python版本2.7,使用PIL库,代码如下:
import ImageGrab # from PIL
import time
import string
from PIL import Image, ImageChops
from PIL.GifImagePlugin import getheader, getdata
import os
def intToBin(i):
""" 把整型数转换为双字节 """
# 先分成两部分,高8位和低8位
i1 = i % 256
i2 = int( i/256)
# 合成小端对齐的字符串
return chr(i1) + chr(i2)
def getheaderAnim(im):
""" 生成动画文件头 """
bb = "GIF89a"
bb += intToBin(im.size[0])
bb += intToBin(im.size[1])
bb += "\x87\x00\x00" #使用全局颜色表
return bb
def getAppExt(loops=0):
""" 应用扩展,默认为0,为0是表示动画是永不停止
"""
bb = "\x21\xFF\x0B" # application extension
bb += "NETSCAPE2.0"
bb += "\x03\x01"
if loops == 0:
loops = 2**16-1
bb += intToBin(loops)
bb += '\x00' # end
return bb
def getGraphicsControlExt(duration=0.1):
""" 设置动画时间间隔 """
bb = '\x21\xF9\x04'
bb += '\x08' # no transparancy
bb += intToBin( int(duration*100) ) # in 100th of seconds
bb += '\x00' # no transparant color
bb += '\x00' # end
return bb
def _writeGifToFile(fp, images, durations, loops):
""" 把一系列图像转换为字节并存入文件流中
"""
# 初始化
frames = 0
previous = None
for im in images:
if not previous:
# 第一个图像
# 获取相关数据
palette = getheader(im)[1] #取第一个图像的调色板
data = getdata(im)
imdes, data = data[0], data[1:]
header = getheaderAnim(im)
appext = getAppExt(loops)
graphext = getGraphicsControlExt(durations[0])
# 写入全局头
fp.write(header)
fp.write(palette)
fp.write(appext)
# 写入图像
fp.write(graphext)
fp.write(imdes)
for d in data:
fp.write(d)
else:
# 获取相关数据
data = getdata(im)
imdes, data = data[0], data[1:]
graphext = getGraphicsControlExt(durations[frames])
# 写入图像
fp.write(graphext)
fp.write(imdes)
for d in data:
fp.write(d)
# 准备下一个回合
previous = im.copy()
frames = frames + 1
fp.write(";") # 写入完成
return frames
def writeGif(filename, images, duration=0.1, loops=0, dither=1):
""" writeGif(filename, images, duration=0.1, loops=0, dither=1)
从输入的图像序列中创建GIF动画
images 是一个PIL Image [] 或者 Numpy Array
"""
images2 = []
# 先把图像转换为PIL格式
for im in images:
if isinstance(im,Image.Image): #如果是PIL Image
images2.append( im.convert('P',dither=dither) )
elif np and isinstance(im, np.ndarray): #如果是Numpy格式
if im.dtype == np.uint8:
pass
elif im.dtype in [np.float32, np.float64]:
im = (im*255).astype(np.uint8)
else:
im = im.astype(np.uint8)
# 转换
if len(im.shape)==3 and im.shape[2]==3:
im = Image.fromarray(im,'RGB').convert('P',dither=dither)
elif len(im.shape)==2:
im = Image.fromarray(im,'L').convert('P',dither=dither)
else:
raise ValueError("图像格式不正确")
images2.append(im)
else:
raise ValueError("未知图像格式")
# 检查动画播放时间
durations = [duration for im in images2]
# 打开文件
fp = open(filename, 'wb')
# 写入GIF
try:
n = _writeGifToFile(fp, images2, durations, loops)
finally:
fp.close()
return n
############################################################
## 将多帧位图合成为一幅gif图像
def images2gif( images, giffile, durations=0.05, loops = 1):
seq = []
for i in range(len(images)):
im = Image.open(images[i])
background = Image.new('RGB', im.size, (255,255,255))
background.paste(im, (0,0))
seq.append(background)
frames = writeGif( giffile, seq, durations, loops)
print frames, 'images has been merged to', giffile
## 将gif图像每一帧拆成独立的位图
def gif2images( filename, distDir = '.', type = 'bmp' ):
if not os.path.exists(distDir):
os.mkdir(distDir)
print 'spliting', filename,
im = Image.open( filename )
im.seek(0) # skip to the second frame
cnt = 0
type = string.lower(type)
mode = 'RGB' # image modea
if type == 'bmp' or type == 'png':
mode = 'P' # image mode
im.convert(mode).save(distDir+'/%d.'%cnt+type )
cnt = cnt+1
try:
while 1:
im.seek(im.tell()+1)
im.convert(mode).save(distDir+'/%d.'%cnt+type)
cnt = cnt+1
except EOFError:
pass # end of sequence
white = (255,255,255)
preIm = Image.open(distDir+'/%d.'%0+type).convert('RGB')
size = preIm.size
prePixs = preIm.load()
for k in range (1,cnt):
print '.',
im = Image.open(distDir+'/%d.'%k+type).convert('RGB')
pixs = im.load()
for i in range(size[0]):
for j in range(size[1]):
if pixs[i,j] == white:
pixs[i,j] = prePixs[i,j]
preIm = im
prePixs = preIm.load()
im.convert(mode).save(distDir+'/%d.'%k+type)
print '\n', filename, 'has been splited to directory: [',distDir,']'
return cnt # 总帧数
##############################################################
if __name__ == '__main__':
frames = gif2images('source.gif',distDir='tmp',type='png')
images = []
for i in range(frames-1,-1,-1):
images.append('tmp/%d.png'%i)
images2gif(images,'save.gif', durations = 0.05)
参考: http://blog.csdn.net/hackjames/article/details/6950837