关闭窗体的8种方法

JFrame是Swing中一种比较典型的GUI组件，掌握了其窗口事件的处理可以进而扩展到其他组件，编程思想都是大同小异的。使用事件监听器接口，需要实现该接口的所有抽象方法，而通常只应用一种或几种，全部实现显得很繁琐。于是，对于拥有多个方法的接口可使用事件适配器，由于它提供了空实现，所以只要实现需要的方法即可。

事件处理的过程大致可分为3个步骤：一、确定某组件产生的事件类型；二、提供处理该事件的处理器方法；三、为该组件注册事件监听器。

1、类本身作为事件监听器类：GUI界面类实现监听器接口或继承事件适配器，直接在类中定义事件处理器方法。优点：简洁。缺点：GUI界面类应该主要进行界面初始化，增加事件处理会引起混乱；若继承事件适配器则无法继承其他父类。

public class Test implements WindowListener { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.addWindowListener(this); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e){} public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} } public class Test extends WindowAdapter { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.addWindowListener(this); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} }

2、顶级类：事件监听器类定义成一个顶级类。优点：界面类可继承其他类。缺点：事件监听器类从属于某个GUI界面类，定义成顶级类不利于提高程序的内聚性；顶级类的事件监听器不能自由访问创建GUI界面类中的组件，程序不够简洁。

public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.addWindowListener(new WinEventHandler()); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} } class WinEventHandler implements WindowListener { public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e){} } public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.addWindowListener(new WinEventHandler()); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} } class WinEventHandler extends WindowAdapter { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} }

3、内部类：事件监听器定义成当前类的内部类。优点：可以在类中复用该监听器类；该监听器类可自由访问外部类的所有GUI组件。

public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.addWindowListener(new WinEventHandler()); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} class WinEventHandler implements WindowListener { public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e){} } } public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.addWindowListener(new WinEventHandler()); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} class WinEventHandler extends WindowAdapter { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} } }

4、局部内部类：事件监听器类在当前类的某个方法内定义。

public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { class WinEventHandler implements WindowListener { public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e){} } jFrame.addWindowListener(new WinEventHandler()); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} } public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { class WinEventHandler extends WindowAdapter { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} } jFrame.addWindowListener(new WinEventHandler()); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} }

5、匿名内部类：大部分时间监听器只临时用一次，无复用价值，应用最广泛的形式。

public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.addWindowListener(new WindowListener() { public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e){} }); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} } public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} }); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} }

6、可复用的局部内部类？

public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { WindowListener winEventHandler=new WindowListener() { public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e){} public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e){} public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e){} public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e){} }; jFrame.addWindowListener(winEventHandler); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} } public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { WindowAdapter winEventHandler=new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){System.exit(0);} }; jFrame.addWindowListener(winEventHandler); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} }

7、JFrame的一种特有形式

public class Test { JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("Test"); public void init() { jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); jFrame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args){new Test().init();} }

8、一种不太常见的形式

public class Test extends JFrame { public Test(){enableEvents(AWTEvent.WINDOW_EVENT_MASK);} protected void processWindowEvent(WindowEvent e) { super.processWindowEvent(e); if(e.getID()==WindowEvent.WINDOW_CLOSING){System.exit(0);} } public static void main(String[] args) { Test test=new Test(); test.setTitle("Test"); test.setVisible(true); } }