Spring Boot整合RabbitMQ案例
主要实现消息的生产发送、消息的消费并实现了消息的延时发送,像微信一样实现第1-3次每5秒尝试发送一次,第 4-5次每10秒尝试一次等自定义消息延时时间。
1、创建Spring Boot项目
通过start.spring.io直接创建项目rabbit-mq-demo
选择spring-boot-starter-amqp即可
以下为pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>yangqisheng</groupId>
<artifactId>rabbit-mq-demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>rabbit-mq-demo</name>
<description>消息重试机制案例</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.45</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、RabbitMQ自动创建交换机和队列
我们为了让项目启动时自动在RabbitMQ中创建交换机和队列,我们新建RabbitConfig配置类来创建。
package yangqisheng.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* @author yangqisheng
* @date 2019-09-29 上午 9:33
*/
@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.exchange}")
private String demoExchange;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.queue}")
private String demoQueue;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.routing-key}")
private String demoRoutingKey;
/**
* 生成交换机
*
* @return 交换机对象
*/
@Bean("demoExchange")
public Exchange demoExchange() {
return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange(demoExchange).durable(true).build();
}
/**
* 生成队列
*
* @return 队列
*/
@Bean("demoQueue")
public Queue demoQueue() {
return QueueBuilder.durable(demoQueue).build();
}
/**
* 交换机绑定队列和路由
*
* @return 绑定对象
*/
@Bean
public Binding demoBinding() {
return new Binding(demoQueue, Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE, demoExchange, demoRoutingKey, null);
}
}
以上项目包含了项目的配置application.properties,以下:
server.port=8000
spring.rabbitmq.hostname: 127.0.0.1
spring.rabbitmq.port: 5672
spring.rabbitmq.virtualhost: /
spring.rabbitmq.username: guest
spring.rabbitmq.password: guest
demo.rabbitmq.exchange=demo.exchange
demo.rabbitmq.queue=demo.queue
demo.rabbitmq.routing-key=demo.routing-key
demo.rabbitmq.delay-exchange=demo.delay-exchange
demo.rabbitmq.delay-queue=demo.delay-queue
demo.rabbitmq.delay-routing-key=demo.delay-routing-key
demo.rabbitmq.error-exchange=demo.error-exchange
demo.rabbitmq.error-queue=demo.error-queue
demo.rabbitmq.error-routing-key=demo.error-routing-key
大家肯定发现 了我们配置里多了2个交换机配置delay和error
delay就是用来做延时队列,可以设置延时时间,然年后重新发送,
error就是实在是尝试了很多次都不成功,就只能存档了。
我们先来实现一个消息生产者:
package yangqisheng.producter;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageDeliveryMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import yangqisheng.domain.DemoMessage;
/**
* @author yangqisheng
* @date 2019-09-29 上午 9:54
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DemoProducter {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.exchange}")
private String demoExchange;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.routing-key}")
private String demoRoutingKey;
/**
* 发送消息
*
* @param content 消息内容
*/
public void sendMessage(DemoMessage content) {
log.info("发送消息:{}", content);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(demoExchange, demoRoutingKey, JSONObject.toJSONString(content), message -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setContentEncoding("utf-8");
message.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
message.getMessageProperties().setMessageId(content.getMessageId());
return message;
});
}
}
为了模拟消息 发送,我写了个定时器
package yangqisheng.task;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import yangqisheng.domain.DemoMessage;
import yangqisheng.producter.DemoProducter;
/**
* @author yangqisheng
* @date 2019-09-29 上午 10:08
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DemoTask {
@Autowired
private DemoProducter demoProducter;
private int count = 0;
/**
* 每秒产生一条消息
*/
@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 1000)
public void run() {
count++;
if (count < 20 && count % 5 == 0) {
DemoMessage message = new DemoMessage();
message.setMessageId(count + "");
message.setContent("第" + count + "条");
message.setMessageCount(0);
demoProducter.sendMessage(message);
}
}
}
我们为了模拟延时和错误,我们生产3条消息,每个5秒发送一次,这样可以模拟每次重试的时间差
下面我们写一个消费者 :
package yangqisheng.consumer;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Headers;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import yangqisheng.domain.DemoMessage;
import yangqisheng.producter.*;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author yangqisheng
* @date 2019-09-29 上午 9:59
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DemoConsumer {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Autowired
private DemoDelayProducter demoDelayProducter;
@Autowired
private DemoDelay10Producter demoDelay10Producter;
@Autowired
private DemoDelay20Producter demoDelay20Producter;
@Autowired
private DemoDelay30Producter demoDelay30Producter;
@Autowired
private DemoDelay60Producter demoDelay60Producter;
@Autowired
private DemoDelay300Producter demoDelay300Producter;
@Autowired
private DemoErrorProducter demoErrorProducter;
@RabbitListener(queues = "${demo.rabbitmq.queue}")
public void receiveMessage(@Headers Map<String, Object> headers, Message message) {
DemoMessage content = null;
try {
content = JSONObject.parseObject(new String(message.getBody()), DemoMessage.class);
log.info("接收消息:messageId={},content={},第{}次",
