android bluedroid bt 读写特性值的流程

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 03:00:00 发布

yanli0084

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 03:00:00 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yanli0084/article/details/51829945

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本文详细介绍了在Android 5.0中，如何通过BluetoothGatt API进行蓝牙设备之间的特性值读写操作。从应用层的writeCharacteristic接口开始，逐步深入到JNI层的native方法gattClientWriteCharacteristicNative，最终调用HAL层的相关接口完成实际的数据传输。整个流程涉及多个层级的交互，包括框架层、服务层和HAL接口。

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这里我们以android 5.0来讲，当两个设备通过HOGP建立连接后，双方可以通过gatt read/write 读/写相关的特性值，

这里以write为例子，例如在APK里面调用如下的API接口，

framework/base/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGatt.java

/**

* Writes a given characteristic and its values to the associated remote device.

* <p>Once the write operation has been completed, the

* {@link BluetoothGattCallback#onCharacteristicWrite} callback is invoked,

* reporting the result of the operation.

* <p>Requires {@link android.Manifest.permission#BLUETOOTH} permission.

* @param characteristic Characteristic to write on the remote device

* @return true, if the write operation was initiated successfully

public boolean writeCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {

if ((characteristic.getProperties() & BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE) == 0

&& (characteristic.getProperties() &

BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE_NO_RESPONSE) == 0) return false;

if (VDBG) Log.d(TAG, "writeCharacteristic() - uuid: " + characteristic.getUuid());

if (mService == null || mClientIf == 0 || characteristic.getValue() == null) return false;

BluetoothGattService service = characteristic.getService();

if (service == null) return false;

BluetoothDevice device = service.getDevice();

if (device == null) return false;

synchronized(mDeviceBusy) {

if (mDeviceBusy) return false;

mDeviceBusy = true;

}

try {

mService. writeCharacteristic(mClientIf, device.getAddress(),

service.getType(), service.getInstanceId(),

new ParcelUuid(service.getUuid()), characteristic.getInstanceId(),

new ParcelUuid(characteristic.getUuid()),

characteristic.getWriteType(), AUTHENTICATION_NONE,

characteristic.getValue());

} catch (RemoteException e) {

Log.e(TAG,"",e);

mDeviceBusy = false;

return false;

}

return true;

}

mService为 IBluetoothGatt mService的一个接口，那么它是在哪里实现的呢？

它是在package/app/bluetooth/src/com/android/bluetooth/GattService.java里面实现的，如下：

/**

* Handlers for incoming service calls

private static class BluetoothGattBinder extends IBluetoothGatt.Stub implements IProfileServiceBinder {

private GattService mService;

那么就会调用 BluetoothGattBinder 的writeCharacteristic的方法，如下：

public void writeCharacteristic(int clientIf, String address, int srvcType,

int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId,

int charInstanceId, ParcelUuid charId,

int writeType, int authReq, byte[] value) {

GattService service = getService();

if (service == null) return;

service. writeCharacteristic(clientIf, address, srvcType, srvcInstanceId,

srvcId.getUuid(), charInstanceId,

charId.getUuid(), writeType, authReq,

value);

}

那么会继续在调用GattService里面的 writeCharacteristic 方法，如下：

void writeCharacteristic(int clientIf, String address, int srvcType,

int srvcInstanceId, UUID srvcUuid,

int charInstanceId, UUID charUuid, int writeType,

int authReq, byte[] value) {

enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(BLUETOOTH_PERM, "Need BLUETOOTH permission");

if (isHidUuid(charUuid)) enforcePrivilegedPermission();

if (VDBG) Log.d(TAG, "writeCharacteristic() - address=" + address);

if (mReliableQueue.contains(address)) writeType = 3; // Prepared write

Integer connId = mClientMap.connIdByAddress(clientIf, address);

if (connId != null)

gattClientWriteCharacteristicNative(connId, srvcType,

srvcInstanceId, srvcUuid.getLeastSignificantBits(),

srvcUuid.getMostSignificantBits(), charInstanceId,

charUuid.getLeastSignificantBits(), charUuid.getMostSignificantBits(),

writeType, authReq, value);

else

Log.e(TAG, "writeCharacteristic() - No connection for " + address + "...");

