Android兼容性优化-Android 8.0设置Activity透明主题崩溃

原文连接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/g6RzzJIOpyBLiCq-YHBBMg

崩溃日志：

1 java.lang.RuntimeException:Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.pxwx.assistant/com.pxwx.main.ui.MainActivity}: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation
2 android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2957)
3 ......
4 Caused by:
5 java.lang.IllegalStateException:Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation
6 android.app.Activity.onCreate(Activity.java:1038)
7 androidx.core.app.ComponentActivity.onCreate(Unknown Source:0)
8 androidx.activity.ComponentActivity.onCreate(Unknown Source:0)
9 androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity.onCreate(Unknown Source:99)
10 androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity.onCreate(Unknown Source:10)
11 com.pxwx.base.activity.BaseActivity.onCreate(Unknown Source:0)
12 com.pxwx.main.ui.MainActivity.onCreate(Native Method)
13 android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7183)
14 android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1221)
15 android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2910)
16 android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3032)
17 android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(Unknown Source:0)
18 android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1696)
19 android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:105)
20 android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)
21 android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6942)
22 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
23 com.android.internal.os.Zygote$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(Zygote.java:327)
24 com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1374)

抛出异常信息：

Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation

Android8.0源码Activity.java:

https://www.androidos.net.cn/android/8.0.0_r4/xref/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Activity.java

protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if (DEBUG_LIFECYCLE) Slog.v(TAG, "onCreate " + this + ": " + savedInstanceState);

        if (getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion > O && mActivityInfo.isFixedOrientation()) {
            final TypedArray ta = obtainStyledAttributes(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window);
            final boolean isTranslucentOrFloating = ActivityInfo.isTranslucentOrFloating(ta);
            ta.recycle();
            //如果Activity方向固定并且是透明(或者浮动)，则会抛异常。
            if (isTranslucentOrFloating) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation");
            }
        }
        ...
    }

查看ActivityInfo.java的isTranslucentOrFloating()方法：
https://www.androidos.net.cn/android/8.0.0_r4/xref/frameworks/base/core/java/android/content/pm/ActivityInfo.java

//检查Activity方式是否是透明或者是浮动的
public static boolean isTranslucentOrFloating(TypedArray attributes) {
        final boolean isTranslucent =
                attributes.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowIsTranslucent,
                        false);
        final boolean isSwipeToDismiss = !attributes.hasValue(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowIsTranslucent)
                && attributes.getBoolean(
                        com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowSwipeToDismiss, false);
        final boolean isFloating =
                attributes.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowIsFloating,
                        false);

        return isFloating || isTranslucent || isSwipeToDismiss;
    }

解决方法:

1、降级targetSDKVersion到26以下(废话！！)

2、移除mainfest文件里的screenOrientation属性

3、取消Activity主题里的windowIsTranslucent属性或者windowSwipeToDismiss属性或者windowIsFloating属性（根据你设置了什么属性来具体分析）

4、移除manifest文件里的screenOrientation属性，并在Activity的onCreate方法里设置屏幕方向

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT != Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
	setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT);
}

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