初学spring，配置实例！！2011年10月12日, AM 11:05:17

1、在建立单纯的spring项目时，web.xml文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app>

       <servlet>

              <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>

              <servlet-class>

                     org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

              </servlet-class>

              <init-param>

                     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

       <param-value>/WEB-INF/application.xml</param-value>

              </init-param>

       上面加框的一段是用来指定spring配置文件的（可以为任意名，如上），也可以不写，不写时spring的配置文件默认名为:   “<servlet-name>”名-servlet.xml。（如此处的<servlet-name>的值为“spring”,则配置文件名为：springt-servlet.xml）

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

       </servlet>

       <servlet-mapping>

              <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>

              <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

       </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

 

spring配置文件（这里假定为spring-servlet.xml）如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<!--  - Application context definition for "springapp" DispatcherServlet.  -->

<beans>

       <bean id="LoginAction" class="com.ln.spring.LoginAction">

在bean中配置有属性（包括bean格式的属性）时，bean对应的java文件内必须要定义一个与property的name名字一样的属性值，并且需要有这个属性值的getter和setter方法。

              <property name="msg">                    

<value>Hello World</value>

              </property>

              <property name="data">

                     <ref bean="data1" />

当一个bean中有格式为bean的属性时，用“<ref bean="bean-name" />”来指定，在指定”bean-name”后还要在下面用”<bean></bean>”来指定这个bean格式的属性的值,此时”<bean></bean>”中的”id”必须与前面指定的”bean-name”一致。

              </property>

       </bean>

       <bean id="data1" class="com.ln.spring.MyAction">

              <property name="message">

                     <value>liang</value>

              </property>               

       </bean>

       <bean id="urlMapping"       class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">

              <property name="mappings">

                     <props>

                            <prop key="/login.do">LoginAction</prop>

                     </props>

              </property>

       </bean>

</beans>

 

而在建立spring+struts项目时，web.xml文件按照struts项目的规格建立，在此不在多说，而在此时struts-config.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.1//EN" "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_1.dtd">

<struts-config>

       <form-beans>

            <form-bean name="loginForm" type="com.ln.struts.LoginForm" />

       </form-beans>

       <action-mappings>

              <action path="/login"

       type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy"

                     name="loginForm">

                     <forward name="success" path="/main.jsp" />

                     <forward name="failure" path="/loginfail.jsp" />

              </action>

       </action-mappings>

       <plug-in

       className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn">

              <set-property property="contextConfigLocation"

                     value="/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml" />

       </plug-in>

</struts-config>

在这个配置文件中，由于使用spring来管理struts的action所以有两个地方要注意：

1．  Action的”type”指向spring里定义的用来处理action的类，而不是自己写的action.

2.增加了一个”<plug-in></plug-in>“来指定spring配置文件。

 

 

 

 

此时spring-servlet.xml配置文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"

"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>

       <bean name="/login" class="com.ln.struts.LoginAction"

              singleton="false">

此处的bean与struts-config.xml中的action相对应，name与struts-config.xml中action的path一致

              <property name="msg">

                     <value>Hello World</value>

              </property>

       </bean>

</beans>

 

 

2、Spring配置文件总结  

首先来看一个标准的Spring配置文件 applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"
 default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true">

 <!-- 配置数据源 -->
 <bean id="dataSource"
  class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
  <property name="driverClassName">
   <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
  </property>
  <property name="url">
   <value>
    jdbc:mysql://localhost/ssh?characterEncoding=utf-8
   </value>
  </property>
  <property name="username">
   <value>root</value>
  </property>
  <property name="password">
   <value>123</value>
  </property>
 </bean>

 <!--配置SessionFactory -->
 <bean id="sessionFactory"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
  <property name="dataSource">
   <ref bean="dataSource" />
  </property>
  <property name="mappingResources">
   <list>
    <value>com/ssh/pojo/User.hbm.xml</value>
   </list>
  </property>
  <property name="hibernateProperties">
   <props>
    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
   </props>
  </property>
 </bean>
 
 <!-- 事务管理 -->
 <bean id="transactionManager"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
  <property name="sessionFactory">
   <ref bean="sessionFactory" />
  </property>
 </bean>
 
 <!-- hibernateTemplate -->
 <bean id="hibernateTemplate"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate">
  <property name="sessionFactory">
   <ref bean="sessionFactory" />
  </property>
 </bean>

