Linux-shell篇之函数用法

脚本编程之函数：

function：功能

结构化编程，不能独立运行，需要调用时执行，可以被多次调用

定义一个函数（下面两种用法等效）
function FUNCTION {
command
}

FUNCNAME() {
command
}

例子：
#!/bin/bash

function SHOWMENU {
#SHOWMENU() {
cat << EOF
d|D) show disk usages
m|M) show memory usages
s|S) show swap usages
q|Q) quit.
EOF
}

SHOWMENU
read -p “Your choice:” CHOICE

until [ $CHOICE == ‘q’ -o $CHOICE == ‘Q’ ]; do
case $CHOICE in
d|D) df -lh ;;
m|M) free -m | grep “^Mem” ;;
s|S) free -m | grep “^Swap” ;;
*)
SHOWMENU
read -p "Your choice,again: " CHOICE ;;
esac
SHOWMENU
read -p "Your choice: " CHOICE
done

自定义执行状态返回值：
return #
0-255

例子：
#!/bin/bash

ADDUSER() {
USERNAME=hadoop
if ! id -u $USERNAME &> /dev/null; then
useradd $USERNAME
echo $USERNAME | passwd --stdin $USERNAME &> /dev/null
return 0
else
return 1
fi
}

ADDUSER
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo “add user finished.”
else
echo “Failuer.”
fi

接收参数的函数：
./a.sh m n
$1：m
$2：n

TWOINT 5 6
$1：5
$2：6

例子：
#!/bin/bash

TWOSUM() {
echo $[$1+$2]
}

SUM=`TWOSUM 5 6`
echo $SUM

执行过程：
/home/gaps>twosum.sh 5 6
11
/home/gaps>bash -x twosum.sh
++ TWOSUM 5 6
++ echo 11
+ SUM=11
+ echo 11
11

例子：ping测试IP地址
#!/bin/bash

PING() {
if ping -c 1 -W 1 $1 &> /dev/null; then
return 0
else
return 1
fi
}

for I in {200…206}; do
PING 192.168.0.$I
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo “192.168.0.$I is up.”
else
echo “192.168.0.$I is down.”
fi
done