SpringMVC+maven

Springmvc的原理：网上很多朋友都写的非常好。这里引用几个

http://jinnianshilongnian.iteye.com/blog/1594806

 

环境：

Eclipse

Tomcat7

JDK1.7

 

使用SpringMVC+maven

一、建立maven项目

建立之后目录结构如下：如果缺少那就需要手动建立

二、在web.xml中配置SpringMVC

首先是配置DispatcherServlet，根据系列（1）的Spring MVC响应流程图，可以看出DispatcherServlet主要就是拦截请求，然后调用对应的Controller和Action，解析和渲染指定的视图并返回响应

<web-app>

  <!-springmvc的配置，入口就是一个servlet -->

  <servlet>

       <servlet-name>testMavenTomcat</servlet-name>

       <servlet-class>

           org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

       </servlet-class>

       <init-param>

            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

            <param-value>/WEB-INF/test-servlet.xml</param-value>

        </init-param>

       <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

    </servlet>

   

    <servlet-mapping>

       <servlet-name>testMavenTomcat</servlet-name>

       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

   

<!-spring的配置，入口就是一个监听器 -->

    <listener>

       <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

    </listener>

   

    <welcome-file-list> 

          <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> 

    </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

 

三、test-servlet.xml，配置springMVC的具体内容

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

 

    <!-- spring mvc-->

    <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 --> 

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

   

    <!-- 扫描web包，应用Spring的注解 @Controller -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.sanshi.controller" />

   

    <!-- 静态资源映射 -->

    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**"location="/WEB-INF/js/" />

    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**"location="/WEB-INF/css/" />

    <mvc:resources mapping="/fonts/**"location="/WEB-INF/fonts/" />

    <mvc:resources mapping="/plugins/**"location="/WEB-INF/plugins/" />

    <mvc:resources mapping="images/**"location="/WEB-INF/images/" />

    <!-- view resolver 视图解析器 -->

    <bean

       class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"

       p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"

       p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"

       p:suffix=".jsp" />

   

    <mvc:annotation-driven />

   

    <!-- MVC AnnotationDriven -->

    <bean

       class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">

       <property name="messageConverters">

           <list>

              <bean id="utf8StringHttpMessageConverter"class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">

                  <property name="supportedMediaTypes">

                     <list>

                         <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>

                     </list>

                  </property>

              </bean>

             

              <!-- <beanid="jacksonMessageConverter"class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">

                   解决 HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException: Could not findacceptable representation

                   <propertyname="supportedMediaTypes">

                       <list>

                           <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>

                       </list>

                   </property>

               </bean> -->

              

           </list>

       </property>

    </bean>

</beans>

 

四、建立Controller，具体如下，有多种和前端交互。把数据存放在ModelAndView对象中，或者存放在request域中，

@Controller

@RequestMapping(value="/")

publicclass MvcController {

 

    @Autowired 

    private HttpServletRequest request;

   

    @RequestMapping("index")

    public String index(){

       return"/index";

    }

   

    @RequestMapping("login")

    public ModelAndView login(){

       ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); 

        modelAndView.addObject("username", "Hello World!"); 

        modelAndView.setViewName("business"); 

        returnmodelAndView;

    }

   

    @RequestMapping("login2")

    public String login2(){

       //HttpServletRequestrequest = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest(); 

        //HttpServletResponse response = ((ServletRequestAttributes)RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getResponse();

       System.out.println("request="+request);

       request.setAttribute("username", "hhhh");

       System.out.println("username="+request.getAttribute("username").toString());

        

       return"business";

    }

}

这里需要注意一点：获取request对象时，如果自己引用jar包就会冲突，jar包包括

javax.servlet-api，jsp-api

可以直接使用Tomcat的jar，因为我在maven中加入了tomcat插件，所以直接配置如下：

五、前端

index.jsp

<html>

<body>

<% 

   request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request,response); 

 %>

</body>

</html>

 

login.jsp

<%@ page language="java"contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

   pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

  <head>

    <title>testMavenMVC 例子</title>

    <meta charset="utf-8">   

    <meta name="viewport"content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    <!--Bootstrap -->

    <link rel="stylesheet"href="http://cdn.bootcss.com/twitter-bootstrap/3.0.3/css/bootstrap.min.css">

    <link rel="stylesheet"href="http://v3.bootcss.com/examples/signin/signin.css"/>

   <!-- HTML5 Shimand Respond.js IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->

    <!--WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// -->

    <!--[if ltIE 9]>

        <script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.0/html5shiv.min.js"></script>

        <script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.3.0/respond.min.js"></script>

    <![endif]-->

     <!-- jQuery(necessary for Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins) -->

    <script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script>

    <!-- Includeall compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed-->

    <script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/twitter-bootstrap/3.0.3/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

  </head>

  <body>

  <div  class="container">

      <form class="form-signin"role="form" action="login">

        <h2 class="form-signin-heading">登陆</h2>

        <input type="text" name="username"class="form-control" placeholder="请输入用户名" requiredautofocus>

 

        <button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">登陆</button>

      </form>

  

  </body>

</html>

 

business.jsp 好久不做前端，都忘了很多，这里要备注一下

<%@ page language="java"contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

   pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ page isELIgnored="false"%>

   

<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTDHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

    ${username}  //使用EL表达式，刚开始老是不行，后来再头上加了一行说明就ok了。注意看一下<%@ page isELIgnored="false"%>

    </br>

    <%=request.getAttribute("username") %> //<%=表达式 %> 不要写分号！

    <%

      String userName= request.getAttribute("username").toString();

      System.out.println("ok ,"+userName);

    %>  //如果<%%>,内部就是后台数据，记得语句完毕写上分号！

</body>

</html>

 

六、启动看效果

http://localhost:8088/testMavenTomact/login2?username=admin

 

最后说明一下maven中添加tomcat插件

<project>

…….

<build>

    <finalName>testMavenTomact</finalName>

    <plugins>

       <plugin>

          <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>

          <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>

          <version>2.2</version>

       </plugin>

    </plugins>

  </build>

……

</project>

 

如果需要https还需要再加-Dmaven.tomcat.httpsPort=8443配置，当然也需要安装安全证书。

如果加上了配置，默认是会报错

结果：C:\Users\Administrator\.keystore (系统找不到指定的文件。)