文件上传是JavaWeb开发中经常使用的一个功能。文件上传功能一般需要使用一些组件来完成。这样的组件有apache的Commons FileUpload,JavaZoom的UploadBean和JspSmartUpload组件等。比如Structs框架中的文件上传就是使用FileUpload组件来实现的。
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>using commons Upload to upload file</title>
</head>
<style>*{font-family:"宋体";font-size:14px}*</style>
<body>
<palign="center">请您选择需要上传的文件</p>
<form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/UploadServlet" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<table border="0" align="center">
<tr><td>上传人:</td><td>
<input name="name" type="text" id="name" size="20"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td>上传文件:</td>
<td><input name="file" type="file" size="20"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="提交">
<input type="reset" name="Reset" value="重置"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
注意form表单的action参数设置,需要跳转到后台的servlet程序,需要与web.xml文件内部的配置一直关联。form新增的enctype属性,属性值为multipart/form-data,这个属性是通过表单上传文件必不可少的参数。
Step4:编辑UploadServlet.java
package webbook.chapter14;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.*;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.*;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.*;
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet{
private static final long serialVersionUID=-2201219701121037194L;
private String savePath;
ServletContext sc;
public void init(ServletConfig config){
savePath=config.getInitParameter("savePath");
sc=config.getServletContext();
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException,IOException{
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);//具备上传功能的类
try{
List items = upload.parseRequest(request);//获取上传文件的所有的参数
Iterator itr = items.iterator();
while(itr.hasNext()){
FileItem item = (FileItem)itr.next();
if(item.isFormField()){
System.out.println("表单参数名:"+item.getFieldName()+",表单参数值:"+item.getString("UTF-8"));
request.setAttribute("upload.message", "上传成功");
}else{
if(item.getName()!=null && !item.getName().equals("")){
}else{
request.setAttribute("upload.message", "没有选择文件");
}
}
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
request.setAttribute("upload.message", "上传文件失败");
}
request.getRequestDispatcher("uploadResult.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
}
Step6:编辑UploadResult.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>upload result page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<style>*{font-family:"宋体";font-size:14px}</style>
<body>
<center>
<p>${requestScope['upload.message'] }</p>
</center>
</body>
</html>
修改web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>webbook.chapter14.UploadServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>savePath</param-name>
<param-value>uploads</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/UploadServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
不要忘了servlet-mapping
需要在webroot根目录下新建一个uploads子目录,用来保存上传到服务器的文件。通过浏览器调用uploadfile.jsp文件选择所要上传的文件,提交表单后文件就会上传到web的Uploads目录下。