java中获取系统时间--时间缓存

 

高并发系统下需要统计程序调用的耗时情况， 需要频繁地（10w/s以上）获取系统时间。

这样获取系统时间本身就变成了耗时操作。

 

可以利用时间缓存来减少耗时。

 

java中获取系统时间， 时间缓存：

/**
 *
 */
package timers;

import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis()直接返回缓存值，独立线程定期更新时间缓存，精度取决于定期间隔。
 *
 * @author yangwm Dec 5, 2010 2:41:06 PM
 */
public class SystemTimer {
    private final static ScheduledExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
   
    private static final long tickUnit = Long.parseLong(System.getProperty("notify.systimer.tick", "10"));
    private static volatile long time = System.currentTimeMillis();

    private static class TimerTicker implements Runnable {
        public void run() {
            time = System.currentTimeMillis();
        }
    }

    public static long currentTimeMillis() {
        return time;
    }

    static {
        executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTicker(), tickUnit, tickUnit, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                executor.shutdown();
            }
        });
    }
}

 

获取系统时间基准测试：

/**
 *
 */
package timers;

/**
 *
 * 获取系统时间基准测试：must be assignment value, like: long t = getCurrentTime
 *
 * System.nanoTime()在linux下的实现是调用clock_gettime。
 * System.currentTimeMillis()在linux下的实现是调用gettimeofday。
 * SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis()直接返回缓存值，独立线程定期更新时间缓存，精度取决于定期间隔。
 *
 * windows下的System.currentTimeMillis()，本身进行了优化（可能是缓存），所以不准但函数调用很快。
 *
 * @author yangwm Dec 5, 2010 2:42:02 PM
 */
public class SystemTimerBench {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int times = 1 * 1000 * 1000;

       
        long beginTime = System.nanoTime();
        for (int i = 0; i < times; ++i) {
            long t = System.nanoTime();
        }
        long endTime = System.nanoTime();
        System.out.println(times + " times System.nanoTime consume Time: " + (endTime - beginTime) / 1000000 + " ms");
       
        beginTime = System.nanoTime();
        for (int i = 0; i < times; ++i) {
            long t = System.currentTimeMillis();
        }
        endTime = System.nanoTime();
        System.out.println(times + " times System.currentTimeMillis consume Time: " + (endTime - beginTime) / 1000000 + " ms");
       
        beginTime = System.nanoTime();
        for (int i = 0; i < times; ++i) {
            long t = SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis();
        }
        endTime = System.nanoTime();
        System.out.println(times + " times SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis consume Time: " + (endTime - beginTime) / 1000000 + " ms");
    }

}

/*
windows, times = 10 * 1000 * 1000:
D:/study/tempProjects/yangwmProject/JavaLearn/classes>java timers.SystemTimerBench
10000000 times System.nanoTime consume Time: 14004 ms
10000000 times System.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 215 ms
10000000 times SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 47 ms

windows, times = 1 * 1000 * 1000:
D:/study/tempProjects/yangwmProject/JavaLearn/classes>java timers.SystemTimerBench
1000000 times System.nanoTime consume Time: 1370 ms
1000000 times System.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 20 ms
1000000 times SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 11 ms

windows, times = 1 * 100 * 1000:
D:/study/tempProjects/yangwmProject/JavaLearn/classes>java timers.SystemTimerBench
100000 times System.nanoTime consume Time: 151 ms
100000 times System.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 2 ms
100000 times SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 7 ms


linux, times = 10 * 1000 * 1000:
[root@test notify]# java timers.SystemTimerBench
10000000 times System.nanoTime consume Time: 7432 ms
10000000 times System.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 7056 ms
10000000 times SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 87 ms

linux, times = 1 * 1000 * 1000:
[root@test notify]# java timers.SystemTimerBench
1000000 times System.nanoTime consume Time: 720 ms
1000000 times System.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 693 ms
1000000 times SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 25 ms

linux, times = 1 * 100 * 1000:
[root@test notify]# java timers.SystemTimerBench
100000 times System.nanoTime consume Time: 74 ms
100000 times System.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 69 ms
100000 times SystemTimer.currentTimeMillis consume Time: 19 ms


*/

 

 

参考资源：

Inside the Hotspot VM: Clocks, Timers and Scheduling Events - Part I - Windows : David Holmes' Weblog, http://blogs.sun.com/dholmes/entry/inside_the_hotspot_vm_clocks

庄周梦蝶的NIO trick and trap.pdf， http://www.blogjava.net/killme2008/archive/2010/11/22/338420.html