一、BufferedImage的介绍
Image(其全路径为java.awt.Image)是一个抽象类,BufferedImage是其实现类,是一个带缓冲区的图像类。BufferedImage主要作用是将一幅图片加载到内存中(BufferedImage生成的图片在内存里有一个图像缓冲区,利用这个缓冲区我们可以很方便地操作这个图片),提供获得绘图对象、图像缩放、选择图像平滑度等功能,通常用来做图片大小变换、图片变灰、设置透明不透明等。
二、为什么要将byte数组转为BufferedImage
在数据传输中,图片是不能直接传的,因此需要把图片转为字节数组,然后再进行数据传输就比较方便。之所以将图片文件转为BufferedImage,是因为BufferedImage可以操作图像,可以使用下述两种方法获取到BufferedImage。
方法一:
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String filePath = "D:\\test\\测试文件.png";
BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(new File(filePath));
}
}
方法二:
byte[] imgByte = "图片数据".getBytes();
BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(new ByteArrayInputStream(imgByte));
三、BufferedImage转为byte数组
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream =new ByteArrayOutputStream();
BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(new File("D:\\test\\测试文件.png"));
ImageIO.write(bufferedImage,"png",byteArrayOutputStream);
byte[] imgBytes = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
}
}
四、BufferedImage转为File文件
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String filePath = "D:\\test\\目标文件.png";
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream =new FileOutputStream(filePath);
BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(new File("D:\\test\\测试文件.png"));
ImageIO.write(bufferedImage,"png",fileOutputStream);
}
}
五、编写一个网络程序,通过Socket将图片从服务器端传到客户端,并存入文件系统
服务端:
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8889);
System.out.println("服务器开启连接...端口为8889");
Socket socket = server.accept();
while(true){
System.out.println("一客户端连接服务器,服务器传输图片...");
//读取文件并传输
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new File("D:\\test\\测试文件.png"));
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(image, "png", out);
byte[] b = out.toByteArray();
DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
dataOutputStream.write(b);
socket.close();
System.out.println("图片传送完毕,服务器开启连接...端口为8889");
socket = server.accept();
}
}
}
客户端:
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class ClientFrame extends JFrame {
int count = 1;
BufferedImage image;
public ClientFrame() {
// 1.设置Frame(窗口)界面的大小
setSize(595, 842);
// 2.创建“获取图像”的按钮
JButton button = new JButton("获取图像");
// 3.设置按钮的位置
add(button, BorderLayout.NORTH);
// 4.按钮添加监听
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
try {
// 5.创建连接,请求数据
Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8889);
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
out.print("请求数据");
// 6.接收数据
DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int length = 0;
while ((length = dataInputStream.read(b)) != -1) {
bos.write(b, 0, length);
}
image = ImageIO.read(new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray()));
// 7.将图像绘制到Pannel面板
repaint();
// 8.将获取到的文件保存到执行的路径下
ImageIO.write(image, "png", new File("D:\\test\\output-" + count + ".png"));
System.out.println("第"+count+"次请求");
count++;
socket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
add(panel);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g);
g.drawImage(image, 0, 20, 595, 842, null);//image为BufferedImage类型
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClientFrame frame = new ClientFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}