ContentProvider内容提供者的使用

介绍

1、ContentProvider内容提供者（四大组件之一）主要用于在不同的应用程序之间实现数据共享的功能。
2、三个重点
(1) contentProvider 内容提供者
(2) contentResolve 内容解析者
(3) uri 地址
简单的理解：内容提供者提供一个地址,内容解析者把uri解析一下,去指向提供者的地址.。

思路

1.提供方：ContentProvider
（1）创建数据库，自定义类继承SQLiteOpenHelper
（2）自定义内容提供者类，继承ContentProvider，重写insert/delete/update/query方法，向外界提供方法
（3）清单文件中注册内容提供者

2.索要方：ContentResolver
（1）通过Context的getContentResolver方法获得ContentResolver对象
（2）确定uri
（3）调用insert/delete/update/query方法访问数据库

代码展示

自定义内容提供者类，继承ContentProvider

public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
private SQLiteDatabase db;
private MySqlHelper mySqlHelper;

public MyContentProvider() {
}

@Override
public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
    // Implement this to handle requests to delete one or more rows.
    int student = db.delete("student", selection, selectionArgs);
    return student;
}

@Override
public String getType(Uri uri) {
   return null;
}

@Override
public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
    db.insert("student",null,values);
    return uri;
}

@Override
public boolean onCreate() {
    //获取能操作这个表的MySqlHelper对象
   mySqlHelper = new MySqlHelper(getContext(),"student.db",null,1);
   db = mySqlHelper.getReadableDatabase();
   if(db != null){
       return true;
   }
   return false;
}

@Override
public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
                    String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
    Cursor student = db.query("student", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
    return student;
}

@Override
public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
                  String[] selectionArgs) {
    int student = db.update("student", values, selection, selectionArgs);
    return student;
}

}

一键创建

索要方代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button insert;
private Button delete;
private Button update;
private Button select;

private ContentResolver contentResolver;


@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    //初始化控件
    insert = (Button) findViewById(R.id.insert);
    delete = (Button) findViewById(R.id.delete);
    update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.update);
    select = (Button) findViewById(R.id.select);

    //得到一个解析者，去访问提供者的数据库
    contentResolver = getContentResolver();
    //创建一个uri对象
    final Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.huang.1712A");

    //增加数据
    insert.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
            contentValues.put("name","开机");
            contentResolver.insert(uri,contentValues);
        }
    });
    //删除数据
    delete.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
            contentResolver.delete(uri,"id=?",new String[]{"4"});
        }
    });
    //修改数据
    update.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
            contentValues.put("name","4444");
            contentResolver.update(uri,contentValues,"id=?",new String[]{"6"});
        }
    });
    //查询数据
    select.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            //参数一：uri 参数二：查询的字段 参数三：条件  参数四：为?赋值 参数五：排序
            Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, new String[]{"id", "name"}, null, null, null);
            while (cursor.moveToNext()){
                String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("id"));
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, id+name, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    });
}
}

自定义权限

创建自定义权限并在提供者中绑定

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<	manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.a3_2_sqlite_shu_ju_ku">

<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
    //在provider中添加你写的 读写 权限 绑定
    <provider
        android:readPermission="com.bawei.permission.READ"
        android:writePermission="com.bawei.permission.WRITE"
        android:name=".MyContentProvider"
        android:authorities="com.huang.1712A"
        android:enabled="true"
        android:exported="true"></provider>

    <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>
</application>
//自定义权限  读的权限
<permission android:name="com.bawei.permission.READ" android:protectionLevel="normal">

</permission>
//自定义权限  写的权限
<permission android:name="com.bawei.permission.WRITE" android:protectionLevel="normal">

</permission>

</manifest>

解析方清单文件中添加权限

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.a3_2_contentprovider">
//添加读写的权限
<uses-permission android:name="com.bawei.permission.READ"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="com.bawei.permission.WRITE"></uses-permission>
<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
    <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
	    </activity>
 	 </application>
</manifest>