一,Persistent Connection 示例教程
1,实现服务器端代码
1),编写服务器 PersistentConnection 代码
项目中 SignalR 目录下创建 PersistentConnection.cs 文件
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using SignalR;
namespace SignalTutorial.SignalR
{
public class MyConnection : PersistentConnection
{
protected override Task OnConnectedAsync(IRequest request, string connectionId)
{
return Connection.Broadcast("Connection " + connectionId + " connected");
}
protected override Task OnReconnectedAsync(IRequest request, IEnumerable<string> groups, string clientId)
{
return Connection.Broadcast("Client " + clientId + " re-connected");
}
protected override Task OnReceivedAsync(IRequest request, string connectionId, string data)
{
var info = data + ". ConnectionId is [" + connectionId + "]";
// return Connection.Send(connectionId, info);
// Broadcast data to all clients
return Connection.Broadcast(info);
}
protected override Task OnDisconnectAsync(string connectionId)
{
return Connection.Broadcast("Connection " + connectionId + " disconncted");
}
protected override Task OnErrorAsync(Exception error)
{
return Connection.Broadcast("Error ocurred " + error);
}
}
}
1,MyConnection 继承自 PersistentConnection,这样我们就能在客户端连接,重连接,断开连接,发送消息以及连接出错的情况下进行相关的处理。从下面的 PersistentConnection 接口中可以看到,PersistentConnection 同样支持组进行推送。
2,推送消息由 PersistentConnection 的属性 Connection 来提供,它继承自 IConnection 接口,该接口提供两个函数来实现对特定客户端的推送和广播功能。
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Send(string signal, object value)
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Broadcast(object value)
2),配置访问路由
为了支持客户端访问,我们将对路由表中进行配置。打开 Global.asax.cs ,修改 Application_Start() 函数如下:
protected void Application_Start()
{
AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
RouteTable.Routes.MapConnection<MyConnection>("echo", "echo/{*operation}");
RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
// Make connections wait 50s maximum for any response. After
// 50s are up, trigger a timeout command and make the client reconnect.
GlobalHost.Configuration.ConnectionTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(50);
//DisconnectTimeout
//HeartBeatInterval
//KeepAlive
}
在上面的代码中,我将 echo 及其子路径的访问映射到 MyConnection 上,并设置连接超时时间为 50 s。在这里还可以设置其他的一些参数,如断连超时时间,心跳间隔等。
2,实现客户端代码
@model dynamic
@{
ViewBag.Title = "title";
}
<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/persistent.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
<h2>Persistent Chat</h2>
<div>
<input type="text" id="Placeholder" value="@ViewBag.ClientName" hidden="true"/>
<input type="text" id="msg" />
<input type="button" id="broadcast" value="广播" />
<br />
<br />
<h3>
消息记录: (你是:<span id="MyClientName">@ViewBag.ClientName</span>):
</h3>
<ul id="messages">
</ul>
</div>
2),编写 Javascript
向 Scripts 目录添加新的 Javescript 脚本:persistent.js。其内容如下:
$(function () {
var myClientName = $('#Placeholder').val();
var connection = $.connection('/echo');
connection.received(function (data) {
var msg = new String(data);
var index = msg.indexOf("#");
var clientName = msg.substring(0, index);
var content = msg.substring(index + 1);
if (clientName == null || clientName == "") {
writeEvent('<b>' + "系统消息" + '</b>: ' + content, 'event-message');
}
else {
writeEvent('<b>' + clientName + '</b> 对大家说: ' + content, 'event-message');
}
});
connection.start();
$("#broadcast").click(function () {
var msg = myClientName + "#" + $('#msg').val();
connection.send(msg);
});
//A function to write events to the page
function writeEvent(eventLog, logClass) {
var now = new Date();
var nowStr = now.getHours() + ':' + now.getMinutes() + ':' + now.getSeconds();
$('#messages').prepend('<li class="' + logClass + '"><b>' + nowStr + '</b> ' + eventLog + '.</li>');
}
});
1,创建连接时,指定路径为 "/echo",该路径在服务器端的路由映射表被映射为 MyConnection,因而这个连接就被指向前面提供的 MyConnection。
2,将 clientName 信息放入 message 中,并用 # 将 clientName 和消息内容连接成一个 msg。