C code:
#include <stdio.h>
// change no's type from int to long long
long long func(long long no)
{
return no + 1;
}
int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
int i;
i = 100;
func(i);
return 0;
}
Run 'gcc -g' to compile it. Then run 'objdump -S a.out' produce:
a.out: file format elf32-i386
Disassembly of section .init:
08048298 <_init>:
8048298: 55 push %ebp
8048299: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
804829b: 53 push %ebx
804829c: 83 ec 04 sub $0x4,%esp
804829f: e8 00 00 00 00 call 80482a4 <_init+0xc>
80482a4: 5b pop %ebx
80482a5: 81 c3 50 1d 00 00 add $0x1d50,%ebx
80482ab: 8b 93 fc ff ff ff mov -0x4(%ebx),%edx
80482b1: 85 d2 test %edx,%edx
80482b3: 74 05 je 80482ba <_init+0x22>
80482b5: e8 1e 00 00 00 call 80482d8 <__gmon_start__@plt>
80482ba: e8 d1 00 00 00 call 8048390 <frame_dummy>
80482bf: e8 bc 01 00 00 call 8048480 <__do_global_ctors_aux>
80482c4: 58 pop %eax
80482c5: 5b pop %ebx
80482c6: c9 leave
80482c7: c3 ret
Disassembly of section .plt:
080482c8 <__gmon_start__@plt-0x10>:
80482c8: ff 35 f8 9f 04 08 pushl 0x8049ff8
80482ce: ff 25 fc 9f 04 08 jmp *0x8049ffc
80482d4: 00 00 add %al,(%eax)
...
080482d8 <__gmon_start__@plt>:
80482d8: ff 25 00 a0 04 08 jmp *0x804a000
80482de: 68 00 00 00 00 push $0x0
80482e3: e9 e0 ff ff ff jmp 80482c8 <_init+0x30>
080482e8 <__libc_start_main@plt>:
80482e8: ff 25 04 a0 04 08 jmp *0x804a004
80482ee: 68 08 00 00 00 push $0x8
80482f3: e9 d0 ff ff ff jmp 80482c8 <_init+0x30>
Disassembly of section .text:
08048300 <_start>:
8048300: 31 ed xor %ebp,%ebp
8048302: 5e pop %esi
8048303: 89 e1 mov %esp,%ecx
8048305: 83 e4 f0 and $0xfffffff0,%esp
8048308: 50 push %eax
8048309: 54 push %esp
804830a: 52 push %edx
804830b: 68 10 84 04 08 push $0x8048410
8048310: 68 20 84 04 08 push $0x8048420
8048315: 51 push %ecx
8048316: 56 push %esi
8048317: 68 d4 83 04 08 push $0x80483d4
804831c: e8 c7 ff ff ff call 80482e8 <__libc_start_main@plt>
8048321: f4 hlt
8048322: 90 nop
8048323: 90 nop
8048324: 90 nop
8048325: 90 nop
8048326: 90 nop
8048327: 90 nop
8048328: 90 nop
8048329: 90 nop
804832a: 90 nop
804832b: 90 nop
804832c: 90 nop
804832d: 90 nop
804832e: 90 nop
804832f: 90 nop
08048330 <__do_global_dtors_aux>:
8048330: 55 push %ebp
8048331: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
8048333: 53 push %ebx
8048334: 83 ec 04 sub $0x4,%esp
8048337: 80 3d 10 a0 04 08 00 cmpb $0x0,0x804a010
804833e: 75 3f jne 804837f <__do_global_dtors_aux+0x4f>
8048340: a1 14 a0 04 08 mov 0x804a014,%eax
8048345: bb 18 9f 04 08 mov $0x8049f18,%ebx
804834a: 81 eb 14 9f 04 08 sub $0x8049f14,%ebx
8048350: c1 fb 02 sar $0x2,%ebx
8048353: 83 eb 01 sub $0x1,%ebx
8048356: 39 d8 cmp %ebx,%eax
