06.JSTL(基本标签库)

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-13 10:46:15 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-06-13 10:46:15 发布

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分类专栏： Javaweb高级学习文章标签： javabean

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ycjcson/article/details/112095105

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06.JSTL(基本标签库)

1、JSTL

概述：

（JavaServer Page Strandard Tag Linrary）：JSP标准标签库
是由Java社区所定制的，提供给JavaWeb开发人的一个通用的自定义标签库
Core:核心标签库
Format:格式化标签
SQL:sql标签库
XML:xml标签库
Function:常用函数标签库

2、使用

1、加入Jar包

jstl-1.2.jar

taglibs-standard-compat-1.2.5.jar

taglibs-standard-impl-1.2.5.jar

taglibs-standard-jstlel-1.2.5.jar

taglibs-standard-spec-1.2.5.jar

…

2、引入自定义标签描述文件
<%@ taglib uri=“http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core” prefix=“c” %>

3、核心标签库

表达式操作

a)输出:out

向页面输出内容，如果内容中存在特殊符号，将可以自动进行转义操作
			value：要输出的内容，可以是EL
			*default：当value中的内容为空，则输出该默认值
			^escapeXml：关闭转义操作

b)设置:set

将值存入作用域或者JavaBean对象中
			var:存入时所使用key
			value:存入的值
			scope:存入值得作用域，默认值为page
				page
				request
				session
				application

c)移除:remove

从作用域中移除某个值
			var:被移除的键值对key
			scope:移除的键值对所在的作用域

异常:catch

在页面上做异常处理
			var:当被该标签圈起来的代码发生异常的时候，会将异常信息存入该属性指定的变量中

d)流程控制:

分支

if:只有if没有else，更没有else-if

test:对应if语句后面括号中的内容，如果该test取值为true则执行if中的内容，否则不执行
				var:可以在对应作用域中声明变量，用于存放test后面表达式的值
				scope:var指定的变量所存放的作用域

choose:对标if-else if-else

when:如果后面的test中的表达式为true，则执行when中的内容
test:结果为布尔类型的表达式，用于判断，决定when中的内容是否执行
otherwise:对应ifelse中的else，当所有的when都没有执行的时候，则执行该标签中的内容

迭代操作:forEach(迭代、创建循环)

创建循环
				var:声明循环变量
				begin:初始化循环变量
				end:设置循环条件
				step:步长
			迭代
			    	var:迭代出来的对象的key
			  	  items:被去除数据的集合
		    		varStatus:当前迭代的状态
					index:当前取出值得索引值
					count:循环当前进行的次数
					first:如果当前去除的元素为第一个，则该值为true
					last:如果当前取出元素为最后一个，则该值为true		

如果迭代对象为Map
					var:指定的内容为map的键值对对象
					key:该键值对的key
					value:该键值对的value
					forTokens:切割字符串，迭代
					items:字符串来源(切割之前)
					delims:切割依据
					var:切割完成之后的迭代变量

案例：

jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:set value="小明" var="d1" scope="session"></c:set>
<c:set value="小红" var="d2" scope="session"></c:set>
<c:set value="小丽" var="d3" scope="session"></c:set>
<hr/>
<c:remove var="d2" scope="session"/>
<c:out value="${d1 }"></c:out><br/>
<c:out value="${d2 }"></c:out><br/>
<c:out value="${d3 }"></c:out><br/>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>   
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:if test="${param.tran<0 }">
	<c:out value="开暖气"></c:out>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${param.tran>0 and param.tran<=15 }">
	<c:out value="穿秋裤"></c:out>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${param.tran>15 and param.tran<=25 }">
	<c:out value="棉袄"></c:out>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${param.tran>25 and param.tran<=35 }">
	<c:out value="穿T恤"></c:out>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${param.tran>=40  }">
	<c:out value="去冰箱里冻着"></c:out>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> 
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

