gif图片拆帧及合成[python]实现

python版本2.7，使用PIL库，代码如下：

import ImageGrab # from PIL
import time
import string
from PIL import Image, ImageChops
from PIL.GifImagePlugin import getheader, getdata
import os

def intToBin(i):
    """ 把整型数转换为双字节 """
    # 先分成两部分,高8位和低8位
    i1 = i % 256
    i2 = int( i/256)
    # 合成小端对齐的字符串
    return chr(i1) + chr(i2)
def getheaderAnim(im):
    """ 生成动画文件头 """
    bb = "GIF89a"
    bb += intToBin(im.size[0])
    bb += intToBin(im.size[1])
    bb += "\x87\x00\x00"  #使用全局颜色表
    return bb
def getAppExt(loops=0):
    """ 应用扩展,默认为0,为0是表示动画是永不停止
    """
    bb = "\x21\xFF\x0B"  # application extension
    bb += "NETSCAPE2.0"
    bb += "\x03\x01"
    if loops == 0:
        loops = 2**16-1
    bb += intToBin(loops)
    bb += '\x00'  # end
    return bb


def getGraphicsControlExt(duration=0.1):
    """ 设置动画时间间隔 """
    bb = '\x21\xF9\x04'
    bb += '\x08'  # no transparancy
    bb += intToBin( int(duration*100) ) # in 100th of seconds
    bb += '\x00'  # no transparant color
    bb += '\x00'  # end
    return bb



def _writeGifToFile(fp, images, durations, loops):
    """ 把一系列图像转换为字节并存入文件流中
    """
    # 初始化
    frames = 0
    previous = None
    for im in images:
        if not previous:
            # 第一个图像
            # 获取相关数据
            palette = getheader(im)[1]  #取第一个图像的调色板
            data = getdata(im)
            imdes, data = data[0], data[1:]            
            header = getheaderAnim(im)
            appext = getAppExt(loops)
            graphext = getGraphicsControlExt(durations[0])
            
            # 写入全局头
            fp.write(header)
            fp.write(palette)
            fp.write(appext)
            
            # 写入图像
            fp.write(graphext)
            fp.write(imdes)
            for d in data:
                fp.write(d)
            
        else:
            # 获取相关数据          
            data = getdata(im) 
            imdes, data = data[0], data[1:]       
            graphext = getGraphicsControlExt(durations[frames])
            
            # 写入图像
            fp.write(graphext)
            fp.write(imdes)
            for d in data:
                fp.write(d)   
        # 准备下一个回合
        previous = im.copy()        
        frames = frames + 1

    fp.write(";")  # 写入完成
    return frames

def writeGif(filename, images, duration=0.1, loops=0, dither=1):
    """ writeGif(filename, images, duration=0.1, loops=0, dither=1)
    从输入的图像序列中创建GIF动画
    images 是一个PIL Image [] 或者 Numpy Array
    """
    images2 = []
    # 先把图像转换为PIL格式
    for im in images:
        
        if isinstance(im,Image.Image): #如果是PIL Image
            images2.append( im.convert('P',dither=dither) )
            
        elif np and isinstance(im, np.ndarray): #如果是Numpy格式
            if im.dtype == np.uint8:
                pass
            elif im.dtype in [np.float32, np.float64]:
                im = (im*255).astype(np.uint8)
            else:
                im = im.astype(np.uint8)
            # 转换
            if len(im.shape)==3 and im.shape[2]==3:
                im = Image.fromarray(im,'RGB').convert('P',dither=dither)
            elif len(im.shape)==2:
                im = Image.fromarray(im,'L').convert('P',dither=dither)
            else:
                raise ValueError("图像格式不正确")
            images2.append(im)
            
        else:
            raise ValueError("未知图像格式")
    
    # 检查动画播放时间
    durations = [duration for im in images2]
    # 打开文件
    fp = open(filename, 'wb')
    # 写入GIF
    try:
        n = _writeGifToFile(fp, images2, durations, loops)
    finally:
        fp.close()
    return n

############################################################
## 将多帧位图合成为一幅gif图像
def images2gif( images, giffile, durations=0.05, loops = 1):
    seq = []
    for i in range(len(images)):
        im = Image.open(images[i])
        background = Image.new('RGB', im.size, (255,255,255))
        background.paste(im, (0,0))
        seq.append(background)
    frames = writeGif( giffile, seq, durations, loops)
    print frames, 'images has been merged to', giffile

## 将gif图像每一帧拆成独立的位图 
def gif2images( filename, distDir = '.', type = 'bmp' ):
    if not os.path.exists(distDir):
        os.mkdir(distDir)
    print 'spliting', filename,
    im  = Image.open( filename )
    im.seek(0)  # skip to the second frame
    cnt = 0
    type = string.lower(type)
    mode = 'RGB'  # image modea
    if type == 'bmp' or type == 'png':
        mode = 'P'    # image mode 
    im.convert(mode).save(distDir+'/%d.'%cnt+type )
    cnt = cnt+1
    try:
        while 1:
            im.seek(im.tell()+1)
            im.convert(mode).save(distDir+'/%d.'%cnt+type)
            cnt = cnt+1
    except EOFError:
        pass # end of sequence
    white = (255,255,255)
    preIm = Image.open(distDir+'/%d.'%0+type).convert('RGB')
    size = preIm.size
    prePixs = preIm.load()
    for k in range (1,cnt):
        print '.',
        im = Image.open(distDir+'/%d.'%k+type).convert('RGB')
        pixs = im.load()
        for i in range(size[0]):
            for j in range(size[1]):
                if pixs[i,j] == white:
                    pixs[i,j] = prePixs[i,j]
        preIm = im
        prePixs = preIm.load()
        im.convert(mode).save(distDir+'/%d.'%k+type)
    print '\n', filename, 'has been splited to directory: [',distDir,']'
    return cnt      # 总帧数

##############################################################
if __name__ == '__main__':
    frames = gif2images('source.gif',distDir='tmp',type='png')
    images = []
    for i in range(frames-1,-1,-1):
        images.append('tmp/%d.png'%i)
    images2gif(images,'save.gif', durations = 0.05)

参考： http://blog.csdn.net/hackjames/article/details/6950837