 <!-- 配置数据持久层 -->
 <bean id="userDao"
  class="com.ssh.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
  <property name="hibernateTemplate" ref="hibernateTemplate"></property>
 </bean>
 

 <!-- 配置业务逻辑层 -->
 <bean id="userService"
  class="com.ssh.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
  <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
 </bean>
 

 <!-- 配置控制层 -->
 <bean id="UserAction"
  class="com.ssh.action.UserAction"  scope="prototype">
  <property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>
 </bean>
  <!-- 配置pojo -->
 <bean id="User" class="com.ssh.pojo.User" scope="prototype"/>
</beans>

 

     下面是详解： 

1.基本配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                    ">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.persia">
<!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
</context:component-scan>

<context:annotation-config>
<!--开启注解处理器-->
</context:annotation-config>

<!-- 使用注解,省去了propertity的xml配置，减少xml文件大小 -->
<bean id="personServiceAnno" class="com.persia.PersonServiceAnnotation"></bean>
<bean id="personDaoBeanAnno" class="com.persia.PersonDaoBean"></bean>
<bean id="personDaoBeanAnno2" class="com.persia.PersonDaoBean"></bean>

<!-- 自动注解 -->
<bean id="personServiceAutoInject" class="com.persia.PersonServiceAutoInject" autowire="byName"></bean>

<bean id="personService" class="com.persia.PersonServiceBean">
<!-- 由spring容器去创建和维护，我们只要获取就可以了 -->
</bean>

<bean id="personService2" class="com.persia.PersonServiceBeanFactory" factory-method="createInstance" lazy-init="true"
      init-method="init"  destroy-method="destory">
<!-- 静态工厂获取bean -->
</bean>

<bean id="fac" class="com.persia.PersonServiceBeanInsFactory"></bean>
<bean id="personService3" factory-bean="fac" factory-method="createInstance" scope="prototype">
<!-- 实例工厂获取bean，先实例化工厂再实例化bean-->
</bean>

<!-- ref方式注入属性 -->
<bean id="personDao" class="com.persia.PersonDaoBean"></bean>
<bean id="personService4" class="com.persia.PersonServiceBean">
  <property name="personDao" ref="personDao"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 内部bean方式注入 -->
<bean id="personService5" class="com.persia.PersonServiceBean">
  <property name="personDao">
     <bean class="com.persia.PersonDaoBean"></bean>
  </property>
  <property name="name" value="persia"></property>
  <property name="age" value="21"></property>
 
  <property name="sets">
    <!-- 集合的注入 -->
     <set>
       <value>第一个</value>
       <value>第二个</value>
       <value>第三个</value>
     </set>
  </property>
 
  <property name="lists">
    <!-- 集合的注入 -->
    <list>
        <value>第一个l</value>
       <value>第二个l</value>
       <value>第三个l</value>
    </list>
   
  </property>
 
  <property name="properties">
    <props>
      <prop key="key1">value1</prop>
      <prop key="key2">value2</prop>
      <prop key="key3">value3</prop>
    </props>
  </property>
 
  <property name="map">
   <map>
      <entry key="key1" value="value-1"></entry>
      <entry key="key2" value="value-2"></entry>
      <entry key="key3" value="value-3"></entry>
   </map>
  </property>
</bean>

<bean id="personService6" class="com.persia.PersonServiceBean">
   <constructor-arg index="0" value="构造注入的name" ></constructor-arg>
   <!-- 基本类型可以不写type -->
   <constructor-arg index="1" type="com.persia.IDaoBean" ref="personDao">
   </constructor-arg>
</bean>

</beans>2.开启AOP：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                   ">

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
<bean id="myInterceptor" class="com.persia.service.MyInterceptor"></bean>
<bean id="personServiceImpl" class="com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>AOP的xml版本<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                   ">

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>

<bean id="personService" class="com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl"></bean>
<bean id="aspectBean" class="com.persia.service.MyInterceptor"></bean>

<aop:config>
 <aop:aspect id="myaop" ref="aspectBean">
 <aop:pointcut id="mycut" expression="execution(* com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
 <aop:pointcut id="argcut" expression="execution(* com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl.*(..)) and args(name)"/> 
 <aop:before pointcut-ref="mycut" method="doAccessCheck"  />
 <aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="mycut" method="doAfterReturning"/>
   <aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="mycut" method="doThrowing"/>
   <aop:after pointcut-ref="argcut" method="doAfter" arg-names="name"/>
 <aop:around pointcut-ref="mycut" method="arround"/>
 </aop:aspect>
 
