【Ubuntu】的apt-get源修改与使用-Ubuntu18.04

提示:博主是桌面版Ubuntu18.04

1.修改apt-get国内镜像源的方法

1,原文件备份

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

2,编辑源列表文件

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

3,删除原来内容，添加以下新内容(阿里源)

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

4,更新

sudo apt-get update
# 更新软件
sudo apt-get upgrade

2.apt-get常用命令

1,搜索包

apt-cache search packagename 

目标包名packagename

2,获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等

apt-cache show packagename

3, 安装包

apt-get install packagename

4, 重新安装包

apt-get install packagename -- reinstall

5, 删除包

apt-get remove packagename

6, 删除包，包括删除配置文件等

apt-get remove packagename

7, 更新源

apt-get update

8, 更新已安装的包

apt-get upgrade 

9, 升级系统

apt-get dist-upgrade 

10, 清理无用的包

apt-get clean 
# 或
apt-get autoclean

11, 检查是否有损坏的依赖

apt-get check