8048358: 73 1e jae 8048378 <__do_global_dtors_aux+0x48>
804835a: 8d b6 00 00 00 00 lea 0x0(%esi),%esi
8048360: 83 c0 01 add $0x1,%eax
8048363: a3 14 a0 04 08 mov %eax,0x804a014
8048368: ff 14 85 14 9f 04 08 call *0x8049f14(,%eax,4)
804836f: a1 14 a0 04 08 mov 0x804a014,%eax
8048374: 39 d8 cmp %ebx,%eax
8048376: 72 e8 jb 8048360 <__do_global_dtors_aux+0x30>
8048378: c6 05 10 a0 04 08 01 movb $0x1,0x804a010
804837f: 83 c4 04 add $0x4,%esp
8048382: 5b pop %ebx
8048383: 5d pop %ebp
8048384: c3 ret
8048385: 8d 74 26 00 lea 0x0(%esi,%eiz,1),%esi
8048389: 8d bc 27 00 00 00 00 lea 0x0(%edi,%eiz,1),%edi
08048390 <frame_dummy>:
8048390: 55 push %ebp
8048391: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
8048393: 83 ec 18 sub $0x18,%esp
8048396: a1 1c 9f 04 08 mov 0x8049f1c,%eax
804839b: 85 c0 test %eax,%eax
804839d: 74 12 je 80483b1 <frame_dummy+0x21>
804839f: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
80483a4: 85 c0 test %eax,%eax
80483a6: 74 09 je 80483b1 <frame_dummy+0x21>
80483a8: c7 04 24 1c 9f 04 08 movl $0x8049f1c,(%esp)
80483af: ff d0 call *%eax
80483b1: c9 leave
80483b2: c3 ret
80483b3: 90 nop
080483b4 <func>:
#include <stdio.h>
long long func(long long no)
{
80483b4: 55 push %ebp
80483b5: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
80483b7: 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%esp
80483ba: 8b 45 08 mov 0x8(%ebp),%eax
80483bd: 89 45 f8 mov %eax,-0x8(%ebp)
80483c0: 8b 45 0c mov 0xc(%ebp),%eax
80483c3: 89 45 fc mov %eax,-0x4(%ebp)
return no + 1;
80483c6: 8b 45 f8 mov -0x8(%ebp),%eax
80483c9: 8b 55 fc mov -0x4(%ebp),%edx
80483cc: 83 c0 01 add $0x1,%eax
80483cf: 83 d2 00 adc $0x0,%edx
}
80483d2: c9 leave
80483d3: c3 ret
080483d4 <main>:
int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
80483d4: 55 push %ebp
80483d5: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
80483d7: 83 e4 f8 and $0xfffffff8,%esp
80483da: 83 ec 18 sub $0x18,%esp
int i;
i = 100;
80483dd: c7 44 24 14 64 00 00 movl $0x64,0x14(%esp)
80483e4: 00
func(i);
80483e5: 8b 44 24 14 mov 0x14(%esp),%eax
80483e9: 89 c2 mov %eax,%edx
80483eb: c1 fa 1f sar $0x1f,%edx
80483ee: 89 04 24 mov %eax,(%esp)
80483f1: 89 54 24 04 mov %edx,0x4(%esp)
80483f5: e8 ba ff ff ff call 80483b4 <func>
return 0;
80483fa: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
}
80483ff: c9 leave
8048400: c3 ret
8048401: 90 nop
8048402: 90 nop
8048403: 90 nop
8048404: 90 nop
8048405: 90 nop
8048406: 90 nop
8048407: 90 nop
8048408: 90 nop
8048409: 90 nop
804840a: 90 nop
804840b: 90 nop
804840c: 90 nop
804840d: 90 nop
804840e: 90 nop
804840f: 90 nop
08048410 <__libc_csu_fini>:
8048410: 55 push %ebp
8048411: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
8048413: 5d pop %ebp
