零起步3-CentOS7.6源码编译安装php-7.3.6、nginx-1.17.0、phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-16 13:43:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-09-16 13:43:00 发布

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分类专栏： Linux 文章标签： php-7.3.6 nginx-1.17.0 phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/damaibao/article/details/91869297

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全新以最小化包安装了64位的CentOS7.6系统，作为本地的Web服务器使用，现记录全过程

第三步，安装php数据库v7.3.6、nginx-1.17.0、phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1

※ 知悉

1. 从php7.1开始，官方就开始建议用openssl_*系列函数代替Mcrypt_*系列的函数，所以以下参数应该在./configure中去除

--enable-gd-native-ttf --with-mcrypt

否则会报错

configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --enable-gd-native-ttf, --with-mcrypt

2. configure配置时，记得将--prefix=/usr/local/php/放置在./configure 的最后面，确保php被正确安装在/usr/local/php目录（切记）

3. php7.3.6编译mysql参数时不要带路径，否则会报错“致命错误：my_global.h：没有那个文件或目录”

--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql 改为 --with-pdo-mysql

--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config 改为 --with-mysqli

4. 编译时会提示xslt-config not found，预先添加搜索路径到配置文件

configure: error: xslt-config not found. Please reinstall the libxslt >= 1.1.0 distribution

[root@localhost builder]# yum install libxslt libxslt-devel -y

configure: error: off_t undefined; check your library configuration

# 添加搜索路径到配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# echo '/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/lib
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64'>>/etc/ld.so.conf

# 更新配置

[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig -v

5. mysql8.0.11以后caching_sha2_password是默认的身份验证插件，而不是以往的mysql_native_password，从而导致phpMyAdmin连接mysql时使用mysql_native_password报错如下：

mysqli_real_connect(): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client [caching_sha2_password]

两个解决方案：

1) 修改mysql的登录设置，将password改为你数据库的root密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

2) 或者修改my.cnf，在[mysqld]中加入红色字体内容

[mysqld]

default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

准备工作1：

下载安装包及相关依赖

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.6.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.17.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://nih.at/libzip/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.43.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.9.0.1/phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel curl curl-devel openssl \
openssl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel \
freetype-devel libxslt libxslt-devel -y

安装net-tools，以执行netstat、ifconfig、route等常用命令

[root@localhost ~]# yum install net-tools -y

准备工作2：PHP安装zip拓展，解决以下安装问题

1) 报错："libzip not found，Please reinstall the libzip distribution"

2) 报错：zipconf.h：没有那个文件或目录（No such file or directory）

[root@localhost ~]# yum remove libzip -y
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd libzip-1.2.0
[root@localhost libzip-1.2.0]# ./configure
[root@localhost libzip-1.2.0]# make && make install
[root@localhost libzip-1.2.0]# cd ..
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/lib/libzip/include/zipconf.h /usr/local/include/

准备工作3：nginx安装pcre扩展

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf pcre-8.43.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd pcre-8.43
[root@localhost pcre-8.43]# ./configure
[root@localhost pcre-8.43]# make && make install
[root@localhost pcre-8.43] cd ..

准备工作4：添加www的用户组及用户

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd www
[root@localhost ~]# useradd www -g www -s /sbin/nologin

准备工作5：安装目录及相关说明

安装目录

/usr/local/php

/usr/local/nginx

/usr/local/mysql

/www/php/phpMyAdmin

源文件目录

/root/php-7.3.6

/root/nginx-1.17.0

/root/pcre-8.43

/root/libzip-1.2.0

/root/phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages

配置文件目录

/usr/local/php/php.ini

/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

/www/php/phpMyAdmin/config.inc.php

nginx的web目录

/www

/www/java #java项目的web根目录

/www/php #php项目的web根目录

/www/html #html静态文件项目的web根目录

安装php

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf php-7.3.6.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd php-7.3.6
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# mkdir builder
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# cd builder
[root@localhost builder]# ../configure --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php \
--with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --enable-fpm \
--with-pdo-mysql --with-pdo-sqlite --with-mysqli \
--with-freetype-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr/include/libxml2 --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib \
--with-curl --with-gd --with-gettext --with-iconv-dir --with-kerberos \
--with-libdir=lib64 --with-openssl --with-pcre-regex --with-pear \
--with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-mhash \
--enable-bcmath --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring --enable-opcache --enable-pcntl --enable-shmop \
--enable-soap --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-wddx \
--enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-zip \
--prefix=/usr/local/php/

[root@localhost builder]# make -j 8 && make install

至此，php-7.3.6安装完毕，屏幕打印信息如下：

Build complete.
Don't forget to run 'make test'.

Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20180731/
Installing PHP CLI binary:        /usr/local/php/bin/
Installing PHP CLI man page:      /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/
Installing PHP FPM binary:        /usr/local/php/sbin/
Installing PHP FPM defconfig:     /usr/local/php/etc/
Installing PHP FPM man page:      /usr/local/php/php/man/man8/
Installing PHP FPM status page:   /usr/local/php/php/php/fpm/
Installing phpdbg binary:         /usr/local/php/bin/
Installing phpdbg man page:       /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/
Installing PHP CGI binary:        /usr/local/php/bin/
Installing PHP CGI man page:      /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/
Installing build environment:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/build/
Installing header files:          /usr/local/php/include/php/
Installing helper programs:       /usr/local/php/bin/
  program: phpize
  program: php-config
Installing man pages:             /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/
  page: phpize.1
  page: php-config.1
Installing PEAR environment:      /usr/local/php/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar    - installed: 1.4.7
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.4.2
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.1.1
[PEAR] XML_Util       - installed: 1.4.3
[PEAR] PEAR           - installed: 1.10.9
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php/etc/pear.conf
You may want to add: /usr/local/php/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
/root/php-7.3.6/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin
ln -s -f phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers:           /usr/local/php/include/php/ext/pdo/

配置php

# 复制php.ini到指定的配置目录--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php（开发环境推荐php.ini-development，生产环境推荐php.ini-production）

# 复制 php.ini、php-fpm.conf、www.conf 配置文件

[root@localhost builder]# cd /root/php-7.3.6
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# cp /root/php-7.3.6/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

# 添加软连接

[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm /usr/local/bin

启动php

[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# cp /root/php-7.3.6/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm.in /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# chkconfig php-fpm on
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# vi /etc/init.d/php-fpm

# 修改内容项如下（红色字体为有修改的内容项），可避免以下报错，懂shell脚本的很容易明白的：

报错：Starting php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm: line 57: @sbindir@/php-fpm: No such file or directory

prefix=/usr/local/php

exec_prefix=$prefix

php_fpm_BIN=$prefix/sbin/php-fpm

php_fpm_CONF=$prefix/etc/php-fpm.conf

php_fpm_PID=$prefix/var/run/php-fpm.pid

[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# service php-fpm restart
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# ps aux | grep php
root      32183  0.0  0.1 127652  6568 ?        Ss   01:50   0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody    32184  0.0  0.1 127652  6100 ?        S    01:50   0:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    32185  0.0  0.1 127652  6100 ?        S    01:50   0:00 php-fpm: pool www
[root@localhost php-7.3.6]# netstat -tunlp |grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      32560/php-fpm: mast

用ps 查看php进程-->正常，netstat查看端口监听-->正常，php安装配置到止全部结束。

安装nginx

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf nginx-1.17.0.tar.gzip
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.17.0
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.0]# ./configure \
--user=www \
--group=www \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-pcre=/root/pcre-8.43 \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--with-threads

[root@localhost nginx-1.17.0]# make && make install

nginx的configure参数官方文档（也可以./configure --help查看）

http://nginx.org/en/docs/configure.html

配置www的网站目录

建立www运行目录，并赋予www.www用户组的执行权限

[root@localhost nginx-1.17.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# mkdir -p /www/html
[root@localhost nginx]# mkdir -p /www/php
[root@localhost nginx]# mkdir -p /www/java
[root@localhost nginx]# vi /www/php/info.php

# info.php中加入以下内容，保存退出

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

[root@localhost nginx]# chown -R www.www /www

配置nginx整合php

修改nginx.conf文件，整合php

[root@localhost nginx]# vi  /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

location ~ \.php$ {

root /www/php;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /www/php$fastcgi_script_name;

include fastcgi_params;

}

以上红色字为有修改的部分（去年#注释），参数解释如下：

location 正则匹配到以php结尾的到这里解析，

root 指明了网站目录

fastcgi_pass 指明了用哪里的php-fpm来解析

fastcgi_index 指明首页

fastcgi_param 指明的是php动态程序的主目录，/scripts也就是$fastcgi_script_name前面指定的路径，我们一般在这里写网站根目录的路径，比如我们的路径是 /www/html。

