Given an array of integers that is already sorted in ascending order, find two numbers such that they add up to a specific target number.
The function twoSum should return indices of the two numbers such that they add up to the target, where index1 must be less than index2. Please note that your returned answers (both index1 and index2) are not zero-based.
You may assume that each input would have exactly one solution and you may not use the same element twice.
Input: numbers={2, 7, 11, 15}, target=9
Output: index1=1, index2=2
给定一个已经按升序排序的整数数组,找到两个数字,使它们相加到一个特定的目标数。函数twoSum应该返回两个数字的索引,使它们相加到目标,其中index1必须小于index2。请注意,您返回的答案(index1和index2)都不是基于零的。您可以假设每个输入都只有一个解决方案,您可能不会使用相同的元素两次。
解法一:
public static int[] twoSum(int[] num, int target) {
int[] result = new int[2];
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < num.length; i++) {
if(map.containsKey(target - num[i])) {
result[0] = map.get(target-num[i]) + 1;
result[1] = i+1;
}
if(map.containsKey(num[i])) {
continue;
}
map.put(num[i],i);
}
return result;
}
刚开始想的解法就是使用解TwoSum那个题一样,使用map来保存下标值,然后遍历数组,找到两个元素相加等于特定的数的下标。但是提交的代码虽然可以通过,但是效率不这么高。
然后换了一个思路,因为输入的数组是有序的,我们可以用两个变量start、end来分别指向数组的头和尾下标的位置,然后两个下标对应的元素相加,如果等于target,直接输出start+1,end+1,记得每个下标都要加1,因为要求输出的结果都是非0。如果不等于target,判断是大于还是小于,如果两者之和小于target,则start变量自增,否则,end变量自减。提交的时候,代码效率比第一种方法提高了很多倍。建议采用第二种方法。
解法二:
public static int[] twoSum2(int[] num, int target) {
int[] result = new int[2];
int start = 0;
int end = num.length-1;
while(start < end) {
int temp = num[start]+num[end];
if(temp == target) {
result[0] = start+1;
result[1] = end+1;
break;
}
if (temp < target) {
start++;
}
if(temp > target){
end--;
}
}
return result;
}