8048414: c3 ret
8048415: 8d 74 26 00 lea 0x0(%esi,%eiz,1),%esi
8048419: 8d bc 27 00 00 00 00 lea 0x0(%edi,%eiz,1),%edi
08048420 <__libc_csu_init>:
8048420: 55 push %ebp
8048421: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
8048423: 57 push %edi
8048424: 56 push %esi
8048425: 53 push %ebx
8048426: e8 4f 00 00 00 call 804847a <__i686.get_pc_thunk.bx>
804842b: 81 c3 c9 1b 00 00 add $0x1bc9,%ebx
8048431: 83 ec 1c sub $0x1c,%esp
8048434: e8 5f fe ff ff call 8048298 <_init>
8048439: 8d bb 18 ff ff ff lea -0xe8(%ebx),%edi
804843f: 8d 83 18 ff ff ff lea -0xe8(%ebx),%eax
8048445: 29 c7 sub %eax,%edi
8048447: c1 ff 02 sar $0x2,%edi
804844a: 85 ff test %edi,%edi
804844c: 74 24 je 8048472 <__libc_csu_init+0x52>
804844e: 31 f6 xor %esi,%esi
8048450: 8b 45 10 mov 0x10(%ebp),%eax
8048453: 89 44 24 08 mov %eax,0x8(%esp)
8048457: 8b 45 0c mov 0xc(%ebp),%eax
804845a: 89 44 24 04 mov %eax,0x4(%esp)
804845e: 8b 45 08 mov 0x8(%ebp),%eax
8048461: 89 04 24 mov %eax,(%esp)
8048464: ff 94 b3 18 ff ff ff call *-0xe8(%ebx,%esi,4)
804846b: 83 c6 01 add $0x1,%esi
804846e: 39 fe cmp %edi,%esi
8048470: 72 de jb 8048450 <__libc_csu_init+0x30>
8048472: 83 c4 1c add $0x1c,%esp
8048475: 5b pop %ebx
8048476: 5e pop %esi
8048477: 5f pop %edi
8048478: 5d pop %ebp
8048479: c3 ret
0804847a <__i686.get_pc_thunk.bx>:
804847a: 8b 1c 24 mov (%esp),%ebx
804847d: c3 ret
804847e: 90 nop
804847f: 90 nop
08048480 <__do_global_ctors_aux>:
8048480: 55 push %ebp
8048481: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
8048483: 53 push %ebx
8048484: 83 ec 04 sub $0x4,%esp
8048487: a1 0c 9f 04 08 mov 0x8049f0c,%eax
804848c: 83 f8 ff cmp $0xffffffff,%eax
804848f: 74 13 je 80484a4 <__do_global_ctors_aux+0x24>
8048491: bb 0c 9f 04 08 mov $0x8049f0c,%ebx
8048496: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax
8048498: 83 eb 04 sub $0x4,%ebx
804849b: ff d0 call *%eax
804849d: 8b 03 mov (%ebx),%eax
804849f: 83 f8 ff cmp $0xffffffff,%eax
80484a2: 75 f4 jne 8048498 <__do_global_ctors_aux+0x18>
80484a4: 83 c4 04 add $0x4,%esp
80484a7: 5b pop %ebx
80484a8: 5d pop %ebp
80484a9: c3 ret
80484aa: 90 nop
80484ab: 90 nop
Disassembly of section .fini:
080484ac <_fini>:
80484ac: 55 push %ebp
80484ad: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
80484af: 53 push %ebx
80484b0: 83 ec 04 sub $0x4,%esp
80484b3: e8 00 00 00 00 call 80484b8 <_fini+0xc>
80484b8: 5b pop %ebx
80484b9: 81 c3 3c 1b 00 00 add $0x1b3c,%ebx
80484bf: e8 6c fe ff ff call 8048330 <__do_global_dtors_aux>
80484c4: 59 pop %ecx
80484c5: 5b pop %ebx
80484c6: c9 leave
80484c7: c3 ret
You can see that a implict cast in source code causes a substantial object code change.
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