</aop:config>

</beans>3.开启事务和注解：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
                   ">

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
                  
<!-- 配置数据源 -->  
  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">  
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>  
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>  
    <property name="username" value="root"/>  
    <property name="password" value=""/>  
     <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
     <property name="initialSize" value="1"/>  
     <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
     <property name="maxActive" value="500"/>  
     <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
     <property name="maxIdle" value="2"/>  
     <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
     <property name="minIdle" value="1"/>  
  </bean> 
  
  <!-- 配置事务管理器-->  
 <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">  
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>  
  </bean> 
  <!-- 配置业务bean -->
    <bean id="personService" class="com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl">
    <property name="ds" ref="dataSource"></property>
  </bean>
  
  <!-- 采用@Transactional注解方式来使用事务 -->  
  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/> 

</beans>XML版本：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
                   ">

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
                  
<!-- 配置数据源 -->  
  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">  
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>  
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>  
    <property name="username" value="root"/>  
    <property name="password" value=""/>  
     <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
     <property name="initialSize" value="1"/>  
     <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
     <property name="maxActive" value="500"/>  
     <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
     <property name="maxIdle" value="2"/>  
     <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
     <property name="minIdle" value="1"/>  
  </bean> 
  
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
 <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">  
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>  
  </bean> 
  <!-- 配置业务bean -->
   <bean id="personService" class="com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl">
    <property name="ds" ref="dataSource"></property>
  </bean>
 
 
    <!-- 使用XML来使用事务管理--> 
<aop:config> 
    <!-- 配置一个切面，和需要拦截的类和方法 -->  
    <aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut" expression="execution(* com.persia.service..*.*(..))"/> 
    <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut"/> 
</aop:config>
<!-- 配置一个事务通知 -->   
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> 
      <tx:attributes>
      <!-- 方法以get开头的，不使用事务 -->
        <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"/>
      <!-- 其他方法以默认事务进行 -->
        <tx:method name="*"/> 
      </tx:attributes> 
</tx:advice> 
  
 
</beans>4.SSH:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
                   ">

 <!-- 配置数据源 -->  
  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">  
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>  
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>  
    <property name="username" value="root"/>  
    <property name="password" value=""/>  
     <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
     <property name="initialSize" value="1"/>  
     <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
     <property name="maxActive" value="500"/>  
     <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
     <property name="maxIdle" value="2"/>  
     <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
     <property name="minIdle" value="1"/>  
  </bean> 
 
  <!-- 配置hibernate的sessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
 <property name="dataSource"><ref bean="dataSource" /></property>
  <property name="mappingResources">
      <list>
        <value>com/persia/model/Person.hbm.xml</value>
      </list>
   </property>
  
     <!-- 1.首先在sessionFactory里面配置以上3条设置 -->
        <!-- 2.然后得在类路径下面添加一个ehcache.xml的缓存配置文件 -->
        <!-- 3.最后在要使用缓存的实体bean的映射文件里面配置缓存设置 -->
             <!--使用二级缓存-->
             <!-- 不使用查询缓存，因为命中率不是很高 -->
             <!-- 使用Ehcache缓存产品 --> 
  <property name="hibernateProperties">
      <value>
          hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
          hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
          hibernate.show_sql=false
          hibernate.format_sql=false
          hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache=true
                hibernate.cache.use_query_cache=false
             hibernate.cache.provider_class=org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
      </value>
      </property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置Spring针对hibernate的事务管理器 -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>

<!-- 配置使用注解的方式来使用事务 --> 
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>

<!-- 使用手工配置的注解方式来注入bean -->
<context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>

<!--定义要注入的业务bean -->
<bean id="personService" class="com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl"></bean>

<!--将Struts的action交给Spring容器来管理 -->
<bean name="/person/list" class="com.persia.struts.PersonListAction">
<!--1.这里要求name和struts-config里面的action的path名称一致，因为id不允许有特殊字符-->
<!--2.还得在Struts-config文件里面添加Spring的请求处理器，该处理器会根据action的path属性到Spring容器里面寻找这个bean，若找到了则用这个bean来处理用户的请求-->
<!--3.然后去掉action的type标签和值（可选），当Spring处理器找不到该bean时，才会使用Struts的action-->
<!--4.最后在action里面使用Spring的注入方式来注入业务bean-->
</bean>

<bean name="/person/manage" class="com.persia.struts.PersonManageAction"></bean>
</beans>5.SSH2:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
                   ">

