leetcode sql 185. Department Top Three Salaries

The Employee table holds all employees. Every employee has an Id, and there is also a column for the department Id.

+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name  | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1  | Joe   | 70000  | 1            |
| 2  | Henry | 80000  | 2            |
| 3  | Sam   | 60000  | 2            |
| 4  | Max   | 90000  | 1            |
| 5  | Janet | 69000  | 1            |
| 6  | Randy | 85000  | 1            |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+

The Department table holds all departments of the company.

+----+----------+
| Id | Name     |
+----+----------+
| 1  | IT       |
| 2  | Sales    |
+----+----------+

Write a SQL query to find employees who earn the top three salaries in each of the department. For the above tables, your SQL query should return the following rows.

+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT         | Max      | 90000  |
| IT         | Randy    | 85000  |
| IT         | Joe      | 70000  |
| Sales      | Henry    | 80000  |
| Sales      | Sam      | 60000  |
+------------+----------+--------+

---

思路：观察知道，因为要记录每个部门前3的员工信息，需要比较2张员工表。所以，联立2张员工表，第一张记录员工表信息e，第二张e2记录比第一张员工的工资多的员工，在用count(distinct e2.Salary)<=3函数算出符合条件的员工，

注意：1.根据每个部门和第一张员工表分组。在count(distinct e2.Salary)<=3 ，并注意去重。

          2.顺序根据员工部门，和salary。

select d.name Department,e.Name Employee,e.Salary Salary
from Department d,Employee e,Employee e2 #第二个表记录同部门小于e1中的个数
where e.DepartmentId=d.id
and e2.DepartmentId=d.id
and e2.Salary>=e.Salary
group by d.id,e.id
having count(distinct e2.Salary)<=3
order by d.id,e.Salary DESC

转一个评论区看到的子查询：https://leetcode.com/problems/department-top-three-salaries/discuss/53699/My-tidy-solution

select D.Name as Department, E.Name as Employee, E.Salary as Salary 
  from Employee E, Department D
   where (select count(distinct(Salary)) from Employee 
           where DepartmentId = E.DepartmentId and Salary > E.Salary) in (0, 1, 2)
         and 
           E.DepartmentId = D.Id 
         order by E.DepartmentId, E.Salary DESC;