FFMPEG工程浩大,可以参考的书籍又不是很多,因此很多刚学习FFMPEG的人常常感觉到无从下手。
在此我把自己做项目过程中实现的一个非常简单的音频播放器(大约200行代码)源代码传上来,以作备忘,同时方便新手学习FFMPEG。
该播放器虽然简单,但是几乎包含了使用FFMPEG播放一个音频所有必备的API,并且使用SDL输出解码出来的音频。
并且支持流媒体等多种音频输入。程序使用了新的FFMPEG类库,和早期版本的FFMPEG类库的API函数略有不同。
平台使用VC2010
注意:
1.程序输出的解码后PCM音频数据可以使用Audition打开播放
2.m4a,aac文件可以直接播放。mp3文件需要调整SDL音频帧大小为4608(默认是4096),否则播放会不流畅
3.也可以播放视频中的音频
贴上程序代码:
- //
- //FFMPEG+SDL音频解码程序
- //雷霄骅
- //中国传媒大学/数字电视技术
- //leixiaohua1020@126.com
- //
- //
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <string.h>
- extern "C"
- {
- #include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
- #include "libavformat/avformat.h"
- //SDL
- #include "sdl/SDL.h"
- #include "sdl/SDL_thread.h"
- };
- #include "decoder.h"
- //#include "wave.h"
- //#define _WAVE_
- //全局变量---------------------
- static Uint8 *audio_chunk;
- static Uint32 audio_len;
- static Uint8 *audio_pos;
- //-----------------
- /* The audio function callback takes the following parameters:
- stream: A pointer to the audio buffer to be filled
- len: The length (in bytes) of the audio buffer (这是固定的4096?)
- 回调函数
- 注意:mp3为什么播放不顺畅?
- len=4096;audio_len=4608;两个相差512!为了这512,还得再调用一次回调函数。。。
- m4a,aac就不存在此问题(都是4096)!
- */
- void fill_audio(void *udata,Uint8 *stream,int len){
- /* Only play if we have data left */
- if(audio_len==0)
- return;
- /* Mix as much data as possible */
- len=(len>audio_len?audio_len:len);
- SDL_MixAudio(stream,audio_pos,len,SDL_MIX_MAXVOLUME);
- audio_pos += len;
- audio_len -= len;
- }
- //-----------------
- int decode_audio(char* no_use)
- {
- AVFormatContext *pFormatCtx;
- int i, audioStream;
- AVCodecContext *pCodecCtx;
- AVCodec *pCodec;
- char url[300]={0};
- strcpy(url,no_use);
- //Register all available file formats and codecs
- av_register_all();
- //支持网络流输入
- avformat_network_init();
- //初始化
- pFormatCtx = avformat_alloc_context();
- //有参数avdic
- //if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx,url,NULL,&avdic)!=0){
- if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx,url,NULL,NULL)!=0){
- printf("Couldn't open file.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- // Retrieve stream information
- if(av_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx)<0)
- {
- printf("Couldn't find stream information.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- // Dump valid information onto standard error
- av_dump_format(pFormatCtx, 0, url, false);
- // Find the first audio stream
- audioStream=-1;
- for(i=0; i < pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++)
- //原为codec_type==CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO
- if(pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
- {
- audioStream=i;
- break;
- }
- if(audioStream==-1)
- {
- printf("Didn't find a audio stream.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- // Get a pointer to the codec context for the audio stream
- pCodecCtx=pFormatCtx->streams[audioStream]->codec;
- // Find the decoder for the audio stream
- pCodec=avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id);
- if(pCodec==NULL)
- {
- printf("Codec not found.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- // Open codec
- if(avcodec_open(pCodecCtx, pCodec)<0)
- {
- printf("Could not open codec.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- /********* For output file ******************/
- FILE *pFile;
- #ifdef _WAVE_
- pFile=fopen("output.wav", "wb");
- fseek(pFile, 44, SEEK_SET); //预留文件头的位置
- #else
- pFile=fopen("output.pcm", "wb");
- #endif
- // Open the time stamp file
- FILE *pTSFile;
- pTSFile=fopen("audio_time_stamp.txt", "wb");
- if(pTSFile==NULL)
- {
- printf("Could not open output file.\n");
- return -1;
- }
- fprintf(pTSFile, "Time Base: %d/%d\n", pCodecCtx->time_base.num, pCodecCtx->time_base.den);
- /*** Write audio into file ******/
- //把结构体改为指针
- AVPacket *packet=(AVPacket *)malloc(sizeof(AVPacket));
- av_init_packet(packet);
- //音频和视频解码更加统一!
