ThreadLocal之印象更正

    今天熟悉公司TMS系统的时候发现自己之前对ThreadLocal的理解是错误的。之前以为ThreadLocal就是一个有自己变量副本的Thread。今天查看文档和源代码的时候才发现根本不是那回事，ThreadLocal根本不是Thread，而是保持Thread变量副本的“容器”，那ThreadLocal是怎么保存这个变量副本的呢？而这个变量副本又怎么能区分是来至那个Thread的呢？

 

1. 查看ThreadLocal的源代码，存储变量副本的是一个定制的Map，ThreadLocal里面的一个内部类。下面以ThreadLocal的set方法说明下
   

    /**
        * Sets the current thread's copy of this thread-local variable
        * to the specified value.  Most subclasses will have no need to 
        * override this method, relying solely on the {@link #initialValue}
        * method to set the values of thread-locals.
        *
        * @param value the value to be stored in the current thread's copy of
        *        this thread-local.
        */
       public void set(T value) {
           Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
           ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
           if (map != null)
               map.set(this, value);
           else
               createMap(t, value);
       }
   
   
       /**
        * Create the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
        * InheritableThreadLocal.
        *
        * @param t the current thread
        * @param firstValue value for the initial entry of the map
        * @param map the map to store.
        */
       void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {
           t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
       }
    
           /**
        * ThreadLocalMap is a customized hash map suitable only for
        * maintaining thread local values. No operations are exported
        * outside of the ThreadLocal class. The class is package private to
        * allow declaration of fields in class Thread.  To help deal with
        * very large and long-lived usages, the hash table entries use
        * WeakReferences for keys. However, since reference queues are not
        * used, stale entries are guaranteed to be removed only when
        * the table starts running out of space.
        */
       static class ThreadLocalMap {
            ......  //Map的一些基础操作，详细请查看ThreadLocal源代码
       }
   
   

    
2. 每一个ThreadLocalMap都保存在当前Thread里，所以当前Thread 通过ThreadLocal.get()拿出来的就是之前保存的变量副本
   

   public class Thread implements Runnable {
       /* ThreadLocal values pertaining to this thread. This map is maintained
        * by the ThreadLocal class. */
        ......
       ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;
       .......
   }

    

   public class ThreadLocal<T>{
   .....
   
       /**
        * Returns the value in the current thread's copy of this
        * thread-local variable.  If the variable has no value for the
        * current thread, it is first initialized to the value returned
        * by an invocation of the {@link #initialValue} method.
        *
        * @return the current thread's value of this thread-local
        */
       public T get() {
           Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
           ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
           if (map != null) {
               ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
               if (e != null)
                   return (T)e.value;
           }
           return setInitialValue();
       }
   
          /**
        * Get the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
        * InheritableThreadLocal.
        *
        * @param  t the current thread
        * @return the map
        */
       ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
           return t.threadLocals;
       }
   
   .....
   
   }