Hibernate入门之一对多实体映像

一对多实体映像
　在前一个主题中，User对Room是多对一，反过来看，Room对User是一对多，一个Room可以给多个User住宿使用，我们的User类别这次设计如下： 

User.java 的类的代码：

package onlyfun.caterpillar; 

public class User { 
private long id; 
private String name; 

public long getId() { 
return id; 
} 
public void setId(long id) { 
this.id = id; 
} 
public String getName() { 
return name; 
} 
public void setName(String name) { 
this.name = name; 
} 
} 

 　这次不在User中包括Room属性，我们在Room类别中使用Set来储存User，表示一个Room中所住宿的使用者： 

Room.java 

package onlyfun.caterpillar; 

import java.util.*; 

public class Room { 
private long id; 
private String address; 
private Set users = new HashSet(); 

public long getId() { 
return id; 
} 
public void setId(long id) { 
this.id = id; 
} 
public String getAddress() { 
return address; 
} 
public void setAddress(String address) { 
this.address = address; 
} 
public Set getUsers() { 
return users; 
} 
public void setUsers(Set users) { 
this.users = users; 
} 
} 

 

关于User的映射文件User.hbm.xml如下： 
User.hbm.xml 

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping 
PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN" 
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd"> 

<hibernate-mapping> 

<class name="onlyfun.caterpillar.User" table="USER"> 

<id name="id" column="USER_ID"> 
<generator class="increment"/> 
</id> 

<property name="name"> 
<column name="NAME" length="16" not-null="true"/> 
</property> 

</class> 

</hibernate-mapping> 

 而Room的映射文件Room.hbm.xml如下，我们使用<set>来作集合映像，而在当中使用<one-to-many>来指定Room对User的一对多关系： 

Room.hbm.xml 

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping 
PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN" 
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd"> 

<hibernate-mapping> 

<class name="onlyfun.caterpillar.Room" table="ROOM"> 

<id name="id" column="ROOM_ID"> 
<generator class="increment"/> 
</id> 

<property name="address" type="string"/> 

<set name="users" table="USER"> 
<key column="ROOM_ID"/> 
<one-to-many class="onlyfun.caterpillar.User"/> 
</set> 
</class> 

</hibernate-mapping> 

 我们使用下面这个程序来测试数据的储存： 

HibernateTest.java 

import onlyfun.caterpillar.*; 
import net.sf.hibernate.*; 
import net.sf.hibernate.cfg.*; 

public class HibernateTest { 
public static void main(String[] args) throws HibernateException { 
SessionFactory sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory(); 

Room room = new Room(); 
room.setAddress("NTU-M8-419"); 

User user1 = new User(); 
user1.setName("bush"); 
User user2 = new User(); 
user2.setName("caterpillar"); 
room.getUsers().add(user1); 
room.getUsers().add(user2); 

Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); 
Transaction tx= session.beginTransaction(); 
session.save(user1); 
session.save(user2); 
session.save(room); 

tx.commit(); 
session.close(); 

sessionFactory.close(); 
} 
} 

 看看数据库中实际储存的内容： 

mysql> select * from USER; 
+---------+-------------+---------+ 
| USER_ID | NAME | ROOM_ID | 
+---------+-------------+---------+ 
| 1 | bush | 1 | 
| 2 | caterpillar | 1 | 
+---------+-------------+---------+ 
2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

mysql> select * from ROOM; 
+---------+------------+ 
| ROOM_ID | address | 
+---------+------------+ 
| 1 | NTU-M8-419 | 
+---------+------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
　在这边我们先引出两个主题，第一是每次我们都用save()储存所有的暂存对象吗？事实上我们只要透用Hibernate的「可达性」，上面的三行 save()，就可以简化只save(room)，而其所含的user1、user2也会自动储存。第二是User与Room之间的关系我们到现在都只设计单向的，事实上我们会可以设计它们之间的双向关联。 
　这两个主题都值得独立一个探讨，之后将会介绍。