Day10 ContentProvider内容提供者的使用

介绍

1、ContentProvider内容提供者（四大组件之一）主要用于在不同的应用程序之间实现数据共享的功能。
2、三个重点
(1) contentProvider 内容提供者
(2) contentResolve 内容解析者
(3) uri 地址
简单的理解：内容提供者提供一个地址,内容解析者把uri解析一下,去指向提供者的地址.。

思路

1.提供方：ContentProvider
（1）创建数据库，自定义类继承SQLiteOpenHelper
（2）自定义内容提供者类，继承ContentProvider，重写insert/delete/update/query方法，向外界提供方法
（3）清单文件中注册内容提供者

2.索要方：ContentResolver
（1）通过Context的getContentResolver方法获得ContentResolver对象
（2）确定uri
（3）调用insert/delete/update/query方法访问数据库

代码展示

1、自定义内容提供者类，继承ContentProvider

public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
    private SQLiteDatabase db;
    private MySqlHelper mySqlHelper;

    public MyContentProvider() {
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        // Implement this to handle requests to delete one or more rows.
        int student = db.delete("student", selection, selectionArgs);
        return student;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
       return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        db.insert("student",null,values);
        return uri;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        //获取能操作这个表的MySqlHelper对象
       mySqlHelper = new MySqlHelper(getContext(),"student.db",null,1);
       db = mySqlHelper.getReadableDatabase();
       if(db != null){
           return true;
       }
       return false;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
                        String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        Cursor student = db.query("student", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
        return student;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
                      String[] selectionArgs) {
        int student = db.update("student", values, selection, selectionArgs);
        return student;
    }
}

一键创建

2、索要方代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button insert;
    private Button delete;
    private Button update;
    private Button select;

    private ContentResolver contentResolver;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //初始化控件
        insert = (Button) findViewById(R.id.insert);
        delete = (Button) findViewById(R.id.delete);
        update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.update);
        select = (Button) findViewById(R.id.select);

        //得到一个解析者，去访问提供者的数据库
        contentResolver = getContentResolver();
        //创建一个uri对象
        final Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.huang.1712A");

        //增加数据
        insert.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
                contentValues.put("name","开机");
                contentResolver.insert(uri,contentValues);
            }
        });
        //删除数据
        delete.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
                contentResolver.delete(uri,"id=?",new String[]{"4"});
            }
        });
        //修改数据
        update.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
                contentValues.put("name","4444");
                contentResolver.update(uri,contentValues,"id=?",new String[]{"6"});
            }
        });
        //查询数据
        select.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //参数一：uri 参数二：查询的字段 参数三：条件  参数四：为?赋值 参数五：排序
                Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, new String[]{"id", "name"}, null, null, null);
                while (cursor.moveToNext()){
                    String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                    String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("id"));
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, id+name, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

自定义权限

1、创建自定义权限并在提供者中绑定

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.a3_2_sqlite_shu_ju_ku">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        //在provider中添加你写的 读写 权限 绑定
        <provider
            android:readPermission="com.bawei.permission.READ"
            android:writePermission="com.bawei.permission.WRITE"
            android:name=".MyContentProvider"
            android:authorities="com.huang.1712A"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true"></provider>

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    //自定义权限  读的权限
    <permission android:name="com.bawei.permission.READ" android:protectionLevel="normal">

    </permission>
    //自定义权限  写的权限
    <permission android:name="com.bawei.permission.WRITE" android:protectionLevel="normal">

    </permission>

</manifest>

2、解析方清单文件中添加权限

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.a3_2_contentprovider">
    //添加读写的权限
    <uses-permission android:name="com.bawei.permission.READ"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="com.bawei.permission.WRITE"></uses-permission>
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>