Servlet 启动过程

新增Web应用时创建注入ContextConfig对象；

//org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat#addWebapp
    public Context addWebapp(Host host, String url, String name, String path) {
        silence(host, url);

//1. 创建standardContext
        Context ctx = new StandardContext();
        ctx.setName(name);
        ctx.setPath(url);
        ctx.setDocBase(path);

        ctx.addLifecycleListener(new DefaultWebXmlListener());

        //创建contextConfig
        ContextConfig ctxCfg = new ContextConfig();
        ctx.addLifecycleListener(ctxCfg);

        // prevent it from looking ( if it finds one - it'll have dup error )
        ctxCfg.setDefaultWebXml(noDefaultWebXmlPath());

        if (host == null) {
            getHost().addChild(ctx);
        } else {
            host.addChild(ctx);
        }

        return ctx;
    }

ContextConfig 记录servlet配置信息,
当StandardContext.init()时, ContextConfig.init()被调用, contextconfig解析配置信息的功能由类Digester来实现.

在Tomcat中Servlet的创建由StandardWrapper来实现.

//org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper

//存储单例的Servlet
  protected Stack<Servlet> instancePool = null;

//存储非单例的Servlet, 注意此处的volatile关键字  
  protected volatile Servlet instance = null;

 public boolean isSingleThreadModel() {
       if (singleThreadModel || instance != null) {
           return singleThreadModel;
       }        
       try {
           Servlet s = allocate();
           deallocate(s);
       } catch (Throwable t) {
           ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);
       }
       return (singleThreadModel);
   }