描述:利用canvas绘制验证码
实现思路:封装一个验证码组件,用户可传入相关的参数,传入验证码,例如1234,canvas根据这个验证码在界面上绘制,若未传值,也会默认初始化一个验证码,当验证码发生变化时,在watch中监听到变化,更新页面。
实现过程:
过程1:封装一个验证码组件、接收参数包括颜色、字体、背景等,根据用户的传参,生成不同的验证码背景,同时内部设置一个监听器,监听验证码是否发生变化,若发生变化后,重新绘制背景和验证码。
过程2:根据页面需求,可局部注册也可全局注册。
过程3:引入该组件,并加入表单验证。
效果如下图所示:、
代码实现和使用方式:
1、封装验证码组件(在watch中监听验证码的变化),新建一个Identify.vue文件
<template>
<div class="s-canvas">
<canvas id="s-canvas" :width="contentWidth" :height="contentHeight"></canvas>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default{
name: 'SIdentify',
props: {
identifyCode: {
type: String,
default: '1234'
},
fontSizeMin: {
type: Number,
default: 20
},
fontSizeMax: {
type: Number,
default: 40
},
backgroundColorMin: {
type: Number,
default: 180
},
backgroundColorMax: {
type: Number,
default: 240
},
colorMin: {
type: Number,
default: 50
},
colorMax: {
type: Number,
default: 160
},
lineColorMin: {
type: Number,
default: 40
},
lineColorMax: {
type: Number,
default: 180
},
dotColorMin: {
type: Number,
default: 0
},
dotColorMax: {
type: Number,
default: 255
},
contentWidth: {
type: Number,
default: 112
},
contentHeight: {
type: Number,
default: 38
}
},
methods: {
// 生成一个随机数
randomNum (min, max) {
return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min) + min)
},
// 生成一个随机的颜色
randomColor (min, max) {
let r = this.randomNum(min, max)
let g = this.randomNum(min, max)
let b = this.randomNum(min, max)
return 'rgb(' + r + ',' + g + ',' + b + ')'
},
drawPic () {
let canvas = document.getElementById('s-canvas')
let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
ctx.textBaseline = 'bottom'
// 绘制背景
ctx.fillStyle = this.randomColor(this.backgroundColorMin, this.backgroundColorMax)
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.contentWidth, this.contentHeight)
// 绘制文字
for (let i = 0; i < this.identifyCode.length; i++) {
this.drawText(ctx, this.identifyCode[i], i)
}
this.drawLine(ctx)
this.drawDot(ctx)
},
drawText (ctx, txt, i) {
ctx.fillStyle = this.randomColor(this.colorMin, this.colorMax)
ctx.font = this.randomNum(this.fontSizeMin, this.fontSizeMax) + 'px SimHei'
let x = (i + 1) * (this.contentWidth / (this.identifyCode.length + 1))
let y = this.randomNum(this.fontSizeMax, this.contentHeight - 5)
var deg = this.randomNum(-45, 45)
// 修改坐标原点和旋转角度
ctx.translate(x, y)
ctx.rotate(deg * Math.PI / 180)
ctx.fillText(txt, 0, 0)
// 恢复坐标原点和旋转角度
ctx.rotate(-deg * Math.PI / 180)
ctx.translate(-x, -y)
},
drawLine (ctx) {
// 绘制干扰线
for (let i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
ctx.strokeStyle = this.randomColor(this.lineColorMin, this.lineColorMax)
ctx.beginPath()
ctx.moveTo(this.randomNum(0, this.contentWidth), this.randomNum(0, this.contentHeight))
ctx.lineTo(this.randomNum(0, this.contentWidth), this.randomNum(0, this.contentHeight))
ctx.stroke()
}
},
drawDot (ctx) {
// 绘制干扰点
for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
ctx.fillStyle = this.randomColor(0, 255)
ctx.beginPath()
ctx.arc(this.randomNum(0, this.contentWidth), this.randomNum(0, this.contentHeight), 1, 0, 2 * Math.PI)
ctx.fill()
}
}
},
watch: {
identifyCode () {
this.drawPic()
}
},
mounted () {
this.drawPic()
}
}
</script>
2、引入该验证码组件
在main.js中全局注册该组件
import SIdentify from './components/admin/Identify.vue';
Vue.component("SIdentify",SIdentify);
3、加入表单中,进行验证
<template>
<div class="section">
<div class="ms-login">
<el-form
:model="LoginForm"
status-icon
ref="LoginForm"
:rules="rule"
label-width="0"
class="login-form"
>
<h3>登录</h3>
<el-form-item prop="username">
<el-input type="text" v-model="LoginForm.username" placeholder="用户名">
</el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item prop="password">
<el-input
type="password"
v-model="LoginForm.password"
placeholder="密码"
>
</el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item prop="validate">
<el-input
v-model="LoginForm.validate"
class="validate-code"
placeholder="验证码"
></el-input>
<div class="code" @click="refreshCode">
<s-identify :identifyCode="identifyCode"></s-identify>
</div>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button
type="danger"
class="submitBtn"
round
@click="submit('LoginForm')"
>
登录
</el-button>
<el-button
type="primary"
class="resetBtn"
round
@click.native.prevent="reset"
>
重置
</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</div>
</div>
</template>
点击更新验证码:
// 点击刷新,更新验证码
refreshCode() {
this.identifyCode = "";
this.makeCode(this.identifyCodes, 4);
},
// 制作验证
makeCode(o, l) {
for (let i = 0; i < l; i++) {
this.identifyCode +=
this.identifyCodes[this.randomNum(0, this.identifyCodes.length)];
}
},
// 生成随机数
randomNum(min, max) {
return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min) + min);
},
验证:
data() {
var validatorCode = (rule, value, callback) => {
if (value !== this.identifyCode) {
callback(new Error("验证码不正确"));
} else {
callback();
}
};
return {
identifyCodes: "1234567890",
identifyCode: "",
LoginForm: {
username: "",
password: "",
validate: "",
},
rule: {
username: [
{
required: true,
message: "请输入用户名",
trigger: "blur",
},
],
password: [
{
required: true,
message: "请输入密码!",
trigger: "blur",
},
],
validate: [
{
required: true,
message: "请输入验证码",
trigger: "blur",
},
{
validator: validatorCode,
trigger: "blur",
},
],
},
};
}