python中@staticmethod/@classmethod

python 中@staticmethod and @classmethod

1. 对于类中的三种method的区别
   
   a) 类中的正常方法，其中参数包含显示的self 参数–这个函数可以调用使用类的各个属性
   b) 通过@staticmethod声明的，属于类的静态方法–调用方法:instance.static_func()/CLASS.static_func()
   @staticmethod
   static_func(*arg)
   c)通过@classmethod声明的，属于类的类方法，
   @classmethod
   class_func(cls,*arg)–cls是类，调用:instance.class_func(*arg)/CLASS.class_func(*arg)

2. 对于类中的普通函数，当需要调用的时候必须实例化，对于声明为staticmethod/classmethod ，不需要实例化，直接使用类名调用。

class Method:
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
    def get_name(self):
        return (self.name)
    @staticmethod
    def static_func(lastname):
        print('called static func--{}'.format(lastname))
    @classmethod
    def class_func(cls,num=0):
        print('called class func--{}-->{}'.format(cls,num))
class Method_i(Method):
    pass
m = Method('bob',20)
n = Method_i('Su',30)
print(m.__dict__)
print(n.__dict__)

m.get_name()
m.static_func('Smith')
Method.static_func('Smith')
m.class_func(80)
Method.class_func(90)
print("*"*10)
n.get_name()
n.static_func('Sue')
Method_i.static_func('Sue')
n.class_func(100)

output:
{‘name’: ‘bob’, ‘age’: 20}
{‘name’: ‘Su’, ‘age’: 30}
called static func–Smith
called static func–Smith
called class func–<class ‘main.Method’>–>80
called class func–<class ‘main.Method’>–>90

---

called static func–Sue
called static func–Sue
called class func–<class ‘main.Method_i’>–>100