数组操作总结

1.shift() 删除数组的第一个元素，返回删除的元素

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.shift()   // a: [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]   b: 1

2.pop() 删除数组最后一个元素，返回删除的元素

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.shift()   // a: [1，2, 3, 4, 5, 6]   b: 7

3.unshift() 向数组首位添加元素，返回数组长度

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.unshift(0,10)   // a: [0,10,1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]   b: 9

4.push() 向数组末尾添加元素，返回数组长度

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.push(0,10)   // a: [1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,0,10]   b: 9

5.concat() 拼接数组，返回拼接后的新数组

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.concat([8,9,10])
// a: [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]   b: [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]

6.rverse() 翻转数组,返回翻转后的数组

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.reverse()
// a: [7,6,5,4,3,2,1]   b: [7,6,5,4,3,2,1]

7.join() 把数组变为字符串并以传入的符号分隔

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.join('-')
// a:[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]   b: "1-2-3-4-5-6-7"

8.splice(x, xx, xxx) 左闭右开，返回删除的数组,改变原数组

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.splice(4)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4]    b: [5, 6, 7]
let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.splice(4, 2)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 7]     b: [5, 6]
let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.splice(4, 2, 11,13)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 13, 7]     b: [5, 6]
let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.splice(-2, 2,)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]     b: [6, 7]

9.slice(x,xx) 左闭右开，返回删除的数组，不改变原数组

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.slice(4)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]    b: [5, 6, 7]
let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.slice(2,5)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]     b: [3, 4, 5]
let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.slice(-4, -2,)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]     b: [4, 5]
let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.slice(-2, 2,)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]     b: []

10.sort() 数组排序   不使用参数，默认排序顺序是根据字符串Unicode码排序

let a = [5,11,8,3,14,9]; a.sort((a,b) => {return a-b})
(6) [3, 5, 8, 9, 11, 14]
let a = [5,11,8,3,14,9]; a.sort((a,b) => {return b-a })
(6) [14, 11, 9, 8, 5, 3]

11.find()  找到数组中第一个满足条件的元素

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.find(val => val % 2 === 0)
// a： [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]    b：2

12. findIndex()  找到数组中第一个满足条件的元素的下标

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.findIndex(val => val % 2 === 0)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]     b: 1

13.filter() 筛选出满足条件的元素组成新的数组

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.filter(val => val % 2 === 0)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]     b: [2, 4, 6]

14.indexOf()  判断数组中是否包含某元素(包含返回下标，不包含返回-1)

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.indexOf(3)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]      b：2
let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.indexOf(88)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]      b: -1

 15.includes() 判断数组中是否包含某元素

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.includes(6)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]     b: true
let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.includes(10)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]      b: false

16.some()  判断数组中元素是否满足条件，一个true就返回true，全部false为false

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.some(val => val % 2 === 0)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]      b: true

17.every() 判断数组中元素是否满足条件，一个false就返回false，全部true为true

let a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]; let b = a.every(val => val % 2 === 0)
// a: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]       b: false