【Leetcode】Count of Smaller Numbers After Self

题目链接：https://leetcode.com/problems/count-of-smaller-numbers-after-self/

题目：

You are given an integer array nums and you have to return a new counts array. The counts array has the property where counts[i] is the number of smaller elements to the right of nums[i].

Example:

Given nums = [5, 2, 6, 1]

To the right of 5 there are 2 smaller elements (2 and 1).
To the right of 2 there is only 1 smaller element (1).
To the right of 6 there is 1 smaller element (1).
To the right of 1 there is 0 smaller element.

Return the array [2, 1, 1, 0].

思路：

建立一个二叉搜索树，在建树的过程中，记录在数组右边比自身小的元素个数。 算法复杂度O(nlogn)，用动态规划复杂度为O(n^2)。

其中cnt为该结点相同大小元素的个数，用于重复元素判断。。。其实可以省略。。懒得改了

算法：

public List<Integer> countSmaller(int[] nums) {  
        List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();  
        int res[] = new int[nums.length];  
        for (int i = nums.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {  
            res[i] = insert(nums[i]);  
        }  
        for (int i : res) {  
            list.add(i);  
        }  
        return list;  
    }  
  
    TreeNode tRoot;  
  
    private Integer insert(int val) {  
        int cnt = 0;  
        if (tRoot == null) {  
            tRoot = new TreeNode(val);  
            return cnt;  
        }  
        TreeNode root = tRoot;  
        while (root != null) {  
            if (val < root.val) {  
                root.leftCnt++;  
                if (root.left == null) {  
                    root.left = new TreeNode(val);  
                    break;  
                } else  
                    root = root.left;  
            } else if (val > root.val) {  
                cnt += root.leftCnt + root.cnt;  
                if (root.right == null) {  
                    root.right = new TreeNode(val);  
                    break;  
                } else  
                    root = root.right;  
            } else {  
                cnt += root.leftCnt;  
                root.cnt++;  
                break;  
            }  
        }  
  
        return cnt;  
    }