程序要求:
创建一个写端和一个读端,写端写入数据后读端才开始读,读端读完数据后,写端才可以开始写,这样的同步采用信号机制实现,并且写端与读端打开顺序不同也能实现功能;
程序如下:
(1)write.c(写端)#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "sem.h"
typedef struct
{
char buf[1024];
}memory;
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
key_t key;
memory *p = NULL;
int shmid;
int create_flag = 0;
int sem_id;
if ((key = ftok(".", 'a')) < 0)
{
perror("failed to get key");
exit(-1);
}
if ((sem_id = semget(key, 1, 0666 | IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL)) < 0)
{
if (errno == EEXIST)
{
if ((sem_id = semget(key, 1, 0666)) < 0)
{
perror("failed to semget");
exit(-1);
}
}
}
init_sem(sem_id, 0);
if ((shmid = shmget(key, sizeof(memory), 0666 | IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL)) < 0)
{
if (errno == EEXIST)
{
if ((shmid = shmget(key, sizeof(memory), 0666)) < 0)
{
perror("failed to shmget memory");
exit(-1);
}
}
else
{
perror("failed to shmget");
exit(-1);
}
}
else
create_flag = 1;
if ((p = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0)) == (void *)(-1))
{
perror("failed to shmat memory");
exit(-1);
}
while(1)
{
printf(">");
fgets(p->buf, sizeof(p->buf), stdin);
p->buf[strlen(p->buf) - 1] = 0;
sem_v(sem_id);
if (strncmp(p->buf, "quit", 4) == 0)
break;
}
if (create_flag == 1)
{
if (shmdt(p) < 0)
{
perror("failed to shmdt memory");
exit(-1);
}
if (shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL) == -1)
{
perror("failed to delete share memory");
exit(-1);
}
delete_sem(sem_id);
}
return 0;
}
(2)read.c(读端)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "sem.h"
typedef struct
{
char buf[1024];
}memory;
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
key_t key;
int shmid;
memory *p = NULL;
int create_flag = 0;
int sem_id;
if ((key = ftok(".", 'a')) < 0)
{
perror("failed to get key");
exit(-1);
}
if ((sem_id = semget(key, 1, 0666 | IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL)) < 0)
{
if (errno == EEXIST)
{
if ((sem_id = semget(key, 1, 0666)) < 0)
{
perror("failed to semget");
exit(-1);
}
}
}
init_sem(sem_id, 0);
if ((shmid = shmget(key, sizeof(memory), 0666 | IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL)) < 0)
{
if (errno == EEXIST)
{
if ((shmid = shmget(key, sizeof(memory), 0666)) < 0)
{
perror("failed to create share memory");
exit(-1);
}
}
else
{
perror("failed to shmget");
exit(-1);
}
}
else
create_flag = 1;
if ((p = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0)) == (void *)(-1))
{
perror("failed to shmat");
exit(-1);
}
while(1)
{
sem_p(sem_id);
if (strncmp(p->buf, "quit", 4) == 0)
break;
printf("recv: %s\n", p->buf);
}
if (create_flag == 1)
{
if (shmdt(p) < 0)
{
perror("failed to shmdt");
exit(-1);
}
if (shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL) == -1)
{
perror("failed to delete share memory");
exit(-1);
}
delete_sem(sem_id);
}
return 0;
}
关于封装信号量函数的头文件:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void init_sem(int , int );
void delete_sem(int );
void sem_p(int );
void sem_v(int );
union semun
{
int val;
struct semid_ds *buf;
unsigned short *array;
};
void init_sem(int sem_id, int init_value)
{
union semun sem_union;
sem_union.val = init_value;
if (semctl(sem_id, 0, SETVAL, sem_union) < 0)
{
perror("failed to init_sem");
exit(-1);
}
return ;
}
void delete_sem(int sem_id)
{
union semun sem_union;
if (semctl(sem_id, 0, IPC_RMID, sem_union) < 0)
{
perror("failed to delete_sem");
exit(-1);
}
return ;
}
void sem_p(int sem_id)
{
struct sembuf sem_b;
sem_b.sem_num = 0;
sem_b.sem_op = -1;
sem_b.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
if (semop(sem_id, &sem_b, 1) < 0)
{
perror("failed to sem_p");
exit(-1);
}
return;
}
void sem_v(int sem_id)
{
struct sembuf sem_b;
sem_b.sem_num = 0;
sem_b.sem_op = 1;
sem_b.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
if (semop(sem_id, &sem_b, 1) < 0)
{
perror("failed to sem_v");
exit(-1);
}
return ;
}