一. python的安装
1. 检查操作系统上安装的python版本
# python -V
Python 2.3.4
Linux默认安装的为python2.3.4版本,我们需要python2.5版本
2. 下载安装python2.5版本
# wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.5.4/Python-2.5.4.tgz
# tar -zxvf Python-2.5.4.tgz
# cd Python-2.5.4
# ./configure
# make
# make install
3. 验证安装完成
# python -V
Python 2.5.4
默认的,python可执行文件 被安装在/usr/local/bin/目录下,相关目录在/usr/local/lib/python2.5目录下
二.Oracle即时客户端的安装
1. 下载oracle10G客户端
oracle-instantclient-basic-10.2.0.4-1.i386.rpm
oracle-instantclient-devel-10.2.0.4-1.i386.rpm
2. 安装
# rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient-basic-10.2.0.4-1.i386.rpm
# rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient-devel-10.2.0.4-1.i386.rpm
3. 设置环境变量
vi /etc/profile
将一下内容加入到profile尾部
ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:.
TNS_ADMIN=/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4
SQLPATH=/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client/lib:$SQLPATH
NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8"
export HISTTIMEFORMAT LD_LIBRARY_PATH TNS_ADMIN ORACLE_HOME SQLPATH NLS_LANG
然后退出保存
重载环境变量:source /etc/profile
Python下测试环境变量是否设置正确:
>>> import os
>>> os.environ.get('ORACLE_HOME')
>>> os.environ.get('LD_LIBRARY_PATH')
>>> os.environ.get('PATH')
4.新建tnsname.ora文件放入/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4目录下,tnsname.ora内容如下:
********=
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =********)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = *******)
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
)
)
四、 django框架的安装
1. 下载
http://www.djangoproject.com
2. 安装
# cd sis_soft/
# cd Django-1.0
# python setup.py install
3. 测试
# python
Python 2.5.4 (r254:67916, Jan 12 2009, 14:25:03)
[GCC 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-8)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import django
>>>
没有报错表示安装正常
五、 ORA,MYSQL库需要的一些python库
1. cx_Oracle ,python用于访问oracle数据库的支持包
# tar -zxvf cx_Oracle-5.0.tar.gz
# python setup.py install
或:rpm -ivh --nodeps cx_Oracle-5.0.1-10g-py26-1.x86_64.rpm
2. MySQLdb,python 用于访问mysql数据库的支持包
下载MySQL-python-1.2.2.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf MySQL-python-1.2.2.tar.gz
# cd MySQL-python-1.2.2
# python setup.py install
验证:
#python
#import MySQLdb
会提示can't open file错
这时输入该命令:
#cp /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.16 /usr/lib
即可
注意:
1。如果本机未有安装mysql,则需要安装mysql –dev的包才可以继续安装
2。当在MySQLdb的源码路径build及install完,并导入模块时,发生警告:
>>> import MySQLdb
/usr/local/lib/python2.5/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.3c1-py2.5-linux-x86_64.egg/_mysql.py:3: UserWarning: Module _mysql was already imported from /usr/local/lib/python2.5/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.3c1-py2.5-linux-x86_64.egg/_mysql.pyc, but /root/MySQL-python-1.2.3c1 is being added to sys.path
import sys, pkg_resources, imp
原因是,install后MySQLdb模块已经被放到python的site-pachages目录中;但我在当前目录也存在相同的模块,所以可能会重复导入。只要切换到其他目录运行就可以了。
3. linux环境下cx_Oracle的“ImportError: No module named cx_Oracle”错误(排除软件和环境变量问题)
下载源码包,http://cx-oracle.sourceforge.net/,我下载的源码包是:cx_Oracle-5.0.4.tar.gz按照readme操作编译后,问题解决了
python setup.py build
python setup.py install
接下来介绍3.2版本的安装:
#tar jxvf Python-3.2.tar.bz2
#cd Python-3.2
#./configure
#make && make install
#cd /usr/bin
#ll | grep python
#rm -rf python
#ln -s /home/python/Python-3.2.2/python python
#python
URL:http://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.2/Python-3.2.tar.bz2