<c:if test="${param.sex=='男' }">
	<label>
		<input type="radio" name="sex" value="男" checked="checked"/>男
	</label>
	<label>
	 	 <input type="radio" name="sex" value="女"/>女
	</label>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${param.sex=='女' }">  
	<label>
		<input type="radio" name="sex" value="男" />男
	</label>
	<label>
	 	 <input type="radio" name="sex" value="女" checked="checked"/>女
	</label>
</c:if>
<hr/>

<c:if test=""></c:if>

</body>
</html>

<%@page import="java.util.Set"%>
<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%>
<%@page import="java.util.HashMap"%>
<%@page import="com.zuxia.model.StuInfo"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"  prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<%
	Map<String,StuInfo> map = new HashMap<String,StuInfo>();
	map.put("A",new StuInfo(1,"小张","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	map.put("B",new StuInfo(2,"小王","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	map.put("C",new StuInfo(3,"小李","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	map.put("D",new StuInfo(4,"小周","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	map.put("E",new StuInfo(5,"小找","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	map.put("F",new StuInfo(6,"小罗","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	pageContext.setAttribute("map", map);
	
	/* Set<String> stu = map.keySet();
	for(String s : stu){
		StuInfo sinfo = map.get(s);
		out.print(sinfo.getNo());
		out.print(sinfo.getName());
		out.print(sinfo.getAddress());
		out.print(sinfo.getBirthday());
		out.print(sinfo.getSex());
		out.print(sinfo.getHeight()+"<br/>");
	} */
%>
<body>
<table border="1">
	<c:forEach items="${map }" var="key">
		<tr>
			<td>${pageScope.key.value.no }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.key.value.name }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.key.value.sex }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.key.value.birthday }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.key.value.address }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.key.value.height }</td>
		</tr>
	</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<%
	String str = "123,1478,2589,3698587,25874867";
	pageContext.setAttribute("str", str);
%>
<body>
<c:forTokens items="${str }" delims="," var="s">
	${s }<br/>
</c:forTokens>	
<hr/>
<c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="50" step="5">
	你好+${i }<br/>
</c:forEach>


</body>
</html>

<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%>
<%@page import="com.zuxia.model.StuInfo"%>
<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"  prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
	List<StuInfo> stus = new ArrayList<StuInfo>();
	stus.add(new StuInfo(1,"小张","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	stus.add(new StuInfo(2,"小王","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	stus.add(new StuInfo(3,"小李","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	stus.add(new StuInfo(4,"小周","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	stus.add(new StuInfo(5,"小找","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	stus.add(new StuInfo(6,"小罗","男","1999-09-09","重庆市沙坪坝区",1.75f));
	pageContext.setAttribute("stus", stus);
%>
<table border="1" align="center" width=500 height=250>
<caption><h3>学生信息表</h3></caption>
	<c:forEach var="stu" items="${stus }" varStatus="state">
		<tr>
			<td>${stu.no }</td>
			<td>${stu.name }</td>
			<td>${stu.sex }</td>
			<td>${stu.birthday }</td>
			<td>${stu.address }</td>
			<td>${stu.height }</td>
			<td>${state.index }</td>
			<td>${state.count }</td>
			<td>${state.first }</td>
			<td>${state.last }</td>
		</tr>
	</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

StuInfo.java

package com.zuxia.model;

public class StuInfo {
   

	private int no;
	private String name;
	private String sex;
	private String birthday;
	private String address;
	private float height;
	
	public StuInfo(){
   };
	public StuInfo(int no, String name, String sex, String birthday, String address, float height) {
   
		super();
		this.no = no;
		this.name = name;
		this.sex = sex;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		this.address = address;
		this.height = height;
	}
	public String getAddress() {
   
		return address;
	}
	public String getBirthday() {
   
		return birthday;
	}
	public float getHeight() {
   
		return height;
	}
	public String getName() {
   
		return name;
	}
	public int getNo() {
   
		return no;
	}
	public String getSex() {
   
		return sex;
	}
	public void setAddress(String address) {
   
		this.address = address;
	}
	public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
   
