:11 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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