1.概述:为了提高性能,Java提供了读写锁,在读的地方使用读锁,在写的地方使用写锁,灵活控制,如果没有写锁的情况下,读是无阻塞的,在一定程度上提高了程序的执行效率。
2.构建一个缓存示例:
public class CacheReadWriteLock {
private Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
private ReadWriteLock readWriteLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
public static void main(String[] args) {
CacheReadWriteLock cacheReadWriteLock = new CacheReadWriteLock();
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(cacheReadWriteLock.getData("my"));
}
}).start();
}
}
public Object getData(String key) {
readWriteLock.readLock().lock();
Object value = null;
try {
value = map.get(key);
if (value == null) {
readWriteLock.readLock().unlock();
readWriteLock.writeLock().lock();
try {
if ((value = map.get(key)) == null) {
value = "aaaa";// 查询db或耗时操作
map.put(key, value);
System.out.println("readWriteLocking");
}
} finally {
readWriteLock.writeLock().unlock();
readWriteLock.readLock().lock();
}
}
} finally {
readWriteLock.readLock().unlock();
}
return value;
}
}
3.注意: 在同一线程中,持有读锁后,不能直接调用写锁的lock方法 ,否则会造成死锁。