(15)Air Band OpenCV2.4.13_随机生成器和显示文字

本文是对OpenCV2.4.13文档的部分翻译,作个人学习之用,并不完整。


输入参数如坐标、颜色、厚度等,绘制动态的集合图像。

这里我们使用随机值作为绘制的参数,使用大量的几何图形来生成图像,并且用随机的方法来初始化,这个过程是用循环自动执行的。

#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace cv;

/// Global Variables
const int NUMBER = 100;
const int DELAY = 5;

const int window_width = 900;
const int window_height = 600;
int x_1 = -window_width/2;
int x_2 = window_width*3/2;
int y_1 = -window_width/2;
int y_2 = window_width*3/2;

/// Function headers
static Scalar randomColor( RNG& rng );
int Drawing_Random_Lines( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Rectangles( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Ellipses( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Polylines( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Filled_Polygons( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Drawing_Random_Circles( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Displaying_Random_Text( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );
int Displaying_Big_End( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng );


/**
 * @function main
 */
int main( void )
{
  int c;

  /// 创建一个窗口
  char window_name[] = "Drawing_2 Tutorial";

  /// 创建一个随机对象(RNG)
  RNG rng( 0xFFFFFFFF );

  /// 用0初始化一个矩阵
  Mat image = Mat::zeros( window_height, window_width, CV_8UC3 );
  /// 在 DELAY 秒内显示图像
  imshow( window_name, image );
  waitKey( DELAY );

  /// 绘制线
  c = Drawing_Random_Lines(image, window_name, rng);
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 绘制矩形
  c = Drawing_Random_Rectangles(image, window_name, rng);
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 绘制椭圆
  c = Drawing_Random_Ellipses( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 绘制多边形
  c = Drawing_Random_Polylines( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 绘制填充多边形
  c = Drawing_Random_Filled_Polygons( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 绘制圆
  c = Drawing_Random_Circles( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  /// 在随机位置显示文字
  c = Displaying_Random_Text( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

   ///显示结尾
  c = Displaying_Big_End( image, window_name, rng );
  if( c != 0 ) return 0;

  waitKey(0);
  return 0;
}

/// Function definitions

/**
 * @function randomColor
 * @由一个随机对象生成一个随机颜色
 */
static Scalar randomColor( RNG& rng )
{
  int icolor = (unsigned) rng;
  return Scalar( icolor&255, (icolor>>8)&255, (icolor>>16)&255 );
}


/**
 * @function Drawing_Random_Lines
 */
int Drawing_Random_Lines( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  Point pt1, pt2;//线的端点

  //重复NUMBER次,生成NUMBER条线
  for( int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
	//rng是随机数字生成对象,rng.uniform(a,b)生成[a,b)的随机均匀分布
    pt1.x = rng.uniform( x_1, x_2 );
    pt1.y = rng.uniform( y_1, y_2 );
    pt2.x = rng.uniform( x_1, x_2 );
    pt2.y = rng.uniform( y_1, y_2 );

    line( image, pt1, pt2, randomColor(rng), rng.uniform(1, 10), 8 );//颜色随机
    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey( DELAY ) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function Drawing_Rectangles
 */
int Drawing_Random_Rectangles( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  Point pt1, pt2;
  int lineType = 8;
  int thickness = rng.uniform( -3, 10 );

  for( int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    pt1.x = rng.uniform( x_1, x_2 );
    pt1.y = rng.uniform( y_1, y_2 );
    pt2.x = rng.uniform( x_1, x_2 );
    pt2.y = rng.uniform( y_1, y_2 );

    rectangle( image, pt1, pt2, randomColor(rng), MAX( thickness, -1 ), lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey( DELAY ) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function Drawing_Random_Ellipses
 */
int Drawing_Random_Ellipses( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for ( int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    Point center;
    center.x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    center.y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    Size axes;
    axes.width = rng.uniform(0, 200);
    axes.height = rng.uniform(0, 200);

    double angle = rng.uniform(0, 180);

    ellipse( image, center, axes, angle, angle - 100, angle + 200,
             randomColor(rng), rng.uniform(-1,9), lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image );

    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function Drawing_Random_Polylines
 */
int Drawing_Random_Polylines( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for( int i = 0; i< NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    Point pt[2][3];
    pt[0][0].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][0].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[0][1].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][1].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[0][2].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][2].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][0].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][0].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][1].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][1].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][2].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][2].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    const Point* ppt[2] = {pt[0], pt[1]};
    int npt[] = {3, 3};

    polylines(image, ppt, npt, 2, true, randomColor(rng), rng.uniform(1,10), lineType);

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }
  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function Drawing_Random_Filled_Polygons
 */
int Drawing_Random_Filled_Polygons( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for ( int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    Point pt[2][3];
    pt[0][0].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][0].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[0][1].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][1].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[0][2].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[0][2].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][0].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][0].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][1].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][1].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);
    pt[1][2].x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    pt[1][2].y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    const Point* ppt[2] = {pt[0], pt[1]};
    int npt[] = {3, 3};

    fillPoly( image, ppt, npt, 2, randomColor(rng), lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
       { return -1; }
  }
  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function Drawing_Random_Circles
 */
int Drawing_Random_Circles( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  for (int i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++)
  {
    Point center;
    center.x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    center.y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

    circle( image, center, rng.uniform(0, 300), randomColor(rng),
            rng.uniform(-1, 9), lineType );

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function Displaying_Random_Text
 */
int Displaying_Random_Text( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG rng )
{
  int lineType = 8;

  //NUMBER条随机位置的文字
  for ( int i = 1; i < NUMBER; i++ )
  {
    Point org;
    org.x = rng.uniform(x_1, x_2);
    org.y = rng.uniform(y_1, y_2);

	//在图像中用绘制"Testing text rendering"
	//文字的左下角在位置org
	//字体是[0,8)的一个随机值
	//字体大小在[0.1,5.1)
	//文字颜色随机
	//文字厚度(1,10)
    putText( image, "Testing text rendering", org, rng.uniform(0,8),
             rng.uniform(0,100)*0.05+0.1, randomColor(rng), rng.uniform(1, 10), lineType);

    imshow( window_name, image );
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )
      { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

/**
 * @function Displaying_Big_End
 */
int Displaying_Big_End( Mat image, char* window_name, RNG )
{
  Size textsize = getTextSize("OpenCV forever!", FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 3, 5, 0);//获取参数文字的大小数值
  Point org((window_width - textsize.width)/2, (window_height - textsize.height)/2);//位置在中心
  int lineType = 8;

  Mat image2;

  for( int i = 0; i < 255; i += 2 )
  {
    image2 = image - Scalar::all(i);//image2是image和Scalar::all(i)的一个差集,也就是image所有值减去i(R、G、B),本质上是一个饱和度的操作
	//在图像中用绘制"OpenCV forever!"
	//文字的左下角在位置org(窗口中心)
	//字体是[0,8)的一个随机值
	//字体大小为FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX
	//文字颜色从红色渐变到白色
	//文字厚度5
    putText( image2, "OpenCV forever!", org, FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 3,
             Scalar(i, i, 255), 5, lineType );//

    imshow( window_name, image2 );//显示图像
    if( waitKey(DELAY) >= 0 )//等待用户按键
       { return -1; }
  }

  return 0;
}

结果:(变换)

draw

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