 <!-- 配置数据源 -->  
  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">  
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>  
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>  
    <property name="username" value="root"/>  
    <property name="password" value=""/>  
     <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
     <property name="initialSize" value="1"/>  
     <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
     <property name="maxActive" value="500"/>  
     <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
     <property name="maxIdle" value="2"/>  
     <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
     <property name="minIdle" value="1"/>  
  </bean> 
 
  <!-- 配置hibernate的sessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
 <property name="dataSource"><ref bean="dataSource" /></property>
  <property name="mappingResources">
      <list>
        <value>com/persia/model/Person.hbm.xml</value>
      </list>
   </property>
  
     <!-- 1.首先在sessionFactory里面配置以上3条设置 -->
        <!-- 2.然后得在类路径下面添加一个ehcache.xml的缓存配置文件 -->
        <!-- 3.最后在要使用缓存的实体bean的映射文件里面配置缓存设置 -->
             <!--使用二级缓存-->
             <!-- 不使用查询缓存，因为命中率不是很高 -->
             <!-- 使用Ehcache缓存产品 --> 
  <property name="hibernateProperties">
      <value>
          hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
          hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
          hibernate.show_sql=false
          hibernate.format_sql=false
          hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache=true
                hibernate.cache.use_query_cache=false
             hibernate.cache.provider_class=org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
      </value>
      </property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置Spring针对hibernate的事务管理器 -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>

<!-- 配置使用注解的方式来使用事务 --> 
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>

<!-- 使用手工配置的注解方式来注入bean -->
<context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>

<!--定义要注入的业务bean -->
<bean id="personService" class="com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl"></bean>

<!--注入Struts 2的action -->
<bean id="personList" class="com.persia.struts2.action.PersonListAction"></bean>
</beans>6.SSJ:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
                   ">

<!-- 使用手工配置的注解方式来注入bean -->
<context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>

<!-- 1.配置Spring集成JPA -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean">
      <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="SpringJPAPU"/>
</bean>

<!--2.配置Spring针对JPA的事务 -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
     <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>

<!--3.开启事务注解 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
 
<!--以上3个Spring集成JPA的配置，在web项目先添加Spring支持，后添加JPA支持时会自动生成 -->

<!-- 配置业务bean -->
<bean id="personService" class="com.persia.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl"></bean>

<!-- 配置Struts的action -->
<bean name="/person/list" class="com.persia.struts.PersonListAction"/>
<bean name="/person/manage" class="com.persia.struts.PersonManageAction"/>
</beans>

 

 

3、Spring事务配置的五种方式

    前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。

    总结如下：

    Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

    DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问 时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为 HibernateTransactionManager。

    具体如下图：

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter" /> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0" /> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0" /> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1" /> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2" /> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth" /> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight" /> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1" /> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2" /> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth" /> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0" /> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight" /> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0" /> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" /> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t" /> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="图片_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="Spring事务配置 (2)" href="http://www.blogjava.net/images/blogjava_net/robbie/WindowsLiveWriter/Spring_9C9C/Spring%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%20(2).jpg" style='width:490.5pt;height:283.5pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square' o:button="t"> <v:fill o:detectmouseclick="t" /> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.jpg" o:title="Spring事务配置 (2)" /> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

    根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
    <bean id="userDao" 
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> 
           <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> 
           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />    
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" /> 
         <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
        <!-- 配置事务属性 --> 
        <property name="transactionAttributes"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props> 
        </property> 
    </bean> 
</beans>

    第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
    <bean id="transactionBase" 
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" 
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true"> 
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> 
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> 
        <!-- 配置事务属性 --> 
        <property name="transactionAttributes"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
            </props> 
        </property> 
    </bean>   
  
    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" > 
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />  
    </bean>
</beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean> 
  
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor" 
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor"> 
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> 
        <!-- 配置事务属性 --> 
        <property name="transactionAttributes"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
            </props> 
        </property> 
    </bean>
     
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"> 
        <property name="beanNames"> 
            <list> 
                <value>*Dao</value>
            </list> 
        </property> 
        <property name="interceptorNames"> 
            <list> 
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value> 
            </list> 
        </property> 
    </bean> 
 
    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
</beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <bean id="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
   
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
            expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />       
    </aop:config>     
</beans>

第五种方式：全注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
</beans>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

    public List<User> listUsers() {
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
    }
   
    <!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.blogjava.net/Images/dot.gif" style='width:11.25pt;height:15pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image002.gif" o:title="dot" /> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->
}