android中广播的两种启动方式浅析【自定义Action】

1：注册广播：（有两种方式）

     一是动态方式使用Context.registerReceiver()方法来注册；
     二是静态方式,即在AndroidManifest.xml中通过<receiver> 。

2：发送广播：

      在需要广播的地方sendBroadcast(intent); 之前要给Intent的对象intent 设置Action （Action可以被系统的或自定义的）和 data。

3：接收广播：

           就是在extends Broadcast的那个类中， onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)方法要做的事情。

***静态方式*****

main.xml

?

<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "utf-8" ?>  < LinearLayout  xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"       android:layout_width = "fill_parent"       android:layout_height = "fill_parent"       android:orientation = "vertical"  >           < Button           android:id = "@+id/b"           android:layout_width = "fill_parent"           android:layout_height = "wrap_content"           android:text = "发送"  />       < Button           android:id = "@+id/cancle"           android:layout_width = "fill_parent"           android:layout_height = "wrap_content"           android:text = "exit"  />      </ LinearLayout >

Activity：

public  class  TestActivity extends  Activity {

     

     private  Button b;

     private  Button cancle;

     public  static  final  String MY_ACTION = "mxp" ;

     @Override

     protected  void  onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

         // TODO Auto-generated method stub

         super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);

         setContentView(R.layout.main);

         b = (Button) findViewById(R.id.b);

         cancle = (Button) findViewById(R.id.cancle);

         

         b.setOnClickListener( new  OnClickListener() {

             

             @Override

             public  void  onClick(View v) {

                 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                 Intent intent  = new  Intent();

                 intent.setAction(MY_ACTION);

                 intent.putExtra( "msg" , "asdsdas" );

                 sendBroadcast(intent);

             }

         });

         cancle.setOnClickListener( new  OnClickListener() {

             

             @Override

             public  void  onClick(View v) {

                 finish();

             }

         });

     }

}

　　AndroidManifest.xml

?

<?xml version= "1.0"  encoding= "utf-8" ?> <manifest xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      package = "m.m.m"      android:versionCode= "1"      android:versionName= "1.0"  >        <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion= "8"  />        <application          android:icon= "@drawable/ic_launcher"          android:label= "@string/app_name"  >          <activity              android:name= ".TestActivity"              android:label= "@string/app_name"  >              <intent-filter>                  <action android:name= "android.intent.action.MAIN"  />                    <category android:name= "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"  />              </intent-filter>          </activity>                    <receiver android:name= ".BroadCastActivity" >              <intent-filter >                  <action android:name= "mxp" />              </intent-filter>          </receiver>                </application>   </manifest>

 总结 ：自定义Action，就是定义一个静态常量如：public static final String MY_ACTION = "mxp";但是不要和系统的重复哦！

                对我而言，关键是注册，即

                 <receiver android:name=".BroadCastActivity">  注册广播

                       <intent-filter >

                            <action android:name="mxp"/> 定义action

                       </intent-filter>

               </receiver>

 

***动态方式：*************

 1）不要androidManifest.xml文件中注册 ，即删除刚才注册的部分

  2） 在启动服务的地方，即发送按钮的监听器里注册，再启动服务

  TestActivity.java 多了注册的代码：myReceiver = new MyReceiver();
                             IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
                           filter.addAction(MY_ACTION);

import  android.app.Activity; import  android.content.Intent; import  android.content.IntentFilter; import  android.os.Bundle; import  android.view.View; import  android.view.View.OnClickListener; import  android.widget.Button;   public  class  TestActivity extends  Activity {            private  Button bind;      private  Button unbind;      private  Button cancle;      protected  MyReceiver myReceiver;      public  static  final  String MY_ACTION = "mxp" ;      @Override      protected  void  onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.main);          bind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bind);          unbind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.unbind);          cancle = (Button) findViewById(R.id.cancle);                    bind.setOnClickListener( new  OnClickListener() {                            @Override              public  void  onClick(View v) {                  // TODO Auto-generated method stub                                    myReceiver = new  BroadCastActivity();                  IntentFilter filter = new  IntentFilter();                  filter.addAction(MY_ACTION);                                    TestActivity. this .registerReceiver(myReceiver, filter);                  System.out.println( "bind" );                                    Intent intent  = new  Intent();                  intent.setAction(MY_ACTION);                  intent.putExtra( "msg" , "asdsdas" );                  sendBroadcast(intent);              }          });          unbind.setOnClickListener( new  OnClickListener() {                            @Override              public  void  onClick(View v) {                  TestActivity. this .unregisterReceiver(myReceiver);                  System.out.println( "unbind" );              }          });          cancle.setOnClickListener( new  OnClickListener() {                            @Override              public  void  onClick(View v) {                  finish();              }          });      }            @Override      protected  void  onResume() {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          super .onResume();      } }

　　main.xml

?

<?xml version= "1.0"  encoding= "utf-8" ?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      android:layout_width= "fill_parent"      android:layout_height= "fill_parent"      android:orientation= "vertical"  >        <Button          android:id= "@+id/bind"          android:layout_width= "fill_parent"          android:layout_height= "wrap_content"          android:text= "绑定"  />      <Button          android:id= "@+id/unbind"          android:layout_width= "fill_parent"          android:layout_height= "wrap_content"          android:text= "取消绑定"  />      <Button          android:id= "@+id/cancle"          android:layout_width= "fill_parent"          android:layout_height= "wrap_content"          android:text= "exit"  />   </LinearLayout>

　总结：我在测试时点击绑定怎么都不显示Toast的内容，原因是我只注册了广播，没有发送广播。要想广播响应，一定要注册还要发送！