Mockito 之 verify 使用方法

这里以 AlphaService、BetaService 为例，将 BetaService 作为单元测试的目标类。

public class EatInfo {
	private String food;
	private String address;
	
	// setter/getter ...
}

@Service
public class AlphaService {
	public void init() {
		System.out.println("init...");
	}
	
	public void say(String content) {
		System.out.println(content);
	}
	
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("run...");
	}

	public void eat(EatInfo eatInfo) {
		System.out.println("go to" + eatInfo.getAddress() + " to eat " + eatInfo.getFood());
	}
}

@Service
public class BetaService {
	@Autowired
	private AlphaService alphaService;
	public void sayHello() {
		alphaService.init();

		alphaService.say("hello");

		EatInfo eatInfo = new EatInfo();
		eatInfo.setFood("饺子");
		eatInfo.setAddress("你家");
		alphaService.eat(eatInfo);
	}
}

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class BetaServiceTest {
	@InjectMocks
    private BetaService betaService;
    
    @Mock
	private AlphaService alphaService;

	@Test
	public void sayHello1() {
		...
		
		betaService.sayHello();
		
		...
	}
}

各场景下 verify 的使用：

1. 校验 BetaService.sayHello 中是否调用了 AlphaService.init

   @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   public class BetaServiceTest {
   	@InjectMocks
       private BetaService betaService;
       
       @Mock
   	private AlphaService alphaService;
   
   	@Test
   	public void sayHello1() {
   		...
   		
   		betaService.sayHello();
   		
   		...
   
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 是否调用了 AlphaService.init
   		verify(alphaService).init();
   	}
   }
   

2. 校验 BetaService.sayHello 中调用了 AlphaService.init 的次数

   @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   public class BetaServiceTest {
   	@InjectMocks
       private BetaService betaService;
       
       @Mock
   	private AlphaService alphaService;
   
   	@Test
   	public void sayHello1() {
   		...
   		
   		betaService.sayHello();
   		
   		...
   
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 是否调用了 AlphaService.init 1 次
   		verify(alphaService, times(1)).init();
   	}
   }
   

   其实，这里 verify(alphaService, times(1)).init() 等同于 verify(alphaService).init()。让我们来看下 verify(…) 的源代码实现就知道了，如下图：
   

3. 校验 BetaService.sayHello 中没有调用过 AlphaService.run

   @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   public class BetaServiceTest {
   	@InjectMocks
       private BetaService betaService;
       
       @Mock
   	private AlphaService alphaService;
   
   	@Test
   	public void sayHello1() {
   		...
   		
   		betaService.sayHello();
   		
   		...
   
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 没有调用过 AlphaService.run 
   		verify(alphaService, times(0)).run();
   	}
   }
   

   或

   @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   public class BetaServiceTest {
   	@InjectMocks
       private BetaService betaService;
       
       @Mock
   	private AlphaService alphaService;
   
   	@Test
   	public void sayHello1() {
   		...
   		
   		betaService.sayHello();
   		
   		...
   
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 没有调用过 AlphaService.run 
   		verify(alphaService, never()).run();
   	}
   }
   

4. 校验 BetaService.sayHello 中的 AlphaService.run 方法 最少 or 最多 调用了多少次

   @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   public class BetaServiceTest {
   	@InjectMocks
       private BetaService betaService;
       
       @Mock
   	private AlphaService alphaService;
   
   	@Test
   	public void sayHello1() {
   		...
   		
   		betaService.sayHello();
   		
   		...
   
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 中 AlphaService.run 方法最少被调用过 1 次
   		verify(alphaService, atLeast(1)).run();
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 中 AlphaService.run 方法最多被调用过 5 次
   		verify(alphaService, atMost(5)).run();
   	}
   }
   

5. 校验 BetaService.sayHello 中的 AlphaService.say 方法被调用的时候，是否使用了特定的参数

   固定参数值：

   @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   public class BetaServiceTest {
   	@InjectMocks
       private BetaService betaService;
       
       @Mock
   	private AlphaService alphaService;
   
   	@Test
   	public void sayHello1() {
   		...
   		
   		betaService.sayHello();
   		
   		...
   
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 调用 AlphaService.say 的时候，参数值是 "hello" 
   		verify(alphaService).say("hello");
   	}
   }
   

   任何参数值：

   @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   public class BetaServiceTest {
   	@InjectMocks
       private BetaService betaService;
       
       @Mock
   	private AlphaService alphaService;
   
   	@Test
   	public void sayHello1() {
   		...
   		
   		betaService.sayHello();
   		
   		...
   
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 调用 AlphaService.say 的时候，参数值是任何字符串
   		verify(alphaService).say(anyString());
   	}
   }
   

6. 校验 BetaService.sayHello 中的 AlphaService.eat 方法被调用的时候，作为参数的 EatInfo 对象中属性 food 值为 “饺子”， 属性 address 值为 “你家”

   @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   public class BetaServiceTest {
   	@InjectMocks
       private BetaService betaService;
       
       @Mock
   	private AlphaService alphaService;
   
   	@Test
   	public void sayHello1() {
   		...
   		
   		betaService.sayHello();
   		
   		...
   
   		// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 调用 AlphaService.eat 的时候，作为参数的 EatInfo 对象中属性 food 值为 "饺子"， 属性 address 值为 "你家"
           ArgumentCaptor<AlphaService> alphaServiceAC = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(AlphaService.class);
           verify(alphaService).eat(alphaServiceAC.capture());
   		assertThat(alphaServiceAC.getValue().getFood(), allOf(notNullValue(), is("饺子")));
           assertThat(alphaServiceAC.getValue().getAddress(), allOf(notNullValue(), is("你家")));
   	}
   }
   

   **这里用到了「参数捕获器」 ArgumentCaptor **

7. 校验在 BetaService.sayHello 中方法的调用顺序是 alphaService.init、alphaService.say、alphaService.eat

   	@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
   	public class BetaServiceTest {
   		@InjectMocks
   	    private BetaService betaService;
   	    
   	    @Mock
   		private AlphaService alphaService;
   	
   		@Test
   		public void sayHello1() {
   			...
   			
   			betaService.sayHello();
   			
   			...
   
   			// 校验 betaService.sayHello() 中方法的调用顺序是 alphaService.init、alphaService.say、alphaService.eat
   		    InOrder alphaServiceIO = inOrder(alphaService);
   		    alphaServiceIO.verify(alphaService).init();
   		    alphaServiceIO.verify(alphaService).say(anyString());
   		    alphaServiceIO.verify(alphaService).eat(any(EatInfo.class));
   		}
   	}
   	```