# 测试nginx修改并重新加载nginx.conf（下列命令必须要先启动nginx才能执行）

[root@localhost nginx]# sbin/nginx -t
[root@localhost nginx]# sbin/nginx -s reload

配置nginx为系统服务并加入开机启动

[root@localhost nginx]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx

# 以下为nginx 文件内容，请复制粘贴保存

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile:     /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}
stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}
restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    start
}
reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}
force_reload() {
    restart
}
configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
    status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

[root@localhost nginx]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# chkconfig nginx on
[root@localhost nginx]# chkconfig --list|grep nginx
nginx           0:关    1:关    2:开    3:开    4:开    5:开    6:关
[root@localhost nginx]# service nginx start
[root@localhost nginx]# ps aux |grep nginx
root      17432  0.0  0.0  46180  1180 ?        Ss   23:21   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
www       17433  0.0  0.0  46572  1968 ?        S    23:21   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      17436  0.0  0.0 112728   992 pts/1    S+   23:21   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

查看端口监听情况

[root@localhost nginx]# netstat -antp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9604/php-fpm: maste
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16946/nginx: master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9549/sshd          
tcp        0      0 192.168.154.132:22      192.168.154.1:50204     ESTABLISHED 10148/sshd: root@pt
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      9884/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      9549/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 :::33060                :::*                    LISTEN      9884/mysqld

访问80端口

[root@localhost nginx]# curl 127.0.0.1:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

在防火墙中开启80端口的远程访问

[root@localhost nginx]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost nginx]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@localhost nginx]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
3306/tcp 80/tcp

这样浏览器中就可以用ip来访问了，假设ip为192.168.0.10

nginx欢迎页面

http://192.168.0.10

phpinfo页面

http://192.168.0.10/info.php

至此，nginx+php配置全部结束

phpMyAdmin配置

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages.tar.gzip
[root@localhost ~]# mv phpMyAdmin-4.9.0.1-all-languages /www/php/phpMyAdmin
[root@localhost ~]# cd /www/php/phpMyAdmin/
[root@localhost phpMyAdmin]# cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
[root@localhost phpMyAdmin]# vi config.inc.php

# 将host设置为127.0.0.1，blowfish_secret值随便填入46位长度以内的字符串

$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = '127.0.0.1';

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '29*(#*&$KFDJIELFksdie*///'

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R www.www /www/php/phpMyAdmin

修改mysql的登录设置，将password改为你数据库的root密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

或者修改my.cnf，在[mysqld]中加入红色字体内容

[mysqld]

default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

原因：在MySQL 8.0+中，默认身份验证插件已从'mysql_native_password'更改为'caching_sha2_password'，'root'@'localhost'管理帐户默认使用'caching_sha2_password'身份验证插件。跟phpMyAdmin不兼容，如果希望root帐户使用之前的默认身份验证插件'mysql_native_password'。

官网资料： https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/upgrading-from-previous-series.html#upgrade-caching-sha2-password

在nginx中配置phpMyAdmin访问

在nginx中建立phpMyAdmion配置文件pma.conf，监听8081端口

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
[root@localhost conf]# mkdir conf.d
[root@localhost conf]# vi conf.d/pma.conf

# 以下为pma.conf的内容，请复制粘贴保存

    server {
        listen       8081;
        server_name  localhost;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   /www/php/phpMyAdmin;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
        }

        error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000        #

        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           /www/php/phpMyAdmin;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /www/php/phpMyAdmin$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        location ~ /\.ht {
            deny  all;
        }
    }

将配置文件加入nginx.conf中，并reload重新加载nginx配置，使刚设置的立即生效

[root@localhost conf]# vi nginx.conf

# 在文件最后的}之前加入红色内容，加载刚才编辑的pma.conf配置文件，如示：

include conf.d/*.conf;

}

[root@localhost conf]# ../sbin/nginx -s reload

开放防火墙的8081端口访问

[root@localhost conf]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8081/tcp --permanent  
success
[root@localhost conf]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

这时，可以直接用http://ip:8081访问phpMyAdmin（ip请改为你配置phpMyAdmin服务器的ip）

至此，nginx+php+phpMyAdmin的配置讲解全部结束！