content.getContent(), message.getMessageProperties().getMessageId(), content.getMessageCount());
throw new Exception("消费异常");
} catch (Exception e) {
if (content == null) {
demoErrorProducter.sendErrorMessage(message.getBody());
}
content.setMessageCount(content.getMessageCount() + 1);
switch (content.getMessageCount()) {
case 1:
case 2:
case 3:
demoDelayProducter.sendDelayMessage(content);
break;
case 4:
case 5:
demoDelay10Producter.sendDelayMessage(content);
break;
case 6:
case 7:
demoDelay20Producter.sendDelayMessage(content);
break;
case 8:
demoDelay30Producter.sendDelayMessage(content);
break;
case 9:
demoDelay60Producter.sendDelayMessage(content);
break;
case 10:
demoDelay300Producter.sendDelayMessage(content);
break;
default:
demoErrorProducter.sendErrorMessage(content);
}
}
}
}
大家肯定看你到,我们写了好多个消息生产者,其实就为了生成多个队列。
我们列出一个10秒的作为 案例,其他的仅仅是更改了名称,大家可以下源码查看。
package yangqisheng.producter;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageDeliveryMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import yangqisheng.domain.DemoMessage;
/**
* @author yangqisheng
* @date 2019_09_29 上午 10:30
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DemoDelay10Producter {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.delay-exchange}")
private String demoDelayExchange;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.delay-routing-key}")
private String demoDelayRoutingKey;
/**
* 发送延时消息
*
* @param content 消息内容
*/
public void sendDelayMessage(DemoMessage content) {
log.info("再次发送消息:{}", content.getContent());
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(demoDelayExchange + "_10", demoDelayRoutingKey + "_10",
JSONObject.toJSONString(content), message -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setContentEncoding("utf-8");
message.getMessageProperties().setMessageId(content.getMessageId());
message.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
String expiration = "10000";
log.info("消息{}第{}次重新发送,延时{}ms", content.getMessageId(),
content.getMessageCount(), expiration);
//根据发送次数,计算下次发送时间
message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(expiration);
return message;
});
}
}
延时队列
package yangqisheng.producter;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageDeliveryMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import yangqisheng.domain.DemoMessage;
/**
* @author yangqisheng
* @date 2019_09_29 上午 10:30
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DemoDelayProducter {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.delay-exchange}")
private String demoDelayExchange;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.delay-routing-key}")
private String demoDelayRoutingKey;
/**
* 发送延时消息
*
* @param content 消息内容
*/
public void sendDelayMessage(DemoMessage content) {
log.info("再次发送消息:{}", content.getContent());
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(demoDelayExchange, demoDelayRoutingKey,
JSONObject.toJSONString(content), message -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setContentEncoding("utf-8");
message.getMessageProperties().setMessageId(content.getMessageId());
message.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
String expiration = "5000";
log.info("消息{}第{}次重新发送,延时{}ms", content.getMessageId(),
content.getMessageCount(), expiration);
//根据发送次数,计算下次发送时间
message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(expiration);
return message;
});
}
}
错误队列
package yangqisheng.producter;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageDeliveryMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import yangqisheng.domain.DemoMessage;
/**
* @author yangqisheng
* @date 2019-09-29 上午 9:54
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DemoErrorProducter {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.error-exchange}")
private String demoErrorExchange;
@Value("${demo.rabbitmq.error-routing-key}")
private String demoErrorRoutingKey;
/**
* 发送消息
*
* @param content 消息内容
*/
public void sendErrorMessage(DemoMessage content) {
log.info("记录错误消息:{}", content.getContent());
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(demoErrorExchange, demoErrorRoutingKey,
JSONObject.toJSONString(content), message -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setContentEncoding("utf-8");
message.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
message.getMessageProperties().setMessageId(content.getMessageId());
return message;
});
}
/**
* 发送消息
*
* @param content 消息内容
*/
public void sendErrorMessage(byte[] content) {
log.info("记录异常消息:内容长度{}", content.length);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(demoErrorExchange, demoErrorRoutingKey, content, message -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setContentEncoding("utf-8");
message.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
return message;
});
}
}
项目启动入口
package yangqisheng;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class RabbitMqDemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(RabbitMqDemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
如果还看不明白,那么请看源码
https://github.com/ansitech/rabbit-mq-demo