Centos 8 使用国内镜像在线安装 MariaDB

官网地址:https://mariadb.org/

  1. 在 /etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录下创建配置文件 MariaDB.repo

    touch MariaDB.repo
    
  2. 进入配置文件

    vim MariaDB.repo
    
  3. 配置内容

    [mariadb]
    name = MariaDB
    baseurl = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos8-amd64/
    module_hotfixes=1
    gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
    gpgcheck=1
    
  4. 执行安装命令

    sudo dnf install MariaDB-server
    

    安装过程中,会有是否下载的选择,直接 y 然后回车

    Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:50 ago on Thu 08 Apr 2021 08:59:30 PM CST.
    Dependencies resolved.
    ===============================================================================
     Package            Arch   Version                             Repo       Size
    ===============================================================================
    Installing:
     MariaDB-server     x86_64 10.5.9-1.el8                        mariadb    27 M
    Installing dependencies:
     boost-program-options
                        x86_64 1.66.0-10.el8                       AppStream 141 k
     perl-DBI           x86_64 1.641-3.module_el8.1.0+199+8f0a6bbd AppStream 740 k
     socat              x86_64 1.7.3.3-2.el8                       AppStream 302 k
     perl-Math-BigInt   noarch 1:1.9998.11-7.el8                   BaseOS    196 k
     perl-Math-Complex  noarch 1.59-416.el8                        BaseOS    108 k
     MariaDB-client     x86_64 10.5.9-1.el8                        mariadb    13 M
     MariaDB-common     x86_64 10.5.9-1.el8                        mariadb    87 k
     MariaDB-shared     x86_64 10.5.9-1.el8                        mariadb   115 k
     galera-4           x86_64 26.4.7-1.el8                        mariadb    12 M
    Enabling module streams:
     perl-DBI                  1.641                                              
    
    Transaction Summary
    ===============================================================================
    Install  10 Packages
    
    Total size: 53 M
    Installed size: 254 M
    Is this ok [y/N]: y
    Downloading Packages:
    [SKIPPED] boost-program-options-1.66.0-10.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded  
    [SKIPPED] perl-DBI-1.641-3.module_el8.1.0+199+8f0a6bbd.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded
    [SKIPPED] socat-1.7.3.3-2.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded                  
    [SKIPPED] perl-Math-BigInt-1.9998.11-7.el8.noarch.rpm: Already downloaded     
    [SKIPPED] perl-Math-Complex-1.59-416.el8.noarch.rpm: Already downloaded       
    [SKIPPED] MariaDB-client-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded          
    [SKIPPED] MariaDB-common-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded          
    [SKIPPED] MariaDB-server-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded          
    [SKIPPED] MariaDB-shared-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded          
    [SKIPPED] galera-4-26.4.7-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded                
    warning: /var/cache/dnf/mariadb-b7cf991130d64314/packages/MariaDB-client-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 1bb943db: NOKEY
    MariaDB                                        7.0 kB/s | 8.2 kB     00:01    
    Importing GPG key 0x1BB943DB:
     Userid     : "MariaDB Package Signing Key <package-signing-key@mariadb.org>"
     Fingerprint: 1993 69E5 404B D5FC 7D2F E43B CBCB 082A 1BB9 43DB
     From       : https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
    Is this ok [y/N]: y
    Key imported successfully
    Running transaction check
    Transaction check succeeded.
    Running transaction test
    Transaction test succeeded.
    Running transaction
      Preparing        :                                                       1/1 
      Running scriptlet: MariaDB-shared-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   1/10 
      Installing       : MariaDB-shared-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   1/10 
      Running scriptlet: MariaDB-shared-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   1/10 
      Running scriptlet: MariaDB-common-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   2/10 
      Installing       : MariaDB-common-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   2/10 
      Running scriptlet: MariaDB-common-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   2/10 
      Running scriptlet: MariaDB-client-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   3/10 
      Installing       : MariaDB-client-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   3/10 
      Running scriptlet: MariaDB-client-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   3/10 
      Installing       : perl-Math-Complex-1.59-416.el8.noarch                4/10 
      Installing       : perl-Math-BigInt-1:1.9998.11-7.el8.noarch            5/10 
      Installing       : perl-DBI-1.641-3.module_el8.1.0+199+8f0a6bbd.x86_    6/10 
      Installing       : socat-1.7.3.3-2.el8.x86_64                           7/10 
      Installing       : boost-program-options-1.66.0-10.el8.x86_64           8/10 
      Running scriptlet: boost-program-options-1.66.0-10.el8.x86_64           8/10 
      Running scriptlet: galera-4-26.4.7-1.el8.x86_64                         9/10 
      Installing       : galera-4-26.4.7-1.el8.x86_64                         9/10 
      Running scriptlet: galera-4-26.4.7-1.el8.x86_64                         9/10 
      Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                  10/10 
      Installing       : MariaDB-server-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                  10/10 
      Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                  10/10 
    
    
    Two all-privilege accounts were created.
    One is root@localhost, it has no password, but you need to
    be system 'root' user to connect. Use, for example, sudo mysql
    The second is mysql@localhost, it has no password either, but
    you need to be the system 'mysql' user to connect.
    After connecting you can set the password, if you would need to be
    able to connect as any of these users with a password and without sudo
    
    See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at https://mariadb.com/kb or the
    MySQL manual for more instructions.
    
    Please report any problems at https://mariadb.org/jira
    
    The latest information about MariaDB is available at https://mariadb.org/.
    You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
    https://dev.mysql.com
    Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
    https://mariadb.org/get-involved/
    
    
      Verifying        : boost-program-options-1.66.0-10.el8.x86_64           1/10 
      Verifying        : perl-DBI-1.641-3.module_el8.1.0+199+8f0a6bbd.x86_    2/10 
      Verifying        : socat-1.7.3.3-2.el8.x86_64                           3/10 
      Verifying        : perl-Math-BigInt-1:1.9998.11-7.el8.noarch            4/10 
      Verifying        : perl-Math-Complex-1.59-416.el8.noarch                5/10 
      Verifying        : MariaDB-client-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   6/10 
      Verifying        : MariaDB-common-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   7/10 
      Verifying        : MariaDB-server-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   8/10 
      Verifying        : MariaDB-shared-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                   9/10 
      Verifying        : galera-4-26.4.7-1.el8.x86_64                        10/10 
    
    Installed:
      MariaDB-server-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                                           
      boost-program-options-1.66.0-10.el8.x86_64                                   
      perl-DBI-1.641-3.module_el8.1.0+199+8f0a6bbd.x86_64                          
      socat-1.7.3.3-2.el8.x86_64                                                   
      perl-Math-BigInt-1:1.9998.11-7.el8.noarch                                    
      perl-Math-Complex-1.59-416.el8.noarch                                        
      MariaDB-client-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                                           
      MariaDB-common-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                                           
      MariaDB-shared-10.5.9-1.el8.x86_64                                           
      galera-4-26.4.7-1.el8.x86_64                                                 
    
    Complete!
    
  5. 开启服务命令

    sudo systemctl start mariadb
    
  6. 开机启动命令

    systemctl enable mariadb
    
    Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
    
  7. 配置命令

    mysql_secure_installation
    
    NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
          SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
    
    In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
    password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
    haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.
    
  8. 设置密码

    # 注:运行结果用 ··· 代替
    Enter current password for root (enter for none):  # 输入root(mysql)的密码,初次安装默认没有,直接回车 
     ... 
    Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] n # 是否切换到unix套接字身份验证[Y/n]
     ... 
    Change the root password? [Y/n] y #是否设置root用户密码
    New password: # 新密码
    Re-enter new password:  # 再次输入密码
     ... 
    Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y # 是否删除匿名用户,建议删除
     ... 
    Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n # 是否禁止root远程登录,建议开启
     ... 
    Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] n # 是否删除test数据库,可以保留
    ...
    Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y # 是否重新加载权限表,也可以直接回车
     ... 
    Thanks for using MariaDB! # 看到这句话证明设置成功
    
  9. 初始化 MariaDB 完成后,以 MySQL 的 root 身份登录

    mysql -uroot -p密码
    
    Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MariaDB connection id is 11
    Server version: 10.5.9-MariaDB MariaDB Server
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
  10. 赋予 root 用户远程连接权限

    grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '自己设置的root密码';
    flush privileges;
    

    如果不执行这一步命令,时无法通过 Navicat 等工具连接数据库的,此外服务器也需要在安全组开放 3306 端口。

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