- //新加
- AVFrame *pFrame;
- pFrame=avcodec_alloc_frame();
- //---------SDL--------------------------------------
- //初始化
- if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_AUDIO | SDL_INIT_TIMER)) {
- printf( "Could not initialize SDL - %s\n", SDL_GetError());
- exit(1);
- }
- //结构体,包含PCM数据的相关信息
- SDL_AudioSpec wanted_spec;
- wanted_spec.freq = pCodecCtx->sample_rate;
- wanted_spec.format = AUDIO_S16SYS;
- wanted_spec.channels = pCodecCtx->channels;
- wanted_spec.silence = 0;
- wanted_spec.samples = 1024; //播放AAC,M4a,缓冲区的大小
- //wanted_spec.samples = 1152; //播放MP3,WMA时候用
- wanted_spec.callback = fill_audio;
- wanted_spec.userdata = pCodecCtx;
- if (SDL_OpenAudio(&wanted_spec, NULL)<0)//步骤(2)打开音频设备
- {
- printf("can't open audio.\n");
- return 0;
- }
- //-----------------------------------------------------
- printf("比特率 %3d\n", pFormatCtx->bit_rate);
- printf("解码器名称 %s\n", pCodecCtx->codec->long_name);
- printf("time_base %d \n", pCodecCtx->time_base);
- printf("声道数 %d \n", pCodecCtx->channels);
- printf("sample per second %d \n", pCodecCtx->sample_rate);
- //新版不再需要
- // short decompressed_audio_buf[(AVCODEC_MAX_AUDIO_FRAME_SIZE * 3) / 2];
- // int decompressed_audio_buf_size;
- uint32_t ret,len = 0;
- int got_picture;
- int index = 0;
- while(av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, packet)>=0)
- {
- if(packet->stream_index==audioStream)
- {
- //decompressed_audio_buf_size = (AVCODEC_MAX_AUDIO_FRAME_SIZE * 3) / 2;
- //原为avcodec_decode_audio2
- //ret = avcodec_decode_audio4( pCodecCtx, decompressed_audio_buf,
- //&decompressed_audio_buf_size, packet.data, packet.size );
- //改为
- ret = avcodec_decode_audio4( pCodecCtx, pFrame,
- &got_picture, packet);
- if ( ret < 0 ) // if error len = -1
- {
- printf("Error in decoding audio frame.\n");
- exit(0);
- }
- if ( got_picture > 0 )
- {
- #if 1
- printf("index %3d\n", index);
- printf("pts %5d\n", packet->pts);
- printf("dts %5d\n", packet->dts);
- printf("packet_size %5d\n", packet->size);
- //printf("test %s\n", rtmp->m_inChunkSize);
- #endif
- //直接写入
- //注意:数据是data【0】,长度是linesize【0】
- #if 1
- fwrite(pFrame->data[0], 1, pFrame->linesize[0], pFile);
- //fwrite(pFrame, 1, got_picture, pFile);
- //len+=got_picture;
- index++;
- //fprintf(pTSFile, "%4d,%5d,%8d\n", index, decompressed_audio_buf_size, packet.pts);
- #endif
- }
- #if 1
- //---------------------------------------
- //printf("begin....\n");
- //设置音频数据缓冲,PCM数据
- audio_chunk = (Uint8*) pFrame->data[0];
- //设置音频数据长度
- audio_len = pFrame->linesize[0];
- //audio_len = 4096;
- //播放mp3的时候改为audio_len = 4096
- //则会比较流畅,但是声音会变调!MP3一帧长度4608
- //使用一次回调函数(4096字节缓冲)播放不完,所以还要使用一次回调函数,导致播放缓慢。。。
- //设置初始播放位置
- audio_pos = audio_chunk;
- //回放音频数据
- SDL_PauseAudio(0);
- //printf("don't close, audio playing...\n");
- while(audio_len>0)//等待直到音频数据播放完毕!
- SDL_Delay(1);
- //---------------------------------------
- #endif
- }
- // Free the packet that was allocated by av_read_frame
- //已改
- av_free_packet(packet);
- }
- //printf("The length of PCM data is %d bytes.\n", len);
- #ifdef _WAVE_
- fseek(pFile, 0, SEEK_SET);
- struct WAVE_HEADER wh;
- memcpy(wh.header.RiffID, "RIFF", 4);
- wh.header.RiffSize = 36 + len;
- memcpy(wh.header.RiffFormat, "WAVE", 4);
- memcpy(wh.format.FmtID, "fmt ", 4);
- wh.format.FmtSize = 16;
- wh.format.wavFormat.FormatTag = 1;
- wh.format.wavFormat.Channels = pCodecCtx->channels;
- wh.format.wavFormat.SamplesRate = pCodecCtx->sample_rate;
- wh.format.wavFormat.BitsPerSample = 16;
- calformat(wh.format.wavFormat); //Calculate AvgBytesRate and BlockAlign
- memcpy(wh.data.DataID, "data", 4);
- wh.data.DataSize = len;
- fwrite(&wh, 1, sizeof(wh), pFile);
- #endif
- SDL_CloseAudio();//关闭音频设备
- // Close file
- fclose(pFile);
- // Close the codec
- avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
- // Close the video file
- av_close_input_file(pFormatCtx);
- return 0;
- }
程序会打印每一帧的信息
运行截图:
完整工程文件路径:
http://download.csdn.net/detail/leixiaohua1020/6033893
FFMPEG相关学习资料:
SDL GUIDE 中文译本
ffdoc (FFMPEG的最完整教程)
如何用FFmpeg编写一个简单播放器
====================
在SourceForge上传了一个版本: