HttpClient学习（2）

POST方法用来向目的服务器发出请求，要求它接受被附在请求后的实体，并把它当作请求队列（Request-Line）中请求URI所指定资源的附加新子项。POST被设计成用统一的方法实现下列功能：

• 对现有资源的注释（Annotation of existing resources）
• 向电子公告栏、新闻组，邮件列表或类似讨论组发送消息
• 提交数据块，如将表单的结果提交给数据处理过程
• 通过附加操作来扩展数据库

有两个主要步骤使用POST方法：首先提供的数据请求,，其次阅读服务器的响应。

package http.yang;

import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.*;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.*;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.*;

public class HttpPostSimple {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws IOException 
	 * @throws HttpException 
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws HttpException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
		String url  = "http://jakarata.apache.org";
		PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
		// 填入各个表单域的值
		NameValuePair[] data = {
	      	new NameValuePair("user", "joe"),
              	new NameValuePair("password", "bloggs")
                };// 将表单的值放入postMethod中
		postMethod.setRequestBody(data);// 执行postMethodint 
		statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);// HttpClient对于要求接受后继服务的请求，象POST和PUT等不能自动处理转发// 301或者302
		if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY || statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) {    // 从头中取出转向的地址  
				 Header locationHeader = postMethod.getResponseHeader("location");    
				String location = null;    
				if (locationHeader != null) {     
				location = locationHeader.getValue();    
				System.out.println("The page was redirected to:" + location);  
				  } else {  
				 System.err.println("Location field value is null.");    
				}    
				return;
}}}

示例2

package yang.httpclient;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class PostMethodExample {

  public static void main(String args[]) {

    HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
    client.getParams().setParameter("http.useragent", "Test Client");

    BufferedReader br = null;

    PostMethod method = new PostMethod("http://search.yahoo.com/search");
    method.addParameter("p", "\"java2s\"");

    try{
      int returnCode = client.executeMethod(method);

      if(returnCode == HttpStatus.SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED) {
        System.err.println("The Post method is not implemented by this URI");
        // still consume the response body
        method.getResponseBodyAsString();
      } else {
        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(method.getResponseBodyAsStream()));
        String readLine;
        while(((readLine = br.readLine()) != null)) {
          System.err.println(readLine);
      }
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.err.println(e);
    } finally {
      method.releaseConnection();
      if(br != null) try { br.close(); } catch (Exception fe) {}
    }

  }
}

参考资料：

• Commons logging包含了各种各样的日志API的实现，读者可以通过站点http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/logging/得到详细的内容
  
• Commons codec包含了一些一般的解码/编码算法。包含了语音编码、十六进制、Base64和URL编码等，通过http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/codec/可以得到详细的内容
  
• rfc2616是关于HTTP/1.1的文档，可以在http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2616.html上得到详细的内容，另外rfc1945是关于HTTP/1.0的文档，通过http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1945.html可以得到详细内容