}

接下来就会调用JNI的native方法， gattClientWriteCharacteristicNative，如下：

它是在package/app/bluetooth/jni/ com_android_bluetooth_gatt.cpp

static void gattClientWriteCharacteristicNative(JNIEnv* env, jobject object,

jint conn_id, jint service_type, jint service_id_inst_id,

jlong service_id_uuid_lsb, jlong service_id_uuid_msb,

jint char_id_inst_id,

jlong char_id_uuid_lsb, jlong char_id_uuid_msb,

jint write_type, jint auth_req, jbyteArray value)

{

if (!sGattIf) return;

if (value == NULL) {

warn("gattClientWriteCharacteristicNative() ignoring NULL array");

return;

}

btgatt_srvc_id_t srvc_id;

srvc_id.id.inst_id = (uint8_t) service_id_inst_id;

srvc_id.is_primary = (service_type == BTGATT_SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY ? 1 : 0);

set_uuid(srvc_id.id.uuid.uu, service_id_uuid_msb, service_id_uuid_lsb);

btgatt_gatt_id_t char_id;

char_id.inst_id = (uint8_t) char_id_inst_id;

set_uuid(char_id.uuid.uu, char_id_uuid_msb, char_id_uuid_lsb);

uint16_t len = (uint16_t) env->GetArrayLength(value);

jbyte *p_value = env->GetByteArrayElements(value, NULL);

if (p_value == NULL) return;

sGattIf->client-> write_characteristic(conn_id, &srvc_id, &char_id,

write_type, len, auth_req, (char*)p_value);

env->ReleaseByteArrayElements(value, p_value, 0);

}

JNI的这个接口会继续通过 sGattIf->client的接口调用HAL层相关接口，接口定义如下：

在文件hardware/libhardware/include/hardware/bt_gatt_client.h文件里面，

/** Represents the standard BT-GATT client interface. */

typedef struct {

/** Registers a GATT client application with the stack */

bt_status_t (*register_client)( bt_uuid_t *uuid );

/** Unregister a client application from the stack */

bt_status_t (*unregister_client)(int client_if );

/** Start or stop LE device scanning */

bt_status_t (*scan)( bool start );

/** Create a connection to a remote LE or dual-mode device */

bt_status_t (*connect)( int client_if, const bt_bdaddr_t *bd_addr,

bool is_direct, int transport );

/** Disconnect a remote device or cancel a pending connection */

bt_status_t (*disconnect)( int client_if, const bt_bdaddr_t *bd_addr,

int conn_id);

/** Start or stop advertisements to listen for incoming connections */

bt_status_t (*listen)(int client_if, bool start);

/** Clear the attribute cache for a given device */

bt_status_t (*refresh)( int client_if, const bt_bdaddr_t *bd_addr );

/**

* Enumerate all GATT services on a connected device.

* Optionally, the results can be filtered for a given UUID.

bt_status_t (*search_service)(int conn_id, bt_uuid_t *filter_uuid );

/**

* Enumerate included services for a given service.

* Set start_incl_srvc_id to NULL to get the first included service.

bt_status_t (*get_included_service)( int conn_id, btgatt_srvc_id_t *srvc_id,

btgatt_srvc_id_t *start_incl_srvc_id);

/**

* Enumerate characteristics for a given service.

* Set start_char_id to NULL to get the first characteristic.

bt_status_t (*get_characteristic)( int conn_id,

btgatt_srvc_id_t *srvc_id, btgatt_gatt_id_t *start_char_id);

/**

* Enumerate descriptors for a given characteristic.

* Set start_descr_id to NULL to get the first descriptor.

bt_status_t (*get_descriptor)( int conn_id,