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public void setHeight(float height) {
   
		this.height = height;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
   
		this.name = name;
	}
	public void setNo(int no) {
   
		this.no = no;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
   
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	
	
}

jstl使用案例：

案例1：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>表达式操作</h1>
<h2>输出标签</h2>
<%
	pageContext.setAttribute("msg", "早上好！");
	pageContext.setAttribute("bookName", "<<小学生行为守则>>");
%>
${msg }
<c:out value="${msg }"></c:out>
<hr/>
${bookName }
<!-- 如果在输出的内容中有特殊符号:><& -->
<c:out value="${bookName }"></c:out>
<hr/>
<c:out value="${age }" default="没有年龄属性存在于作用域中！"></c:out>
<hr>
<c:out value="${age }" default="没有年龄属性存在于作用域中！" escapeXml="false"></c:out>
</body>
</html>

案例2：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- page,request,session,application -->
<c:set var="dt1" value="2020-11-06" scope="session"></c:set>
<c:set var="dt2" value="2020-11-07" scope="session"></c:set>
<c:set var="dt3" value="2020-11-08" scope="session"></c:set>

<c:remove var="dt2" scope="request"/>

${sessionScope.dt1 }<br/>
${sessionScope.dt2 }<br/>
${sessionScope.dt3 }<br/>
</body>
</html>

案例3：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<c:catch var="e">
		<%int num = 10/1;%>
	</c:catch>
	
	异常信息：${e }
</body>
</html>

案例4：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<c:if test="${param.age>=18 }">
		<c:out value="可以进入"/>
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${param.age<18 }">
		<c:out value="未成年人禁止入内"></c:out>
	</c:if>
</body>
</html>

案例5：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<c:if test="${param.age<0 }">
		<c:out value="开暖气"/>
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${param.age<15 && param.age>=0 }">
		<c:out value="羽绒服"></c:out>
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${param.age<25 && param.age>=15 }">
		<c:out value="棉袄"></c:out>
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${param.age<35 && param.age>=25 }">
		<c:out value="T恤"></c:out>
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${param.age<40 && param.age>=35 }">
		<c:out value="吹空调"></c:out>
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${param.age>=40 }">
		<c:out value="避暑"></c:out>
	</c:if>
</body>
</html>

案例6：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
${param.sex }
<hr/>
<c:if test="${param.sex eq '男' }">
	<label>
		<input type="radio" name="sex" value="男" checked="checked">男
	</label>
	<label>
		<input type="radio" name="sex" value="女">女
	</label>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${param.sex eq '女' }">
	<label>
		<input type="radio" name="sex" value="男">男
	</label>
	<label>
		<input type="radio" name="sex" value="女" checked="checked">女
	</label>
</c:if>
<hr/>
<label>
	<input type="radio" name="sex1" value="男" ${param.sex eq '男'?'checked':'' }>男
</label>
<label>
	<input type="radio" name="sex1" value="女"  ${param.sex eq '女'?'checked':'' }>女
</label>
</body>
</html>

案例7：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<hr/>
<c:if test="${param.sex eq '男' }" var="abc" scope="page">
	<c:out value="你好"></c:out>
</c:if>


<c:if test="${abc }">
	<c:out value="猛男"/>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${not abc }">
	<c:out value="你不太好 猛女"></c:out>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>

案例8：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

	${param.age }
	<hr/>
	<c:choose>
		<c:when test="${param.age < 13 }">
			小学僧
		</c:when>
		<c:when test="${param.age < 16 }">
			初中生
		</c:when>
		<c:when test="${param.age < 19 }">
			高中生
		</c:when>
		<c:when test="${param.age < 23 }">
			打工人
		</c:when>
		<c:otherwise>
			空巢老人
		</c:otherwise>
	</c:choose>
</body>
</html>

