MySQL多表关联查询，视图，索引

1.创建student和score表

CREATE  TABLE student (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY ,
name  VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL ,
sex  VARCHAR(4) ,
birth  YEAR,
department  VARCHAR(20) ,
address  VARCHAR(50)
);
创建score表。SQL代码如下：
CREATE  TABLE score (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,
c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,
grade  INT(10)
);

2.为student表和score表增加记录

向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');

向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

 查询student表的所有记录

mysql> select * from student;

 查询student表的第2条到4条记录

mysql> select * from student  limit 1,3;

 从student表查询所有学生的学号（id）、姓名（name）和院系（department）的信息

mysql> select id,name,department from student;

从student表中查询计算机系和英语系的学生的信息

mysql> select * from student where department='计算机系' or department='英语系';

 

 从student表中查询年龄18~22岁的学生信息

mysql> select * from student where year(now()) -birth between 18 and 22;

从student表中查询每个院系有多少人

mysql> select department,count(*) from student group by department;

 

 从score表中查询每个科目的最高分

mysql> select c_name,max(grade) from score group by c_name;

查询李四的考试科目（c_name）和考试成绩（grade）

mysql> select c_name,grade
    -> from score join student
    -> on score.stu_id=student.id
    -> where name='李四';

 

用连接的方式查询所有学生的信息和考试信息

mysql> select * from score join student on score.stu_id=student.id;

计算每个学生的总成绩

mysql> select name,sum(grade)
    -> from score join student
    -> on score.stu_id=student.id
    -> group by name;

计算每个考试科目的平均成绩

mysql> select c_name,avg(grade)
    -> from score join student
    -> on score.stu_id=student.id
    -> group by c_name;

查询计算机成绩低于95的学生信息

mysql> select *
    -> from score join student
    -> on score.stu_id=student.id
    -> where grade<95 and c_name ='计算机';

 查询同时参加计算机和英语考试的学生的信息

mysql> select * from student
    -> where id in(
    -> select stu_id from score
    -> where c_name='计算机'
    -> and stu_id in(
    -> select stu_id from score
    -> where c_name='英语')
    -> );

 

将计算机考试成绩按从高到低进行排序

mysql> select grade from score where c_name='计算机' order by grade desc;

从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号，然后合并查询结果

mysql> select distinct id from student
    -> union all
    -> select distinct stu_id from score;

 查询姓张或者姓王的同学的姓名、院系和考试科目及成绩

mysql> select name,department,c_name,grade
    -> from score join student
    -> on score.stu_id=student.id
    -> where name like '张%' or name like'王%';

查询都是湖南的学生的姓名、年龄、院系和考试科目及成绩 

mysql> select name,birth,department,c_name,grade
    -> from score join student
    -> on score.stu_id=student.id
    -> where address like '湖南%';

1.用SQL语句创建学生表student，定义主键，姓名不能重名，性别只能输入男或女，所在系的默认值是 “计算机”。

create table student( Sno int primary key, Sname varchar(20) unique, Ssex varchar(20) check(Ssex in ('男','女')), Sage int not null,Sdept varchar(30) default('计算机'));

2.修改student 表中年龄（age）字段属性，数据类型由int 改变为smallint。

mysql> alter table student modify Sage smallint;

为student表中添加数据

 insert into student values (1,'赵','女',19,'计算机'), (2,'钱','女',19,'英语'), (3,'孙','男',19,'计算机'), (4,'李','男',18,'数学'), (5,'周','男',17,'语文');

3.为SC表建立按学号（sno）和课程号（cno）组合的升序的主键索引，索引名为SC_INDEX 。

mysql> create table Course(
    -> Cno int primary key,
    -> Cname varchar(20) not null);
mysql> create table SC(
    -> Sno int,
    -> Cno int,
    -> Score int,
    ->  primary key (Sno,Cno)
    -> );
mysql> create unique index SC_INDEX on SC(Sno,Cno);

为Course表和SC表中添加数据

mysql> insert into Course values
    -> (123,'计算机'),
    -> (124,'英语'),
    -> (125,'数学'),
    -> (126,'语文');
mysql> insert into SC values
    -> (1,123,90),
    -> (1,125,78)
    -> (2,124,97),
    -> (3,125,96),
    -> (4,125,92),
    -> (5,126,89);

4.创建一视图 stu_info,查询全体学生的姓名，性别，课程名，成绩

 create view stu_info as select student.Sname,student.Ssex,Course.Cname,SC.Score from  student,Course,SC where student.Sno = SC.Sno and Course.Cno = SC.Cno;