Callable, FutureTask 学习笔记

创建线程要么实现Runnable类,要么继承于Thread类,.
Runnable类的一个问题是不能返回值, 且不能抛出异常,必须在run方法中处理所有的异常.
Callable类可以返回类型参数中指定的任意类型.
不能直接使用callable提交到Thread中执行, 必须使用ExecutorService来执行Callable对象

FutureTask是封装类,实现了Future与Runnable接口

Demo

class AnnualSaleCalc {
    private static int Number_OF_CUSTOMERS = 100;
    private static int NUMBER_OF_MONTH = 12;
    //用一个二维数组模拟存储数据
    private static int salesMatrix[][];

    private static class Summber implements Callable {
        private int companyId;

        public Summber(int companyId) {
            this.companyId = companyId;
        }

        public Integer call() {
            int sum = 0;
            for (int col = 0; col < NUMBER_OF_MONTH; col++) {
                sum += salesMatrix[companyId][col];
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ " Total Amount client " + companyId + " money => " + sum);
            return sum;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        //初始化二维数组
        generateMatrix();
        ExecutorService excutor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

        //FutureTask 演示DEMO
        Callable<Integer> callableDemo = new Summber(0);

        FutureTask<Integer> funturTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(callableDemo);
        funturTask.run();

        System.out.println( "funturTask.get() => "+funturTask.get());


        //试用invokeAll, 返回一个FutureTask 列表
        List<Callable<Integer>> lstCallables=new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < Number_OF_CUSTOMERS; i++) {
            lstCallables.add(new Summber(i));
        }

        List<Future<Integer>>lstFutures = excutor.invokeAll(lstCallables);
        int sum2 = 0;
        for (Future<Integer> fu :lstFutures) {
            //返回callable的值
            sum2 += fu.get();
        }
        System.out.println("总金额2:"+sum2);
        //endregion

        //试用submit 单个提交,返回一个future对象
        Set<Future<Integer>> set = new HashSet<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < Number_OF_CUSTOMERS; i++) {
            Callable<Integer> cus = new Summber(i);
            Future<Integer> fuTmp = excutor.submit(cus);
            set.add(fuTmp);
        }
        int sum = 0;
        //开始计算
        for (Future<Integer> fu : set) {
            //返回callable的值
            sum += fu.get();
        }
        System.out.println("总金额:"+sum);
        //endregion

        excutor.shutdown();
    }

    private static void generateMatrix() {
        salesMatrix = new int[Number_OF_CUSTOMERS][NUMBER_OF_MONTH];
        for (int i = 0; i < Number_OF_CUSTOMERS; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < NUMBER_OF_MONTH; j++) {
                salesMatrix[i][j] = (int) (Math.random() * 100);
            }
        }
    }
}

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