案例9：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"
    import="java.util.*,com.zuxia.entity.*"
    %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<style type="text/css">
	table,td,th{
		border:1px solid #CCCCCC;
	}
	
	table{
		width:100%;
		margin:60px auto;
	}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<%
	List<StuInfo> listSi = new ArrayList<StuInfo>();

	listSi.add(new StuInfo(1,"STU0001","小王","女",10,1.1f));
	listSi.add(new StuInfo(2,"STU0002","老张","女",10,1.1f));
	listSi.add(new StuInfo(3,"STU0003","老李","女",10,1.1f));
	listSi.add(new StuInfo(4,"STU0004","老赵","女",10,1.1f));
	listSi.add(new StuInfo(5,"STU0005","老罗","女",10,1.1f));
	listSi.add(new StuInfo(6,"STU0006","老龚","女",10,1.1f));
	
	pageContext.setAttribute("stus", listSi);
	/*
	out.print("<table>");
	for(StuInfo si : listSi){
		out.print("<tr>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuId()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuNo()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuName()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuSex()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuAge()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuHeight()+"</td>");
		out.print("</tr>");
	}
	out.print("</table>");
	*/
%>

<table>
	<caption>学生信息表</caption>
	<tr>
		<th>学生编号</th>
		<th>学生学号</th>
		<th>学生姓名</th>
		<th>学生性别</th>
		<th>学生年龄</th>
		<th>学生身高</th>
	</tr>
	<c:forEach var="si" items="${pageScope.stus }" varStatus="sts">
	<tr>
		<td>${pageScope.si.stuId }</td>
		<td>${pageScope.si.stuNo }</td>
		<td>${pageScope.si.stuName }</td>
		<td>${pageScope.si.stuSex }</td>
		<td>${pageScope.si.stuAge }</td>
		<td>${pageScope.si.stuHeight }</td>
		<td>${sts.index }</td>
		<td>${sts.count }</td>
		<td>${sts.first }</td>
		<td>${sts.last }</td>
	</tr>
	</c:forEach>
</table>

<hr/>
<c:forEach var="i" begin="0" end="99" step="50">
	早上好+${i }<br/>
</c:forEach>

</body>
</html>

案例10：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"
    import="java.util.*,com.zuxia.entity.*"
    %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<style type="text/css">
	table,td,th{
		border:1px solid #CCCCCC;
	}
	
	table{
		width:100%;
		margin:60px auto;
	}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<%
	Map<String,StuInfo> mapStus = new HashMap<String,StuInfo>();

	mapStus.put("A",new StuInfo(1,"STU0001","小王","女",10,1.1f));
	mapStus.put("B",new StuInfo(2,"STU0002","老张","女",10,1.1f));
	mapStus.put("C",new StuInfo(3,"STU0003","老李","女",10,1.1f));
	mapStus.put("D",new StuInfo(4,"STU0004","老赵","女",10,1.1f));
	mapStus.put("E",new StuInfo(5,"STU0005","老罗","女",10,1.1f));
	mapStus.put("F",new StuInfo(6,"STU0006","老龚","女",10,1.1f));
	
	pageContext.setAttribute("stus", mapStus);
%>
<table>
	<caption>学生信息表</caption>
	<tr>
		<th>MapKey</th>
		<th>学生编号</th>
		<th>学生学号</th>
		<th>学生姓名</th>
		<th>学生性别</th>
		<th>学生年龄</th>
		<th>学生身高</th>
	</tr>
	<c:forEach var="ent" items="${stus }">
		<tr>
			<td>${pageScope.ent.key }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.ent.value.stuId }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.ent.value.stuNo }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.ent.value.stuName }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.ent.value.stuSex }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.ent.value.stuAge }</td>
			<td>${pageScope.ent.value.stuHeight }</td>
		</tr>
	</c:forEach>
</table>
	<%
	/*
	Set<String> keys = mapStus.keySet();
	for(String key : keys){
		StuInfo si = mapStus.get(key);
	}
	*/
	/*
	out.print("<table>");
	for(StuInfo si : listSi){
		out.print("<tr>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuId()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuNo()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuName()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuSex()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuAge()+"</td>");
		out.print("<td>"+si.getStuHeight()+"</td>");
		out.print("</tr>");
	}
	out.print("</table>");
	*/
%>


</body>
</html>

案例11：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"
    import="java.util.*,com.zuxia.entity.*"
    %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here&

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